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--- ---~--~~ ------) Arr p" rpo§ ______________ ~ v lI.-o'" Biodiversity Conservation at Multiple Scales: Functional Sites, Landscapes, and Networks KAREN A. POIANI, BRIAN D. RICHTER, MARK G. ANDERSON, AND HOLLY E. RICHTER A pproaches to conservation and natural resource A FRAMEWORK FOR BIODIVERSITY ftmanagement are maturing rapidly in response to changing perceptions of biodiversity and ecological CONSERVATION BASED ON MAINTAINING systems. In past decades, biodiversity was viewed largely in terms of species richness, and the ecosystems supporting FOCAL ECOSYSTEMS, SPECIES, AND these species were seen as static and predictable (Fiedler et SUPPORTING NATURAL PROCESSES WITHIN al. 1997). Conservation activities were often aimed at hot spots rich in total species or in rare species (Noss 1987). THEIR NATURAL RANGES OF VARIABILITY Consequently, relatively smail nature preserves pro liferated through the 1970s and 1980s, as did endangered species management and recovery plans on more extensive versity throughout the United States and in selected other public lands. countries worldwide (TNC 1996). More recently, biodiversity is being viewed more expan sively, to include genes, species, populations, communities, The science of conservation biology ecosystems, and landscapes, with each level of biological The science of conservation biology has evolved from a crisis-oriented discipline focused
BioScience – Oxford University Press
Published: Feb 1, 2000
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