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The phytochrome family of photoreceptors provides plants with a battery of sensors of the natural radiation environment. Each phytochrome can exist in two photoconvertible isomeric forms: The Pr form absorbs maximally in the red (R 600-700 nm) and is photoconverted to the Pfr form, which absorbs maximally in the far-red (FR = 700-800 nm), thereby being converted to Pro Investigations of mutant and transgenic plants with altered levels of expression of the genes for phytochromes A and B (i.e. the PHYA and PHYB genes) have begun to provide detailed information on the physiological functions of indi vidual members of the family. Current evidence indicates that phytochrome A (phyA) mediates the far-red high-irradiance-response (FR-HIR) and functions differentially throughout the life cycle. Phytochrome B (phyB) is the principal phytochrome responsible for the classical red/far-red (R/FR) reversible re sponses, and for the responses of light-grown plants to the R:FR ratio. Other phytochromes have minor functions in these responses. Evidence is accumu lating that the Pr form of phyB (PrB) has biological activity and that responses mediated by phyB may be the result of antagonistic actions of PrB and PfrB. For both phyA and phyB, response is related to gene dosage, indicating
Annual Review of Plant Biology – Annual Reviews
Published: Jun 1, 1995
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