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J. Innes (1983)
SIZE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONS AS A LICHENOMETRIC TECHNIQUE: AN ASSESSMENTArctic and alpine research, 15
Gellatly Gellatly (1982)
Lichenometry as a relative age dating method in Mt Cook National ParkNew Zealand Journal of Botany, 20
Warren Warren (1993)
Recent rapid fluctuations of the calving San Rafael Glacier, Chilean Patagonia: climatic or not climatic?Geogra‐fiska Annaler, 75
Armstrong Armstrong (1977)
The response of lichen growth to transplantation to rock surfaces of different aspectNew Phytologist, 78
Innes Innes (1985)
LichenometryProgress in Physical Geography, 9
A. Pentecost (1979)
Aspect and Slope Preferences in A Saxicolous Lichen CommunityThe Lichenologist, 11
Fujiyoshi Fujiyoshi, Kondo Kondo, Inoue Inoue, Yamada Yamada (1987)
Characteristics of precipitation and vertical structure of air temperature in Northern PatagoniaBulletin of Glacier Research, 4
Benedict Benedict (1967)
Recent glacial history of an alpine area in the Colorado Front Range, U.S.A. 1: Establishing a lichen growth curveJournal of Glaciology, 7
C. Warren (1993)
Rapid recent fluctuations of the calving San Rafael Glacier, Chilean Patagonia : climatic or non-climatic?Geografiska Annaler Series A-physical Geography, 75
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J. Benedict (1968)
Recent Glacial History of an Alpine Area in the Colorado Front Range, U.S.A.: II. Dating the Glacial DepositsJournal of Glaciology, 7
J. Innes (1983)
Lichenometric dating of debris‐flow deposits in the Scottish HighlandsEarth Surface Processes and Landforms, 8
R. Beschel (1961)
Dating Rock Surfaces by Lichen Growth and its Application to Glaciology and Physiography (Lichenometry)
J. Farrar (1974)
A Method for Investigating Lichen Growth Rates and SuccessionThe Lichenologist, 6
Locke Locke, Andrews Andrews, Weber Weber (1979)
A manual for lichenometryBritish Geomorphological Research Group Technical Bulletin, 26
Winchester Winchester (1984)
A proposal for a new approach to lichenometryBritish Geomorphological Research Group Technical Bulletin, 33
Anne Gellally (1982)
Lichenometry as a relative-age dating method in Mount Cook National Park, New ZealandNew Zealand Journal of Botany, 20
L. Erikstad, J. Sollid (1986)
Neoglaciation in South Norway using lichenometric methodsNorsk Geografisk Tidsskrift-norwegian Journal of Geography, 40
P. Adlard, H. Fritts (1978)
Tree Rings and Climate.Journal of Ecology, 66
I. Henson, C. Wheeler (1977)
HORMONES IN PLANTS BEARING NITROGEN‐FIXING ROOT NODULES:New Phytologist, 78
T. Smirnova, A. Nikonov (1990)
A REVISED LICHENOMETRIC METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION DATING GREAT PAST EARTHQUAKESArctic and alpine research, 22
R. Armstrong (1977)
THE RESPONSE OF LICHEN GROWTH TO ADDITIONS OF DISTILLED WATER, RAINWATER AND WATER FROM A ROCK SURFACENew Phytologist, 79
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Estimates of Lichen Growth Rates in the Maritime AntarcticArctic and Alpine Research
Beschel Beschel (1950)
Flechten als Altersmaastab rezenter moräinenZeitschrift fũr Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 1
Lichenometry is a dating technique that has problems relating to questionable assumptions. The development of a size frequency approach, previously used in attempts to resolve some of the problems, is described and applied to the dating of four debris flows marginal to the San Rafael Glacier in Southern Chile. This study provides examples of the development's application, its problems and directions for further work. The size frequency approach, based on new assumptions, uses parameters derived from population size frequency distributions of the lichen species Placopsis patagonica to provide relative and absolute dating for rock surfaces. Changes in the shapes of distributions suggest the relative age of populations. Absolute dating is based on a curve (spanning a 24 year time period) derived from mean diameter size/age correlations. A stratified random sampling design permits the use of inferential statistics. Standard deviations and confidence intervals show error margins, the degree of relatedness between neighbouring populations, and populations that are anomalous. One‐way analysis of variance is used to indicate where populations may safely be grouped. The size frequency approach appears to be particularly suitable for use on unstable debris flows where secondary movements are common. The approach also demonstrates that lichen growth and colonization are sensitive to aspect differences and other variations in microhabitat.
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms – Wiley
Published: Mar 1, 1994
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