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INTRODUCTION ALISTAIR BURNS It is with something akin to a sense of awe that one reads the original publication for the Mini-Mental State Examination, considering how widely used it has become ever since. The rationale for the development of the `Mini-Mental State' (MMS) was that although available batteries which served as `clinical tests of the sensorium' were available, they were lengthy. The `Mini' is justi®ed because it concentrates only on the cognitive aspects of mental functioning and does not deal with measurements of mood, abnormal mental experiences and disordered forms of thinking. The validity and reliability of the MMS was based on a heterogeneous group of 206 patients with a variety of disorders (dementia, depression, pseudodementia, mania, schizophrenia and personality disorders) and in 63 normal subjects. The MMS successfully separated the diagnostic groups of dementia, depression with cognitive impairment and depression. Validity was assessed using the WAIS with the Pearson R correlation of 0.78 for verbal IQ and 0.66 for performance IQ between the two instruments. Reliability was tested thoroughlyà 24-hour test±retest reliability with the same examiner was 0.89 and between examiners 0.83. The patients who were clinically stable were measured over 28 days with a correlation of
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry – Wiley
Published: May 1, 1998
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