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F. Bonino, B. Hoyer, J. Nelson, R. Engle, G. Verme, J. Gerin (1981)
Hepatitis B virus DNA in the sera of HBsAg carriers: A marker of active hepatitis B virus replication in the liverHepatology, 1
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e antigen and anti-e in the serum of asymptomatic carrier mothers as indicators of positive and negative transmission of hepatitis B virus to their infants.The New England journal of medicine, 294 14
J. Summers, W. Mason (1982)
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J. Scotto, M. Hadchouel, C. Héry, Jeannine Yvart, P. Tiollais, C. Bréchot (2007)
Detection of Hepatitis B Virus DNA in Serum by a Simple Spot Hybridization Technique: Comparison with Results for Other Viral MarkersHepatology, 3
C.Walter Ogston, G. Jonak, C. Rogler, S. Astrin, J. Summers (1982)
Cloning and structural analysis of integrated woodchuck hepatitis virus sequences from hepatocellular carcinomas of woodchucksCell, 29
M. Omata, K. Uchiumi, Y. Ito, O. Yokosuka, J. Mori, K. Terao, Y. Wei-fa, A. O'Connell, W. London, K. Okuda (1983)
Duck hepatitis B virus and liver diseases.Gastroenterology, 85 2
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An HBV-like virus of domestic ducks
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Woodchuck hepatitis virus and hepatocellular carcinoma
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Naturally occurring infection of Pekin duck embryos by duck hepatitis B virus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 80 6
P. Marion, L. Oshiro, D. Regnery, G. Scullard, W. Robinson (1980)
A virus in Beechey ground squirrels that is related to hepatitis B virus of humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 77 5
G. Wahl, Michael Stern, George Stark (1979)
Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 76 8
H. Lieberman, D. Labrecque, M. Kew, S. Hadziyannis, D. Shafritz (2007)
Detection of Hepatitis B Virus DNA Directly in Human Serum by a Simplified Molecular Hybridization Test: Comparison to HBeAg/ Anti‐HBe Status in HBsAg CarriersHepatology, 3
D. Ganem, B. Weiser, A. Barchuk, R. Brown, H. Varmus (1982)
Biological characterization of acute infection with ground squirrel hepatitis virusJournal of Virology, 44
H. Popper, J. Shih, J. Gerin, D. Wong, B. Hoyer, W. London, D. Sly, R. Purcell (1981)
Woodchuck hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation of histologic with virologic observationsHepatology, 1
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Chronic hepatitis in chimpanzee carriers of hepatitis B virus: morphologic, immunologic, and viral DNA studies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 77 10
(1980)
Hepatitis B virus and woodchuck hepatitis virus are members of a novel class of DNA viruses. In: Cold Spring Harbor Conferences on Cell Proliferation
Mitamura (1982)
Woodchuck hepatitis virus DNA in woodchuck liver tissuesHepatology, 2
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Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I.Journal of molecular biology, 113 1
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Hepatitis B virus as the etiologic agent in hepatocellular carcinoma-epidemiologic consideration
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A virus similar to human hepatitis B virus associated with hepatitis and hepatoma in woodchucks.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 75 9
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W. Szmuness, A. Prince (1971)
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Human hepatitis B‐like viruses have been found in several animal species, including Chinese ducks. Sera from Chinese carrier ducks which were positive for duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) were inoculated in 33 Japanese one‐day‐old ducklings. The same sera were inoculated in four 3‐week‐old ducklings, and three 3‐month‐oId ducks. Ten uninoculated ducklings served as controls. Hepatitis B e‐antigen positive human sera and DNA polymerase‐positive woodchuck sera were also inoculated into ducklings. DHBV was demonstrated in serum of all ducklings inoculated at one day of age and persisted for more than 6 months in 17 of 20 ducks. In the three ducks in which viremia disappeared, viral DNA was found in liver tissue. Southern hybridization revealed only free viral DNA in infected ducks. Only 1 of 7 ducklings inoculated at 3 weeks or later developed persistent infection. No cross‐infectivity by hepatitis B virus or by woodchuck hepatitis virus was demonstrated. By inoculating DHBV‐positive sera into 1‐day‐old ducklings of a virus‐free Japanese flock, we were able to transmit DHBV in all of them and established a chronic carrier state in all ducks which were inoculated at 1 day of age.
Hepatology – Wiley
Published: Jul 1, 1984
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