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Regulation and function of specifier proteins in plants

Regulation and function of specifier proteins in plants Specifier proteins are responsible for the diversification of biologically active products formed upon myrosinase-catalyzed glucosinolate hydrolysis and are therefore assumed to have an impact on the defensive function of the glucosinolate–myrosinase system. Among glucosinolate hydrolysis products, the generation of epithionitriles and organic thiocyanates requires the presence of epithiospecifier protein (ESP) and thiocyanate-forming protein (TFP), respectively, while myrosinase alone is sufficient for the production of isothiocyanates. Both ESP and TFP also promote the formation of simple nitriles upon myrosinase-catalyzed glucosinolate hydrolysis. Only little is known about the biological effects of epithionitriles and thiocyanates. Moreover, simple nitriles have repeatedly been reported to be less toxic to plant pathogens and herbivorous insects than the correponding isothiocyanates. Thus, it has remained an open question how plants benefit from the presence of specifier proteins. In this review, we survey the biological effects of different types of glucosinolate hydrolysis products on insects and pathogens as well as the current knowlegde on the developmental, organ specific and stimuli-mediated regulation of specifier proteins. Integrating these findings can help us to better understand the ecological functions of plant specifier proteins as well as the co-evolution of glucosinolate-containing plants and their insect herbivores. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Phytochemistry Reviews Springer Journals

Regulation and function of specifier proteins in plants

Phytochemistry Reviews , Volume 8 (1) – Oct 30, 2008

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References (103)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 by Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Subject
Life Sciences; Chemistry/Food Science, general ; Organic Chemistry; Biochemistry, general; Plant Genetics & Genomics; Plant Sciences
ISSN
1568-7767
eISSN
1572-980X
DOI
10.1007/s11101-008-9113-5
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Specifier proteins are responsible for the diversification of biologically active products formed upon myrosinase-catalyzed glucosinolate hydrolysis and are therefore assumed to have an impact on the defensive function of the glucosinolate–myrosinase system. Among glucosinolate hydrolysis products, the generation of epithionitriles and organic thiocyanates requires the presence of epithiospecifier protein (ESP) and thiocyanate-forming protein (TFP), respectively, while myrosinase alone is sufficient for the production of isothiocyanates. Both ESP and TFP also promote the formation of simple nitriles upon myrosinase-catalyzed glucosinolate hydrolysis. Only little is known about the biological effects of epithionitriles and thiocyanates. Moreover, simple nitriles have repeatedly been reported to be less toxic to plant pathogens and herbivorous insects than the correponding isothiocyanates. Thus, it has remained an open question how plants benefit from the presence of specifier proteins. In this review, we survey the biological effects of different types of glucosinolate hydrolysis products on insects and pathogens as well as the current knowlegde on the developmental, organ specific and stimuli-mediated regulation of specifier proteins. Integrating these findings can help us to better understand the ecological functions of plant specifier proteins as well as the co-evolution of glucosinolate-containing plants and their insect herbivores.

Journal

Phytochemistry ReviewsSpringer Journals

Published: Oct 30, 2008

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