Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
D. Burslem, T. Whitmore, G. Brown (2000)
Short‐term effects of cyclone impact and long‐term recovery of tropical rain forest on Kolombangara, Solomon IslandsJournal of Ecology, 88
C. Sagers, P. Coley (1995)
Benefits and Costs of Defense in a Neotropical ShrubEcology, 76
K. Kitajima (1994)
Relative importance of photosynthetic traits and allocation patterns as correlates of seedling shade tolerance of 13 tropical treesOecologia, 98
S. Fraver, N. Brokaw, ALAN Smith (1998)
Delimiting the gap phase in the growth cycle of a Panamanian forestJournal of Tropical Ecology, 14
J. Terborgh, S. Wright (1994)
Effects of Mammalian Herbivores on Plant Recruitment in Two Neotropical ForestsEcology, 75
T. Aide (1987)
Limbfalls: a major cause of sapling mortality for tropical forest plantsBiotropica, 19
(1982)
The influence of tree-falls in tropical forests in tree species richness
S. Hubbell (1980)
Seed predation and the coexistence of tree species in tropical forestsOikos, 35
D. Clark, M. Palmer, D. Clark (1999)
EDAPHIC FACTORS AND THE LANDSCAPE-SCALE DISTRIBUTIONS OF TROPICAL RAIN FOREST TREESEcology, 80
S. Wright, C. Carrasco, O. Calderón, S. Paton (1999)
THE EL NINO SOUTHERN OSCILLATION, VARIABLE FRUIT PRODUCTION, AND FAMINE IN A TROPICAL FORESTEcology, 80
C. Uhl, K. Clark, N. Dezzeo, Pedro Maquirino (1988)
Vegetation Dynamics in Amazonian Treefall GapsEcology, 69
(1994)
Flowering plant reproductive systems
P. Ashton, T. Givnish, S. Appanah (1988)
Staggered Flowering in the Dipterocarpaceae: New Insights Into Floral Induction and the Evolution of Mast Fruiting in the Aseasonal TropicsThe American Naturalist, 132
R. Burnham, A. Graham (1999)
The history of neotropical vegetation: New developments and statusAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 86
H. Steege, D. Sabatier, H. Castellanos, T. Andel, J. Duivenvoorden, A. Oliveira, R. Ek, R. Lilwah, P. Maas, S. Mori (2000)
An analysis of the floristic composition and diversity of Amazonian forests including those of the Guiana ShieldJournal of Tropical Ecology, 16
S. Wright, O. Calderón (1995)
Phylogenetic patterns among tropical flowering phenologiesJournal of Ecology, 83
B. Poulin, S. Wright, G. Lefebvre, O. Calderón (1999)
Interspecific synchrony and asynchrony in the fruiting phenologies of congeneric bird-dispersed plants in PanamaJournal of Tropical Ecology, 15
D. Clark, D. Clark (1994)
Climate-induced annual variation in canopy tree growth in a Costa Rican tropical rain forestJournal of Ecology, 82
Harle (2010)
Light regimes beneath closed canopies and tree-fall gaps in temperate and tropical forests
D. Snow (1965)
A POSSIBLE SELECTIVE FACTOR IN THE EVOLUTION OF FRUITING SEASONS IN TROPICAL FORESTOikos, 15
D. Tilman, S. Pacala (1993)
The maintenance of species richness in plant communities
H. Comins, I. Noble (1985)
Dispersal, Variability, and Transient Niches: Species Coexistence in a Uniformly Variable EnvironmentThe American Naturalist, 126
S. Hubbell, R. Foster, Sean O'Brien, K. Harms, R. Condit, Bert Wechsler, Stephen Wright, S. Lao (1999)
Light-Gap disturbances, recruitment limitation, and tree diversity in a neotropical forestScience, 283 5401
F. Stiles (1977)
Coadapted Competitors: The Flowering Seasons of Hummingbird-Pollinated Plants in a Tropical ForestScience, 198
P. Ashton (1992)
Species Richness in Plant Communities
R. Condit, S. Hubbell, R. Foster (1996)
Changes in tree species abundance in a Neotropical forest: impact of climate changeJournal of Tropical Ecology, 12
R. Armstrong (1989)
Competition, seed predation, and species coexistenceJournal of Theoretical Biology, 141
D. Clark, D. Clark (1989)
The role of physical damage in the seedling mortality regime of a neotropical rain forestOikos, 55
A. Oliveira, S. Mori (1999)
A central Amazonian terra firme forest. I. High tree species richness on poor soilsBiodiversity & Conservation, 8
G. Gilbert, R. Foster, S. Hubbell (1994)
Density and distance-to-adult effects of a canker disease of trees in a moist tropical forestOecologia, 98
R. Ricklefs (1977)
Environmental Heterogeneity and Plant Species Diversity: A HypothesisThe American Naturalist, 111
Henry Howe, J. Smallwood (1982)
Ecology of Seed DispersalAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 13
J. Lord, M. Westoby, M. Leishman (1995)
Seed Size and Phylogeny in Six Temperate Floras: Constraints, Niche Conservatism, and AdaptationThe American Naturalist, 146
D. Tilman (1994)
Competition and Biodiversity in Spatially Structured HabitatsEcology, 75
J. Connell, J. Tracey, L. Webb (1984)
Compensatory Recruitment, Growth, and Mortality as Factors Maintaining Rain Forest Tree DiversityEcological Monographs, 54
T. Givnish (1999)
On the causes of gradients in tropical tree diversityJournal of Ecology, 87
D. Janzen (1970)
Herbivores and the Number of Tree Species in Tropical ForestsThe American Naturalist, 104
S. Lewis, E. Tanner (2000)
Effects of above- and belowground competition on growth and survival of rain forest tree seedlings.Ecology, 81
C. Wills, R. Condit (1999)
Similar non–random processes maintain diversity in two tropical rainforestsProceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 266
S. Hubbell, R. Foster (1992)
Short-term dynamics of a neotropical forest: why ecological research matters to tropical conservation and managementOikos, 63
K. Bawa, S. Bullock, D. Perry, R. Coville, M. Grayum (1985)
Reproductive biology of tropical lowland rain forest trees. II: Pollination systemsAmerican Journal of Botany, 72
J. Denslow (1980)
Gap Partitioning among Tropical Rainforest TreesBiotropica, 12
J. Svenning (2008)
On the role of microenvironmental heterogeneity in the ecology and diversification of neotropical rain-forest palms (Arecaceae)The Botanical Review, 67
Ran Nathan, H. Muller‐Landau (2000)
Spatial patterns of seed dispersal, their determinants and consequences for recruitment.Trends in ecology & evolution, 15 7
N. Brown, S. Jennings, D. Newbery, H. Prins (1998)
Gap-size niche differentiation by tropical rainforest trees: a testable hypothesis or a broken-down bandwagon?
P. Chesson, N. Huntly (1997)
The Roles of Harsh and Fluctuating Conditions in the Dynamics of Ecological CommunitiesThe American Naturalist, 150
R. Condit, S. Hubbell, R. Foster (1992)
Recruitment Near Conspecific Adults and the Maintenance of Tree and Shrub Diversity in a Neotropical ForestThe American Naturalist, 140
P. Grubb (1977)
THE MAINTENANCE OF SPECIES‐RICHNESS IN PLANT COMMUNITIES: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE REGENERATION NICHEBiological Reviews, 52
A. Gentry, C. Dodson (1987)
Contribution of nontrees to species richness of a tropical rain forestBiotropica, 19
P. Sollins (1998)
FACTORS INFLUENCING SPECIES COMPOSITION IN TROPICAL LOWLAND RAIN FOREST: DOES SOIL MATTER?Ecology, 79
R. Chazdon, R. Pearcy (1991)
The Importance of Sunflecks for Forest Understory Plants Photosynthetic machinery appears adapted to brief, unpredictable periods of radiationBioScience, 41
S. Hubbell (1979)
Tree Dispersion, Abundance, and Diversity in a Tropical Dry ForestScience, 203
G. Hurtt, S. Pacala (1995)
The consequences of recruitment limitation: reconciling chance, history and competitive differences between plantsJournal of Theoretical Biology, 176
N. Brown, M. Press, D. Bebber (1999)
Growth and survivorship of dipterocarp seedlings: differences in shade persistence create a special case of dispersal limitation.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 354 1391
R. Marquis, H. Young, H. Braker (1986)
The influence of understory vegetation cover on germination and seedling establishment in a tropical lowland wet forestBiotropica, 18
Sean O'Brien, S. Hubbell, Peter Spiro, R. Condit, R. Foster (1995)
Diameter, Height, Crown, and Age Relationship in Eight Neotropical Tree SpeciesEcology, 76
A. Fedorov (1966)
The Structure of the Tropical Rain Forest and Speciation in the Humid TropicsJournal of Ecology, 54
A. Packer, K. Clay (2000)
Soil pathogens and spatial patterns of seedling mortality in a temperate treeNature, 404
M. Palmer (1994)
Variation in species richness: Towards a unification of hypothesesFolia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica, 29
Yu, Terborgh, Potts (1998)
Can high tree species richness be explained by Hubbell’s null model?Ecology Letters, 1
E. Álvarez-Buylla (1994)
Density Dependence and Patch Dynamics in Tropical Rain Forests: Matrix Models and Applications to a Tree SpeciesThe American Naturalist, 143
C. Wills, R. Condit, R. Foster, S. Hubbell (1997)
Strong density- and diversity-related effects help to maintain tree species diversity in a neotropical forest.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94 4
Olusegun Osunkjoya, J. Ash, M. Hopkins, A. Graham (1992)
Factors affecting survival of tree seedlings in North Queensland rainforestsOecologia, 91
(1986)
Biology, chance, and history and the structure of tropical rain forest tree communities. In: Diamond J, Case TJ (eds) Community ecology
S. Wright, J. Machado, S. Mulkey, ALAN Smith (1992)
Drought acclimation among tropical forest shrubs (Psychotria, Rubiaceae)Oecologia, 89
N. Pirie (1964)
Biological DiversityNature, 202
D. Roubik (1992)
11 – Loose Niches in Tropical Communities: Why Are There So Few Bees and So Many Trees?
A. Gentry (1988)
Changes in Plant Community Diversity and Floristic Composition on Environmental and Geographical GradientsAnnals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 75
M. Martínez‐Ramos (1988)
The demography of tropical trees in the context of forest gap dynamics : the case of Astrocaryum mexicanum at Los Tuxtlas tropical rain forest
(1991)
Altered patterns of herbivory and diversity in the forest understory: a case study of the possible consequences of contemporary defaunation
J. Connell, J. Connell (1971)
On the role of the natural enemies in preventing competitive exclusion in some marine animals and in rain forest trees
T. Whitmore, D. Burslem, D. Newbery, H. Prins, N. Brown (1998)
Major disturbances in tropical rainforests
S. Hendrix, P. Price, T. Lewinsohn, G. Fernandes, W. Benson (1992)
Plant--Animal Interactions: Evolutionary Ecology in Tropical and Temperate RegionsJournal of Animal Ecology, 61
G. Gilbert, D. Steven (1996)
A canker disease of seedlings and saplings of tetragastris panamensis (Burseraceae) caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea in a lowland tropical forestPlant Disease, 80
K. Momose, T. Yumoto, T. Nagamitsu, Makoto Kato, H. Nagamasu, S. Sakai, Rhett Harrison, T. Itioka, A. Hamid, Tamiji Inoue (1998)
Pollination biology in a lowland dipterocarp forest inSarawak, Malaysia. I. Characteristics of the plant-pollinator communityin a lowland dipterocarp forest.American journal of botany, 85 10
P. Grubb (1996)
Rainforest dynamics: the need for new paradigms
S. Hubbell (1997)
A unified theory of biogeography and relative species abundance and its application to tropical rain forests and coral reefsCoral Reefs, 16
D. Matos, R. Freckleton, A. Watkinson (1999)
THE ROLE OF DENSITY DEPENDENCE IN THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF A TROPICAL PALMEcology, 80
R. Condit, Peter Ashton, N. Manokaran, J. Lafrankie, Stephen Hubbell, Stephen Hubbell, R. Foster, R. Foster (1999)
Dynamics of the forest communities at Pasoh and Barro Colorado: comparing two 50-ha plots.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 354 1391
D. Coomes, P. Grubb (1998)
RESPONSES OF JUVENILE TREES TO ABOVE‐ AND BELOWGROUND COMPETITION IN NUTRIENT‐STARVED AMAZONIAN RAIN FORESTEcology, 79
J. Connell (1978)
Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs.Science, 199 4335
J. Molofsky, B. Fisher (1993)
Habitat and Predation Effects on Seedling Survival and Growth in Shade‐Tolerant Tropical TreesEcology, 74
M. Lieberman, D. Lieberman, R. Peralta, G. Hartshorn (1995)
Canopy closure and the distribution of tropical forest tree species at La Selva, Costa RicaJournal of Tropical Ecology, 11
R. Condit, S. Hubbell, R. Foster (1994)
Density Dependence in Two Understory Tree Species in a Neotropical ForestEcology, 75
R. Valencia, H. Balslev, G. C. (1994)
High tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian EcuadorBiodiversity & Conservation, 3
J. Denslow (1987)
TROPICAL RAINFOREST GAPS AND TREE SPECIES DIVERSITYAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 18
A. Newton (1999)
Dynamics of Tropical CommunitiesJournal of Applied Ecology, 36
C. Welden, S. Hewett, S. Hubbell, R. Foster (1991)
Sapling Survival, Growth, and Recruitment: Relationship to Canopy Height in a Neotropical ForestEcology, 72
H. Steege (1994)
Flooding and drought tolerance in seeds and seedlings of two Mora species segregated along a soil hydrological gradient in the tropical rain forest of GuyanaOecologia, 100
J. Svenning (1999)
Microhabitat specialization in a species‐rich palm community in Amazonian EcuadorJournal of Ecology, 87
H. Muller‐Landau, S. Wright, O. Calderón, S. Hubbell, R. Foster, D. Levey, W. Silva, M. Galetti (2002)
Assessing recruitment limitation: concepts, methods and case-studies from a tropical forest.
Da‐Yong Zhang, Kui Lin (1997)
THE EFFECTS OF COMPETITIVE ASYMMETRY ON THE RATE OF COMPETITIVE DISPLACEMENT : HOW ROBUST IS HUBBELL'S COMMUNITY DRIFT MODEL?Journal of Theoretical Biology, 188
David Clark, D. Clark, Jane Read (1998)
Edaphic variation and the mesoscale distribution of tree species in a neotropical rain forestJournal of Ecology, 86
D. Hammond, V. Brown, D. Newbery, H. Prins, N. Brown (1998)
Disturbance, phenology and life-history characteristics: factors influencing distance/density-dependent attack on tropical seeds and seedlings.
Campbell Webb, D. Peart (1999)
SEEDLING DENSITY DEPENDENCE PROMOTES COEXISTENCE OF BORNEAN RAIN FOREST TREESEcology, 80
C. Steenis (1969)
Plant speciation in Malesia, with special reference to the theory of non‐adaptive saltatory evolutionBiological Journal of The Linnean Society, 1
G. Prance (1977)
Floristic Inventory of the Tropics: Where Do We Stand?Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 64
R. Latham, R. Ricklefs, D. Schluter (1993)
Continental comparisons of temperate-zone tree species diversity.
S. Pacala, C. Canham, J. Saponara, J. Silander, R. Kobe, E. Ribbens (1996)
Forest models defined by field measurements : Estimation, error analysis and dynamicsEcological Monographs, 66
(1983)
Coevolution and pollination
He Fangliang, P. Legendre, J. Lafrankie (1997)
Distribution patterns of tree species in a Malaysian tropical rain forestJournal of Vegetation Science, 8
N. Brown, T. Whitmore (1992)
Do dipterocarp seedlings really partition tropical rain forest gapsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 335
K. Bawa (1990)
Plant-Pollinator Interactions in Tropical Rain ForestsAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 21
E. Schupp (1992)
The Janzen-Connell Model for Tropical Tree Diversity: Population Implications and the Importance of Spatial ScaleThe American Naturalist, 140
D. Hamill, S. Wright (1986)
TESTING THE DISPERSION OF JUVENILES RELATIVE TO ADULTS: A NEW ANALYTIC METHOD'Ecology, 67
C. Augspurger (1984)
Seedling Survival of Tropical Tree Species: Interactions of Dispersal Distance, Light-Gaps, and PathogensEcology, 65
E. Álvarez-Buylla, R. Garcia-Barrios, C. Lara-Moreno, M. Martínez‐Ramos (1996)
DEMOGRAPHIC AND GENETIC MODELS IN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY: Applications and Perspectives for Tropical Rain Forest Tree SpeciesAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 27
(1996)
Initial findings from Lambir: trees, soils and community dynamics
C. Horvitz, D. Schemske (1990)
Spatiotemporal Variation in Insect Mutualists of a Neotropical HerbEcology, 71
S. Wright (2007)
Plant Diversity in Tropical Forests
J. Terborgh (1973)
On the Notion of Favorableness in Plant EcologyThe American Naturalist, 107
S. Hubbell, R. Condit, R. Foster (1990)
Presence and Absence of Density Dependence in a Neotropical Tree CommunityPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 330
R. Condit, S. Hubbell, R. Foster (1995)
Mortality Rates of 205 Neotropical Tree and Shrub Species and the Impact of a Severe DroughtEcological Monographs, 65
K. Harms, S. Wright, O. Calderón, Andrés Hernández, E. Herre (2000)
Pervasive density-dependent recruitment enhances seedling diversity in a tropical forestNature, 404
D. Coomes, P. Grubb (2000)
IMPACTS OF ROOT COMPETITION IN FORESTS AND WOODLANDS: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTSEcological Monographs, 70
O. Phillips, P. Hall, A. Gentry, S. Sawyer, R. Vasquez (1994)
Dynamics and species richness of tropical rain forests.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91 7
T. Whitmore, N. Brown (1996)
Dipterocarp seedling growth in rain forest canopy gaps during six and a half yearsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 351
P. Becker, Lester Lee, E. Rothman, W. Hamilton (1985)
Seed predation and the coexistence of tree species: Hubbell's models revisited.Oikos, 44
N. Brokaw (1987)
Gap-Phase Regeneration of Three Pioneer Tree Species in a Tropical ForestJournal of Ecology, 75
T. Croat (1978)
Flora of Barro Colorado Island
H. Howe (1990)
Survival and growth of juvenile Virola surinamensis in Panama: effects of herbivory and canopy closureJournal of Tropical Ecology, 6
G. Stevens (1992)
The Elevational Gradient in Altitudinal Range: An Extension of Rapoport's Latitudinal Rule to AltitudeThe American Naturalist, 140
X. Wu, J. Mccormick, R. Busing (1999)
Growth pattern of Picea rubens prior to canopy recruitmentPlant Ecology, 140
Seasonal drought and irrigation effects on fine root dynamics in a tropical moist forest on Barro Colorado Island
Evidence concerning mechanisms hypothesized to explain species coexistence in hyper-diverse communities is reviewed for tropical forest plants. Three hypotheses receive strong support. Niche differences are evident from non-random spatial distributions along micro-topographic gradients and from a survivorship-growth tradeoff during regeneration. Host-specific pests reduce recruitment near reproductive adults (the Janzen-Connell effect), and, negative density dependence occurs over larger spatial scales among the more abundant species and may regulate their populations. A fourth hypothesis, that suppressed understory plants rarely come into competition with one another, has not been considered before and has profound implications for species coexistence. These hypotheses are mutually compatible. Infrequent competition among suppressed understory plants, niche differences, and Janzen-Connell effects may facilitate the coexistence of the many rare plant species found in tropical forests while negative density dependence regulates the few most successful and abundant species.
Oecologia – Springer Journals
Published: Jan 1, 2002
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.