Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
C. Siddon, J. Witman (2004)
BEHAVIORAL INDIRECT INTERACTIONS: MULTIPLE PREDATOR EFFECTS AND PREY SWITCHING IN THE ROCKY SUBTIDALEcology, 85
Lars Gamfeldt, H. Hillebrand, P. Jonsson (2005)
Species richness changes across two trophic levels simultaneously affect prey and consumer biomassEcology Letters, 8
Jarrett Byrnes, J. Stachowicz, K. Hultgren, A. Hughes, S. Olyarnik, C. Thornber (2005)
Predator diversity strengthens trophic cascades in kelp forests by modifying herbivore behaviour.Ecology letters, 9 1
T. Okuyama, B. Bolker (2007)
On quantitative measures of indirect interactions.Ecology letters, 10 4
(2006)
Facilitation and interference among three predators affect 566 Oecologia
L. Pomeroy (1970)
The Strategy of Mineral CyclingAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 1
M. Posey, A. Hines (1991)
Complex Predator‐Prey Interactions within an Estuarine Benthic CommunityEcology, 72
JS Shima (2001)
Regulation of local populations of a coral reef fish via joint effects of density- and number-dependent mortalityOecologia, 126
P. Guidetti (2007)
Predator diversity and density affect levels of predation upon strongly interactive species in temperate rocky reefsOecologia, 154
J. Duffy, J. Richardson, E. Canuel (2003)
Grazer diversity effects on ecosystem functioning in seagrass bedsEcology Letters, 6
Mark Costello (1992)
Abundance and spatial overlap of gobies (Gobiidae) in Lough Hyne, IrelandEnvironmental Biology of Fishes, 33
G. Vranken, Peter Herman, Magda Vincx, C. Heip (1986)
A re-evaluation of marine nematode productivityHydrobiologia, 135
A. Sih, G. Englund, D. Wooster (1998)
Emergent impacts of multiple predators on prey.Trends in ecology & evolution, 13 9
P. Balvanera, A. Pfisterer, N. Buchmann, Jing He, T. Nakashizuka, D. Raffaelli, B. Schmid (2006)
Quantifying the evidence for biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning and services.Ecology letters, 9 10
R. Prasad, W. Snyder (2006)
Diverse trait-mediated interactions in a multi-predator, multi-prey community.Ecology, 87 5
Neo Martinez (1993)
Effect of scale on food web structure.Science, 260 5105
D. Soluk, N. Collins (1988)
Synergistic interactions between fish and stoneflies: facilitation and interference among stream predatorsOikos, 52
Jarrett Byrnes, Pamela Reynolds, J. Stachowicz (2007)
Invasions and Extinctions Reshape Coastal Marine Food WebsPLoS ONE, 2
Terrance Williams, Michelle Pepitone, Scott Christensen, B. Cooke, A. Huberman, Nicholas Breedlove, Tessa Breedlove, C. Jordan, S. Breedlove (2000)
Finger-length ratios and sexual orientationNature, 404
TW Schoener (1989)
Food webs from the small to the largeEcology, 70
D. Finke, R. Denno (2005)
Predator diversity and the functioning of ecosystems: the role of intraguild predation in dampening trophic cascadesEcology Letters, 8
D. Gascuel (2005)
The trophic-level based model: A theoretical approach of fishing effects on marine ecosystemsEcological Modelling, 189
O. Schmitz, V. Křivan, O. Ovadia (2004)
Trophic cascades : the primacy of trait-mediated indirect interactionsEcology Letters, 7
J. Gobin, R. Warwick (2006)
Geographical variation in species diversity: A comparison of marine polychaetes and nematodesJournal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 330
P. Eklöv, Tobias VanKooten (2001)
FACILITATION AMONG PISCIVOROUS PREDATORS: EFFECTS OF PREY HABITAT USEEcology, 82
J. Weis, B. Cardinale, K. Forshay, A. Ives (2007)
Effects of species diversity on community biomass production change over the course of succession.Ecology, 88 4
(2008)
Oecologia
Heather Vance-Chalcraft, D. Soluk (2005)
Multiple predator effects result in risk reduction for prey across multiple prey densitiesOecologia, 144
Mark Costello, A. Myers (1996)
Turnover of transient species as a contributor to the richness of a stable amphipod (Crustacea) fauna in a sea inletJournal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 202
R. May (1983)
Food webs.Science, 220 4594
B. Cardinale, Chad Harvey, K. Gross, A. Ives (2003)
Biodiversity and biocontrol: emergent impacts of a multi-enemy assemblage on pest suppression and crop yield in an agroecosystemEcology Letters, 6
J. Bruno, M. O’Connor (2005)
Cascading effects of predator diversity and omnivory in a marine food webEcology Letters, 8
D. DeAngelis (1980)
Energy flow, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem resilience.Ecology, 61
J. Turner (2004)
The Importance of Small Planktonic Copepods and Their Roles in Pelagic Marine Food WebsZoological Studies, 43
(1970)
The strategy of nutrient cycling
Erika Nilsson, Pia Hertonsson, M. Stenberg, J. Brodersen, K. Olsson, Patrik Stenroth, Thomas Lakowitz, C. Brönmark, Per Nyström, A. McIntosh (2006)
Facilitation and interference among three predators affect their consumption of a stream‐dwelling mayflyFreshwater Biology, 51
J. Duffy, J. Bradley, Cardinale, Kristin France, P. McIntyre, Elisa, Thébault, M. Loreau (2007)
The functional role of biodiversity in ecosystems: incorporating trophic complexity.Ecology letters, 10 6
Neo Martinez, Richard Williams, Neo Martinez (2000)
Simple rules yield complex food websNature, 404
B. Griffen (2006)
Detecting emergent effects of multiple predator speciesOecologia, 148
R. Stein, J. Magnuson (1976)
Behavioral Response of Crayfish to a Fish PredatorEcology, 57
B. Cardinale, D. Srivastava, J. Duffy, J. Wright, A. Downing, M. Sankaran, Claire Jouseau (2006)
Effects of biodiversity on the functioning of trophic groups and ecosystemsNature, 443
E. Werner, S. Peacor (2003)
A REVIEW OF TRAIT-MEDIATED INDIRECT INTERACTIONS IN ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIESEcology, 84
G. Polis, K. Winemiller (1997)
Food webs: integration of patterns and dynamicsEcology, 78
A. Underwood, M. Chapman (2006)
Early development of subtidal macrofaunal assemblages: relationships to period and timing of colonizationJournal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 330
G. Polis (1991)
Complex Trophic Interactions in Deserts: An Empirical Critique of Food-Web TheoryThe American Naturalist, 138
B. Worm, E. Barbier, Nicola Beaumont, Emmett Duffy, C. Folke, B. Halpern, J. Jackson, H. Lotze, F. Micheli, S. Palumbi, E. Sala, K. Selkoe, J. Stachowicz, R. Watson (2007)
Response to Comments on "Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services"Science, 316
P. Jolliffe (2000)
The replacement seriesJournal of Ecology, 88
S. Jennings, J. Pinnegar, N. Polunin, T. Boon (2001)
Weak cross‐species relationships between body size and trophic level belie powerful size‐based trophic structuring in fish communitiesJournal of Animal Ecology, 70
J., Timothy Wootton (1997)
ESTIMATES AND TESTS OF PER CAPITA INTERACTION STRENGTH: DIET, ABUNDANCE, AND IMPACT OF INTERTIDALLY FORAGING BIRDSEcological Monographs, 67
C. Osenberg, G. Mittelbach (1996)
The Relative Importance of Resource Limitation and Predator Limitation in Food Chains
T. Schoener (1989)
Food Webs From the Small to the Large: The Robert H. MacArthur Award LectureEcology, 70
P. Crumrine, P. Crowley (2003)
PARTITIONING COMPONENTS OF RISK REDUCTION IN A DRAGONFLY-FISH INTRAGUILD PREDATION SYSTEMEcology, 84
E. Borer, E. Seabloom, J. Shurin, K. Anderson, C. Blanchette, B. Broitman, S. Cooper, B. Halpern (2005)
WHAT DETERMINES THE STRENGTH OF A TROPHIC CASCADEEcology, 86
J. Roff, J. Turner, M. Webber, R. Hopcroft (1995)
Bacterivory by tropical copepod nauplii: extent and possible significanceAquatic Microbial Ecology, 9
B Worm, EB Barbier, N Beaumont, JE Duffy, C Folke, BS Halpern, JBC Jackson, HK Lotze, F Micheli, SR Palumbi, E Sala, KA Selkoe, JJ Stachowicz, R Watson (2006)
Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem servicesScience, 314
E. Preisser, D. Bolnick, Michael Benard (2005)
SCARED TO DEATH? THE EFFECTS OF INTIMIDATION AND CONSUMPTION IN PREDATOR–PREY INTERACTIONSEcology, 86
R. Kneib (1988)
Testing For Indirect Effects of Predation in an Intertidal Soft‐Bottom CommunityEcology, 69
Thijs Son, M. Thiel (2006)
Multiple predator effects in an intertidal food web.The Journal of animal ecology, 75 1
Kristin France, J. Duffy (2006)
Diversity and dispersal interactively affect predictability of ecosystem functionNature, 441
J. Losey, R. Denno (1998)
POSITIVE PREDATOR–PREDATOR INTERACTIONS: ENHANCED PREDATION RATES AND SYNERGISTIC SUPPRESSION OF APHID POPULATIONSEcology, 79
J. Cohen, S. Pimm, P. Yodzis, Joan Saldaña (1993)
Body sizes of animal predators and animal prey in food websJournal of Animal Ecology, 62
Richard Williams, Eric Berlow, J. Dunne, A. Barabási, Neo Martinez (2002)
Two degrees of separation in complex food websProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99
Predator diversity enhances secondary production and decreases the likelihood of trophic cascades
We manipulated the diversity of top predators in a three trophic level marine food web. The food web included four top benthic marine fish predators (black goby, rock goby, sea scorpion and shore rockling), an intermediate trophic level of small fish, and a lower trophic level of benthic invertebrates. We kept predator density constant and monitored the response of the lower trophic levels. As top predator diversity increased, secondary production increased. We also observed that in the presence of the manipulated fish predators, the density of small gobiid fish (intermediate consumers) was suppressed, releasing certain groups of benthic invertebrates (caprellid amphipods, copepods, nematodes and spirorbid worms) from heavy intermediate predation pressure. We attribute the mechanism responsible for this trophic cascade to a trait-mediated indirect interaction, with the small gobiid fish changing their use of space in response to altered predator diversity. In the absence of top fish predators, a full-blown trophic cascade occurs. Therefore the diversity of predators reduces the likelihood of trophic cascades occurring and hence provides insurance against the loss of an important ecosystem function (i.e. secondary production).
Oecologia – Springer Journals
Published: Oct 23, 2008
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.