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Diversification of P450 Genes During Land Plant Evolution

Diversification of P450 Genes During Land Plant Evolution Plant cytochromes P450 (P450s) catalyze a wide variety of monooxygenation/hydroxylation reactions in primary and secondary metabolism. The number of P450 genes in plant genomes is estimated to be up to 1% of total gene annotations of each plant species. This implies that diversification within P450 gene superfamilies has led to the emergence of new metabolic pathways throughout land plant evolution. The conserved P450 families contribute to chemical defense mechanisms under terrestrial conditions and several are involved in hormone biosynthesis and catabolism. Species-specific P450 families are essential for the biosynthetic pathways of species-specialized metabolites. Future genome-wide analyses of P450 gene clusters and coexpression networks should help both in identifying the functions of many orphan P450s and in understanding the evolution of this versatile group of enzymes. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Plant Biology Annual Reviews

Diversification of P450 Genes During Land Plant Evolution

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References (137)

Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright © 2010 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
ISSN
1040-2519
DOI
10.1146/annurev-arplant-042809-112305
pmid
20192745
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Plant cytochromes P450 (P450s) catalyze a wide variety of monooxygenation/hydroxylation reactions in primary and secondary metabolism. The number of P450 genes in plant genomes is estimated to be up to 1% of total gene annotations of each plant species. This implies that diversification within P450 gene superfamilies has led to the emergence of new metabolic pathways throughout land plant evolution. The conserved P450 families contribute to chemical defense mechanisms under terrestrial conditions and several are involved in hormone biosynthesis and catabolism. Species-specific P450 families are essential for the biosynthetic pathways of species-specialized metabolites. Future genome-wide analyses of P450 gene clusters and coexpression networks should help both in identifying the functions of many orphan P450s and in understanding the evolution of this versatile group of enzymes.

Journal

Annual Review of Plant BiologyAnnual Reviews

Published: Jun 2, 2010

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