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calcium THOMAS E. GUNTER AND DOUGLAS R. PFEIFFER Department Biophysics, University Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642; and The Hormel Institute, University Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912 GUNTER, THOMAS E., AND DOUGLAS R. PFEIFFER. Mechanisms by which mitochondria transport calcium. Am. J. Physiol. 258 (Cell Physiol. 27): C755-C786,1990.-It has been firmly established that the rapid uptake Ca2â by mitochondria from a wide range sources is mediated by a uniporter which permits transport the ion down its electrochemical gradient. Several mechanisms Ca2â efflux from mitochondria have also been extensively discussed in the literature. Energized mitochondria must expend a significant amount energy to transport Ca2â against its electrochemical gradient from the matrix space to the external space. Two separate mechanisms have been found to mediate this outward transport: a Caââ/ nNa+ exchanger and a Naâ-independent efflux mechanism. These efflux mechanisms are considered from the perspective available energy. In addition, a reversible Ca2+-induced increase in inner membrane permeability can also occur. The induction this permeability transition is characterized by swelling the mitochondria, leakiness to small ions such as K+, membrane potential. It has Mg2+, and Caââ, and loss the mitochondrial been suggested that the permeability transition and its reversal may also function as
AJP - Cell Physiology – The American Physiological Society
Published: May 1, 1990
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