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Data from animal studies suggest a functional relationship between the cholecystokinin-ergic (CCK) and the serotonergic (5-HT) system. There is increasing evidence that the cholecystokinin-4 (CCK 4 ) challenge test could be a valid experimental model for panic attacks in man. The aim of the present study is twofold; 1) to validate this model further and 2) to shed more light on the putative CCK\5-HT interaction. To this end, we studied the effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluvoxamine on CCK 4 -induced panic attacks. Twenty-six panic disorder (PD) patients received, before and after a double blind 8-week treatment period with fluvoxamine ( n = 17) or placebo ( n = 9), a single blind bolus injection with 50 μg CCK 4 . Treatment with fluvoxamine (150 mg daily) significantly decreased the sensitivity of PD patients for CCK 4 while placebo was without effect. Of the patients who responded to treatment, 83% no longer experienced a panic attack when rechallenged with CCK 4 , whereas in the non-responders group this was only 28%. In the fluvoxamine group the treatment response evaluated by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS) showed a statistically significant treatment effect. The results of this study strengthen the validity of the CCK 4 test as an experimental human model for panic attacks and yield evidence supporting the hypothesis that both CCK and serotonin are implicated in the regulation of anxiety.
Psychopharmacology – Springer Journals
Published: Feb 1, 1997
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