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Calcium Channels, Stores, and Oscillations

Calcium Channels, Stores, and Oscillations The concentration of cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2 +J is critically importanl ) for the control of many essential cellular responses. Changes in [Ca2+] can control specialized functions like excitability, contraction, or exo· cytosis while also regulating universal cellular activities such as metabolisrr and gene expression. In most cells, elevations in [Ca2 +]j arise from Ca 2-+ entry via Ca2 + channels in the surface membrane, or Ca 2+ discharge frorr internal stores, or both. These Ca 2+ delivery systems are the subject 01 this review. Mechanisms that tend to return [Ca 2 +]j toward its low restin� value include extrusion of Ca 2+ across the surface membrane or reseques· tration by internal Ca 2+ stores. Restorative processes such as Ca2+ pump� or Na+-Ca2+ exchangers have been reviewed elsewhere (e.g. Inesi 1985. Carafoli 1987 ; Blaustein 1988 ; Schatzmann 1989). Over the last few years, knowledge about mechanisms of Ca2 + entry ane Ca 2+ discharge from intracellular Ca2 + stores has increased dramatically Patch clamp recordings and other electrical methods have provided ne.... views of Ca2+ channel activity, often at the single channel level. Ca2+ channels in internal organelles have been studied by incorporating them in artificial bilayers. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology Annual Reviews

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References (48)

Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright 1990 Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Subject
Review Articles
ISSN
1081-0706
eISSN
1530-8995
DOI
10.1146/annurev.cb.06.110190.003435
pmid
2177344
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

The concentration of cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2 +J is critically importanl ) for the control of many essential cellular responses. Changes in [Ca2+] can control specialized functions like excitability, contraction, or exo· cytosis while also regulating universal cellular activities such as metabolisrr and gene expression. In most cells, elevations in [Ca2 +]j arise from Ca 2-+ entry via Ca2 + channels in the surface membrane, or Ca 2+ discharge frorr internal stores, or both. These Ca 2+ delivery systems are the subject 01 this review. Mechanisms that tend to return [Ca 2 +]j toward its low restin� value include extrusion of Ca 2+ across the surface membrane or reseques· tration by internal Ca 2+ stores. Restorative processes such as Ca2+ pump� or Na+-Ca2+ exchangers have been reviewed elsewhere (e.g. Inesi 1985. Carafoli 1987 ; Blaustein 1988 ; Schatzmann 1989). Over the last few years, knowledge about mechanisms of Ca2 + entry ane Ca 2+ discharge from intracellular Ca2 + stores has increased dramatically Patch clamp recordings and other electrical methods have provided ne.... views of Ca2+ channel activity, often at the single channel level. Ca2+ channels in internal organelles have been studied by incorporating them in artificial bilayers.

Journal

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental BiologyAnnual Reviews

Published: Nov 1, 1990

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