Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
J. Woodward, D. Goodstein (1996)
Biological invasions as global environmental changeAmerican Scientist, 84
J. Ruesink, I. Parker, M. Groom, P. Kareiva (1995)
Reducing the risks of nonindigenous species introductions.BioScience, 45
L. Ziska, A. Teramura, J. Sullivan (1992)
Physiological sensitivity of plants along an elevational gradient to UV-B radiationAmerican Journal of Botany, 79
C. Bennington, J. McGraw (1995)
Natural Selection and Ecotypic Differentiation in Impatiens PallidaEcological Monographs, 65
C. Bossard, J. Randall, Marc Hoshovsky (2001)
Invasive plants of California's wildlandsTaxon, 50
R. Monson, Stanley Smith, Janet Gehring, W. Bowman, S. Szarek (1992)
Physiological differentiation within an Encelia farinosa population along a short topographic gradient in the Sonoran DesertFunctional Ecology, 6
A. Bennett (1872)
The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection; or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for LifeNature, 5
J. Schmitt, S. Dudley, M. Pigliucci (1999)
Manipulative Approaches to Testing Adaptive Plasticity: Phytochrome‐Mediated Shade‐Avoidance Responses in PlantsThe American Naturalist, 154
D. Hall (1993)
Photosynthesis and production in a changing environment : a field and laboratory manual
(1948)
Experimental studies on the nature of species. III. Environmental responses of climatic races of Achillea. Publication 581. Carnegie Institute of Washington
R. Lewontin, H. Baker, G. Stebbins (1965)
Selection for colonizing abilitty.
(1965)
Chromosomal morphism in geographically widespread species of Drosophila
K. Rice, R. Mack (1991)
Ecological genetics of Bromus tectorumOecologia, 88
S. Scheiner (1993)
Genetics and Evolution of Phenotypic PlasticityAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 24
R. McFadyen, B. Skarratt (1996)
POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA (SIAM WEED) IN AUSTRALIA, AFRICA AND OCEANIAAgriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 59
J. Gurevitch (1992)
Differences in photosynthetic rate in populations of Achillea lanulosa from two altitudesFunctional Ecology, 6
J. Ehleringer, J. Ehleringer, H. Mooney, H. Mooney (2004)
Leaf hairs: Effects on physiological activity and adaptive value to a desert shrubOecologia, 37
D. Sandquist, J. Ehleringer (1998)
Intraspecific variation of drought adaptation in brittlebush: leaf pubescence and timing of leaf loss vary with rainfallOecologia, 113
Turesson Turesson (1922)
The genotypical response of the plant species to the habitat.Hereditas, 3
V. Kulshreshtha (1990)
Plant population Genetics, Breeding and Genetic ResourcesIndian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 50
Carey Smith, W. Lonsdale, J. Fortune (1999)
When to Ignore Advice: Invasion Predictions and Decision TheoryBiological Invasions, 1
J. Lawton (1998)
Conservation Biology
) and the financial assistance of a UCSC Faculty Development Award and NSF grant DEB
A. Brown, M. Clegg, A. Kahler, B. Weir (1989)
Plant Population Genetics, Breeding, and Genetic Resources
S. Barrett, B. Husband (1990)
The genetics of plant migration and colonization
R. Mack, D. Simberloff, W. Lonsdale, H. Evans, M. Clout, F. Bazzaz (2000)
BIOTIC INVASIONS: CAUSES, EPIDEMIOLOGY, GLOBAL CONSEQUENCES, AND CONTROLEcological Applications, 10
and Hiesey, H. Milner (1965)
Physiology of Ecological Races and SpeciesAnnual Review of Plant Biology, 16
M. Williamson, A. Fitter (1996)
The Varying Success of InvadersEcology, 77
A. Bradshaw (1965)
Evolutionary Significance of Phenotypic Plasticity in PlantsAdvances in Genetics, 13
S. Nissen, R. Masters, D. Lee, M. Rowe (1995)
DNA-Based Marker Systems to Determine Genetic Diversity of Weedy Species and Their Application to BiocontrolWeed Science, 43
(1985)
Invading plants: their potential contribution to population biology. Pages 127–142 in J. White, editor. Studies on plant demography: a festschrift for John L
J. Clausen, D. Keck, W. Hiesey (1940)
Effect of varied environments on western North American plants
M. Loik, T. Huxman, E. Hamerlynck, Stanley Smith (2000)
Low temperature tolerance and cold acclimation for seedlings of three Mojave Desert Yucca species exposed to elevated CO2Journal of Arid Environments, 46
(1984)
The genetical analysis of ecological traits
Rice Rice, Mack Mack (1991)
Ecological genetics of Bromus tectorum. I. A hierarchical analysis of phenotypic variation.Oecologia, 88
Charles Darwin (1930)
The Genetical Theory of Natural SelectionNature, 126
Ruesink Ruesink, Parker Parker, Groom Groom, Kareiva Kareiva (1995)
Reducing the risks of nonindigenous species introductions: guilty until proven innocent.BioScience, 45
D. Roach, R. Wulff (1987)
MATERNAL EFFECTS IN PLANTSAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 18
S. Novak, R. Mack (1993)
Genetic variation in Bromus tectorum (Poaceae): comparison between native and introduced populationsHeredity, 71
R. Snaydon (1997)
Dynamics of weed populationsAgriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 61
J. Baskin, C. Baskin (1981)
Seasonal changes in germination responses of buried seeds of Verbascum thapsus and V. blattaria and ecological implicationsBotany, 59
A. Brown (1981)
Evolutionary changes accompanying colonization in plants
Rice Rice, Mack Mack (1991)
Ecological genetics of Bromus tectorum. III. The demography of reciprocally sown populations.Oecologia, 88
B. Neuffer, H. Hurka (1999)
Colonization history and introduction dynamics of Capsella bursa‐pastoris (Brassicaceae) in North America: isozymes and quantitative traitsMolecular Ecology, 8
H. Baker (1974)
The Evolution of WeedsAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 5
B. Neuffer (1996)
RAPD ANALYSES IN COLONIAL AND ANCESTRAL POPULATIONS OF CAPSELLA BURSA-PASTORIS (L.) MED. (BRASSICACEAE)Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 24
P. Parsons (1983)
The Evolutionary Biology of Colonizing Species
F. Quinlan (1883)
The Verbascum ThapsusBritish Medical Journal, 1
S. Barrett, M. Morgan, B. Husband (1989)
THE DISSOLUTION OF A COMPLEX GENETIC POLYMORPHISM: THE EVOLUTION OF SELF‐FERTILIZATION IN TRISTYLOUS EICHHORNIA PANICULATA (PONTEDERIACEAE)Evolution, 43
George Williams, P. Kemp (1976)
Temperature relations of photosynthetic response in populations of Verbascum thapsus L.Oecologia, 25
(1995)
Aspects of the genecology of weeds. Pages 189-224 in
J. Juvik, S. Juvik (2004)
THE SPREAD AND ADAPTATION OF A TEMPERATE WEED IN THE MONTANE TROPICS
N. Jordan (1992)
Path Analysis of Local Adaptation in Two Ecotypes of the Annual Plant Diodia teres Walt. (Rubiaceae)The American Naturalist, 140
Velzy gave expert assistance in the greenhouse. Many students assisted with data collection
K. Gross, P. Werner (1978)
The biology of Canadian weeds. 28. Verbascum thapsus L. and V. blattaria L.Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 58
J. Holt, Amanda Boose (2000)
Potential for spread of Abutilon theophrasti in California, 48
R. Semenza, J. Young, R. Evans (1978)
Influence of Light and Temperature on the Germination and Seedbed Ecology of Common Mullein (Verbascum thapsus)Weed Science, 26
I. Parker, D. Simberloff, W. Lonsdale, K. Goodell, M. Wonham, P. Kareiva, M. Williamson, B. Holle, P. Moyle, J. Byers, L. Goldwasser (1999)
Impact: Toward a Framework for Understanding the Ecological Effects of InvadersBiological Invasions, 1
M. Nei, T. Maruyama, R. Chakraborty (1975)
THE BOTTLENECK EFFECT AND GENETIC VARIABILITY IN POPULATIONSEvolution, 29
E. Mayr, J. Clausen, D. Keck, W. Hiesey (1948)
Climatic Races in Plants and Animals@@@Experimental Studies on the Nature of Species. III. Environmental Responses of Climatic Races of Achillea.Evolution, 2
J. Thompson (1998)
Rapid evolution as an ecological process.Trends in ecology & evolution, 13 8
Neuffer Neuffer, Hirschle Hirschle, Jaeger Jaeger (1999)
The colonizing history of Capsella in Patagonia ( South America ): molecular and adaptive significance.Folia Geobotanica, 34
I. Kowarik, P. Pyšek, K. Prach, M. Rejmánek, M. Wade (1995)
Time lags in biological invasions with regard to the success and failure of alien species.
(1965)
The nature of colonization in birds. Pages 29-47 in
S. Novak, R. Mack, P. Soltis (1993)
Genetic variation in Bromus tectorum (Poaceae): introduction dynamics in North America.Botany, 71
Geological survey of California: botany. Welch Bigelow
C. Darwin (2019)
On the origin of species by means of natural selection: Or the preservation of the favoured races in the struggle for life.
S. Halloy, A. Mark (1996)
Comparative leaf morphology spectra of plant communities in New Zealand, the Andes and the European AlpsJournal of The Royal Society of New Zealand, 26
T. Böcher (1949)
RACIAL DIVERGENCES IN PRUNELLA VULGARIS IN RELATION TO HABITAT AND CLIMATENew Phytologist, 48
S. Cordell, Guillermo Goldstein, Dieter Mueller-Dombois, D. Webb, P. Vitousek (1998)
Physiological and morphological variation in Metrosideros polymorpha, a dominant Hawaiian tree species, along an altitudinal gradient: the role of phenotypic plasticityOecologia, 113
S. Dudley, J. Schmitt (1995)
Genetic differentiation in morphological responses to simulated foliage shade between populations of Impatiens capensis from open and woodland sites.Functional Ecology, 9
Gordon Tucker, John Ebinger (2000)
Verbascum thapsus L.
P. Körner (1999)
Alpine Plant Life
M. Pascual, C. Aquadro, Vanessa Soto, L. Serra (2001)
Microsatellite variation in colonizing and palearctic populations of Drosophila subobscura.Molecular biology and evolution, 18 5
(1985)
Genetic attributes of invading species. Pages 21–33 in
S. Barrett (1992)
Genetics of weed invasions., 67
M. Loik, J. Harte (1996)
High-temperature tolerance of Artemisia tridentata and Potentilla gracilis under a climate change manipulationOecologia, 108
(1986)
Element stewardship abstract for Verbascum thapsus, common mullein
H. Mooney, R. Hobbs (2000)
Invasive species in a changing world
Rong-Lin Wang, J. Wendel, J. Dekker (1995)
Weedy adaptation in Setaria spp. II. Genetic diversity and population genetic structure in S. glauca, S. geniculata, and S. faberii (Poaceae).American Journal of Botany, 82
J. Reinartz (1984)
Life History Variation of Common Mullein (Verbascum Thapsus): I. Latitudinal Differences in Population Dynamics and Timing of ReproductionJournal of Ecology, 72
J. Holt, M. Hoddle (2001)
Population biology of invasive species.
(1998)
Maternal environmental effects in plants: adaptive plasticity? Pages 137–158 in Maternal effects as adaptations
S. Via, R. Gomulkiewicz, G. Jong, S. Scheiner, C. Schlichting, P. Tienderen (1995)
Adaptive phenotypic plasticity: consensus and controversy.Trends in ecology & evolution, 10 5
K. Gross (1980)
Colonization by Verbascum thapsus (Mullein) of an old-field in Michigan : experiments on the effects of vegetationJournal of Ecology, 68
John Curnutt (2000)
Host-area specific climatic-matching: similarity breeds exoticsBiological Conservation, 94
S. Reichard, C. Hamilton (1997)
Predicting Invasions of Woody Plants Introduced into North AmericaConservation Biology, 11
H. Bolhár-Nordenkampf, G. Öquist (1993)
Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool in photosynthesis research
S. Donnelly, C. Lortie, L. Aarssen (1998)
Pollination in Verbascum thapsus (Scrophulariaceae): the advantage of being tall.American journal of botany, 85 11
C. Hubbs (1941)
Experimental Studies on the Nature of Species. I. Effect of Varied Environments on Western North American Plants.Jens Clausen , David D. Keck , William M. HieseyThe American Naturalist, 75
R. Huey, G. Gilchrist, M. Carlson, D. Berrigan, L. Serra (2000)
Rapid evolution of a geographic cline in size in an introduced fly.Science, 287 5451
S. Novak, R. Mack (2001)
Tracing Plant Introduction and Spread: Genetic Evidence from Bromus tectorum (Cheatgrass), 51
S. Mazer, G. LeBuhn (1999)
Genetic Variation in Life-History Traits: Heritability Estimates within and Genetic Differentiation among Populations
H. Baker (1965)
Characteristics and modes of origin of weeds.
(1959)
“Flora Europaea”Nature, 183
J. Ross (1993)
Photosynthesis and production in a changing environment; A Field and Laboratory Manual:Phytochemistry, 35
Abstract: The role of evolution in the invasion of non‐native species has important implications for conservation, weed science, risk assessment, and policy. In this paper we first discuss why an evolutionary perspective can be helpful and outline a range of potentially useful approaches from population biology and ecological genetics. As a case study, we then ask how adaptation and genetic structure may promote or constrain the expansion of an invasive weed, Verbascum thapsus, into high elevations in the Sierra Nevada of California. We used growth‐chamber and common‐garden experiments to assay a range of morphological and physiological traits that could influence plant fitness at high elevation. There was a significant relationship between elevation and leaf size and reflectance above 800 m, although we found no relationship between elevation and most other traits ( growth rate in warm or cool temperatures, freezing tolerance when grown in warm or cool temperatures, leaf number, rosette morphology, plant height ). We did see marked genetic differentiation among populations, possibly reflecting founder effects and a history of genetic drift. When we partitioned the phenotypic variance, there was almost no variation among maternal families within populations, limiting the potential for selection to act. The majority of the variance for all traits was among individuals within families, suggesting that environmental conditions strongly influenced the phenotype. Overall, the increasing success of V. thapsus at high elevations appears to conform more to Baker's concept of a general‐purpose genotype than to invasion by rapid adaptation.
Conservation Biology – Wiley
Published: Feb 1, 2003
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.