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- Publisher
- Wiley
- Copyright
- Copyright © 1996 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
- ISSN
- 1549-3296
- eISSN
- 1552-4965
- DOI
- 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199603)30:3<281::AID-JBM2>3.0.CO;2-M
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Chronic osteomyelitis is one of the most serious complications of orthopedic open fracture treatment. The objective of this study was to develop a biodegradable implant coating with impregnated antibiotics as an adjunct to current therapy. We used a polylactic‐co‐glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) as the biodegradable carrier and gentamicin as the antibiotic. Our objectives were to establish elution characteristics of the antibiotic from the polymer, and determine if the coated orthopedic implants would inhibit bacterial growth in vitro. In the elution study, coated implants were incubated in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C and sampled daily for gentamicin levels. The in vitro model consisted of test tubes containing Mueller‐Hinton culture broth inoculated with 5 × 106 cfu of Staphylococcus aureus and incubated at 37°C. The implants were switched to a new set of inoculated tubes each day. Tubes were sampled for colony counting to determine bactericidal effects. Implant coatings consisted of 40 mg of gentamicin as a 20% mixture with PLGA. The elution curve showed an average level of 138 μg/mL over 15 days. This local concentration would be more than adequate to kill susceptible organisms. The in vitro study showed a significant reduction in bacterial growth in the test tubes containing coated implants. Control tubes averaged 2.5 × 108 cfu/mL of S. aureus over 24 days. Coated implant tubes averaged 0.9 cfu/mL. This was a reduction of greater than 99.999% (p < 0.0001). This study showed that a thin biodegradable implant coating can be developed with bactericidal activity against the organisms frequently associated with osteomyelitis in cases of open fractures. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Journal
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A – Wiley
Published: Mar 1, 1996