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Early life characteristics of pike, Esox lucius , in rearing ponds: temporal survival pattern and ontogenetic diet shifts

Early life characteristics of pike, Esox lucius , in rearing ponds: temporal survival pattern and... Survival, biomass and diet of pike, Esox lucius, larvae and juveniles were studied over 3 years by stocking free embryos at a density of six fish m−2 in 12 drainable outdoor ponds. The ponds were sequentially drained at six larval/juvenile developmental stages, up to a total length (T.L.) of 139 mm. The mean rate of survival at harvest decreased irregularly over time and the highest mortality rates were recorded during the early larval period (13 to 27 mm t.l.) and two intervals of the juvenile period (46 to 99 mm T.L. and 121 to 139 mm t.l.). Mean biomass increased dramatically between 46 mm T.L. (19.8 kg ha−1) and 121 mm T.L. (181.8 kg ha−1) and stabilized between 121 and 139 mm t.l. Sharp increases in the mean weight coefficient of variation were recorded during the early larval period (13 to 27 mm t.l.) and between 74 and 121 mm t.l. (development of cannibalism). Diet breadths were relatively narrow in pike larvae and reached maximum levels in 99 mm t.l. juveniles. Average‐sized pike exhibited a sequence of size‐dependent shifts from a diet composed primarily (in terms of weight) of micro‐crustaceans (at 13 mm t.l.), to chironomid larvae (at 74 to 99 mm t.l.), and finally macrocrustaceans (at 121 to 139 mm t.l.). Cannibalism was detected first among the largest fish at the 74 mm t.l. stage. Between‐year diet similarity at various developmental stages was consistently high. In 70 mm t.l. fish harvested from different ponds, we found significant among‐pond differences in diet composition; however, similar trends of diet changes in relation to fish size were observed from pond to pond. Our results are discussed in light of existing knowledge of young pike trophic ecology and current aquaculture practices. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Fish Biology Wiley

Early life characteristics of pike, Esox lucius , in rearing ponds: temporal survival pattern and ontogenetic diet shifts

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References (29)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
ISSN
0022-1112
eISSN
1095-8649
DOI
10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb05949.x
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Survival, biomass and diet of pike, Esox lucius, larvae and juveniles were studied over 3 years by stocking free embryos at a density of six fish m−2 in 12 drainable outdoor ponds. The ponds were sequentially drained at six larval/juvenile developmental stages, up to a total length (T.L.) of 139 mm. The mean rate of survival at harvest decreased irregularly over time and the highest mortality rates were recorded during the early larval period (13 to 27 mm t.l.) and two intervals of the juvenile period (46 to 99 mm T.L. and 121 to 139 mm t.l.). Mean biomass increased dramatically between 46 mm T.L. (19.8 kg ha−1) and 121 mm T.L. (181.8 kg ha−1) and stabilized between 121 and 139 mm t.l. Sharp increases in the mean weight coefficient of variation were recorded during the early larval period (13 to 27 mm t.l.) and between 74 and 121 mm t.l. (development of cannibalism). Diet breadths were relatively narrow in pike larvae and reached maximum levels in 99 mm t.l. juveniles. Average‐sized pike exhibited a sequence of size‐dependent shifts from a diet composed primarily (in terms of weight) of micro‐crustaceans (at 13 mm t.l.), to chironomid larvae (at 74 to 99 mm t.l.), and finally macrocrustaceans (at 121 to 139 mm t.l.). Cannibalism was detected first among the largest fish at the 74 mm t.l. stage. Between‐year diet similarity at various developmental stages was consistently high. In 70 mm t.l. fish harvested from different ponds, we found significant among‐pond differences in diet composition; however, similar trends of diet changes in relation to fish size were observed from pond to pond. Our results are discussed in light of existing knowledge of young pike trophic ecology and current aquaculture practices.

Journal

Journal of Fish BiologyWiley

Published: Jan 1, 1995

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