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A central question concerning the response of terrestrial ecosystems to a changing atmosphere is whether increased uptake of carbon in response to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration results in greater plant biomass and carbon storage or, alternatively, faster cycling of C through the ecosystem. Net primary productivity (NPP) of a closed-canopy Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) forest stand was assessed for three years in a free-air CO 2 -enrichment (FACE) experiment. NPP increased 21%% in stands exposed to elevated CO 2 , and there was no loss of response over time. Wood increment increased significantly during the first year of exposure, but subsequently most of the extra C was allocated to production of leaves and fine roots. These pools turn over more rapidly than wood, thereby reducing the potential of the forest stand to sequester additional C in response to atmospheric CO 2 enrichment. Hence, while this experiment provides the first evidence that CO 2 enrichment can increase productivity in a closed-canopy deciduous forest, the implications of this result must be tempered because the increase in productivity resulted in faster cycling of C through the system rather than increased C storage in wood. The fate of the additional C entering the soil system and the environmental interactions that influence allocation need further investigation.
Ecological Applications – Ecological Society of America
Published: Oct 1, 2002
Keywords: carbon allocation ; carbon sequestration ; CO 2 enrichment ; FACE (free-air CO 2 -enrichment) experiment ; fine-root productivity ; forest productivity ; global change ; heterotrophic respiration ; Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum) ; net primary productivity
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