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The Dynamics of Capillary Flow

The Dynamics of Capillary Flow Penetration of Liquids into Cylindrical Capillaries.—The rate of penetration into a small capillary of radius r is shown to be: dl dt = P ( r 2 + 4 ε r ) 8 η l , where P is the driving pressure, ε the coefficient of slip and η the viscosity. By integrating this expression, the distance penetrated by a liquid flowing under capillary pressure alone into a horizontal capillary or one with small internal surface is found to be the square root of ( γ rt · cos θ 2 η ), where γ is the surface tension and θ the angle of contact. The quantity ( γ cos θ 2 η ) is called the coefficient of penetrance or the penetrativity of the liquid. Penetration of Liquids into a Porous Body .—(1) Theory . If a porous body behaves as an assemblage of very small cylindrical capillaries, the volume which penetrates in a time t would be proportional to the square root of ( γ t η ). (2) Experiments with mercury, water and other liquids completely verify the theoretical deductions. Dynamic capillary method of measuring surface tension is described. It possesses certain advantages on the static method of capillary rise. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Physical Review American Physical Society (APS)

The Dynamics of Capillary Flow

Physical Review , Volume 17 (3) – Mar 1, 1921
11 pages

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Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Copyright
© American Physical Society
ISSN
0031-899X
DOI
10.1103/PhysRev.17.273
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Penetration of Liquids into Cylindrical Capillaries.—The rate of penetration into a small capillary of radius r is shown to be: dl dt = P ( r 2 + 4 ε r ) 8 η l , where P is the driving pressure, ε the coefficient of slip and η the viscosity. By integrating this expression, the distance penetrated by a liquid flowing under capillary pressure alone into a horizontal capillary or one with small internal surface is found to be the square root of ( γ rt · cos θ 2 η ), where γ is the surface tension and θ the angle of contact. The quantity ( γ cos θ 2 η ) is called the coefficient of penetrance or the penetrativity of the liquid. Penetration of Liquids into a Porous Body .—(1) Theory . If a porous body behaves as an assemblage of very small cylindrical capillaries, the volume which penetrates in a time t would be proportional to the square root of ( γ t η ). (2) Experiments with mercury, water and other liquids completely verify the theoretical deductions. Dynamic capillary method of measuring surface tension is described. It possesses certain advantages on the static method of capillary rise.

Journal

Physical ReviewAmerican Physical Society (APS)

Published: Mar 1, 1921

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