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RECONCILIATION AND REDIRECTED AFFECTION IN RHESUS MONKEYS by FRANS B. M. DE WAAL and DEBORAH YOSHIHARA1) (Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, Madison, WI, U.S.A.) (With 3 Figures) (Acc. 15.I.1983) Introduction The occurrence of reconciliations among chimpanzees, reported by DE WAAL & VAN ROOSMALEN (1979), has recently been regarded as one out of several indications that these great apes have entered a cognitive domain which sets them apart from almost all other animals. The suggestion is that reconciliations depend on introspection and self-awareness (GALLUP, 1982). While not denying that chimpanzees may possess these mental abilities and may use them in a great variety of social contexts, we wonder whether these abilities are necessary to explain the phenomenon of reconciliation. The minimum requirements seem rather simple: a) in- dividual recognition, b) a good memory ("who was my opponent?"), and c) conciliatory tendendies. The first two capacities are definitely present in many animal species, not only primates. The third requisite may have more to do with a species' social temperament than with its cognitive powers. It may be ab- sent in solitary animals, but one would expect that animals living in groups or pairs would benefit from mechanisms to restore peace
Behaviour – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1983
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