Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
Sophia Balcomb, C. Chapman, R. Wrangham (2000)
Relationship between chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) density and large, fleshy‐fruit tree density: Conservation implicationsAmerican Journal of Primatology, 51
(1998)
Consecuencias demograficas para Inga ingoides ( Mimusoideae ) por la perdida de Ateles paniscus ( Cebidae ) , uno de sus dispersores de semillas
J. Kingdon (1997)
The Kingdon field guide to African mammals
D. Janzen, P. Martin (1982)
Neotropical Anachronisms: The Fruits the Gomphotheres AteScience, 215
D. Wenny (2000)
SEED DISPERSAL, SEED PREDATION, AND SEEDLING RECRUITMENT OF A NEOTROPICAL MONTANE TREEEcological Monographs, 70
G. Houle (1995)
Seed dispersal and seedling recruitment: The missing link(s)Ecoscience, 2
C. Chapman (1989)
Primate Seed Dispersal: The Fate of Dispersed Seeds1Biotropica, 21
J. Fragoso (1997)
TAPIR-GENERATED SEED SHADOWS : SCALE-DEPENDENT PATCHINESS IN THE AMAZON RAIN FORESTJournal of Ecology, 85
E. Ranta, H. Rita, M. Crawley (1994)
GLIM for EcologistsJournal of Animal Ecology, 63
C. Herrera, P. Jordano, L. López-Soria, J. Amat (1994)
Recruitment of a Mast‐Fruiting, Bird‐Dispersed Tree: Bridging Frugivore Activity and Seedling EstablishmentEcological Monographs, 64
Chin Sun, A. Ives, Hans Kraeuter, T. Moermond (1997)
Effectiveness of three turacos as seed dispersers in a tropical montane forestOecologia, 112
P. Jordano (2000)
Fruits and Frugivory
E. Schupp (1990)
Annual Variation in Seedfall, Postdispersal Predation, and Recruitment of a Neotropical TreeEcology, 71
E. Schupp (1993)
Quantity, quality and the effectiveness of seed dispersal by animalsVegetatio, 107
H. Howe (1989)
Scatter-and clump-dispersal and seedling demography: hypothesis and implicationsOecologia, 79
C. Chapman, Daphne Onderdonk (1998)
Forests without primates: Primate/plant codependencyAmerican Journal of Primatology, 45
A. Agresti (1990)
An introduction to categorical data analysis
C. Chapman, Sophia Balcomb, T. Gillespie, J. Skorupa, T. Struhsaker (2000)
Long‐Term Effects of Logging on African Primate Communities: a 28‐Year Comparison From Kibale National Park, UgandaConservation Biology, 14
T. Engel (2000)
Seed dispersal and forest regeneration in a tropical lowland biocoenosis (Shimba Hills, Kenya.
S. Wright, H. Zeballos, Iván Domínguez, Marina Gallardo, M. Moreno, R. Ibáñez (2000)
Poachers Alter Mammal Abundance, Seed Dispersal, and Seed Predation in a Neotropical ForestConservation Biology, 14
M. Willson (1988)
Spatial heterogeneity of post‐dispersal survivorship of Queensland rainforest seedsAustral Ecology, 13
C. Chapman, J. Lambert (2000)
Habitat alteration and the conservation of African primates: Case study of Kibale National Park, UgandaAmerican Journal of Primatology, 50
V. Shepherd, C. Chapman (1998)
Dung beetles as secondary seed dispersers: impact on seed predation and germinationJournal of Tropical Ecology, 14
J. Lambert, P. Garber (1998)
Evolutionary and ecological implications of primate seed dispersal.American journal of primatology, 45 1
P. Jordano, C. Herrera (1995)
Shuffling the offspring: Uncoupling and spatial discordance of multiple stages in vertebrate seed dispersalEcoscience, 2
G. Houle, M. Mckenna, L. Lapointe (2001)
Spatiotemporal dynamics of Floerkea proserpinacoides (Limnanthaceae), an annual plant of the deciduous forest of eastern North America.American journal of botany, 88 4
C. Augspurger (1983)
Offspring recruitment around tropical trees: changes in cohort distance with timeOikos, 40
M. Willson, C. Whelan (1990)
Variation in postdispersal survival of vertebrate-dispersed seeds: effects of density, habitat, location, season, and speciesOikos, 57
R. Hunt (1983)
Plant Growth Curves: The Functional Approach to Plant Growth Analysis
J. Lambert (1997)
Digestive Strategies, Fruit Processing, and Seed Dispersal in the Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes) and Redtail Monkeys (Cercopithecus Ascanius) of Kibale National Park, Uganda
G. Pendje (1994)
La frugivorie de Civettictis civetta (Schreiber) et son rôle dans la dispersion des graines au MayombeRevue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie)
A. Barr (1979)
SAS user's guide
Henry Howe, J. Smallwood (1982)
Ecology of Seed DispersalAnnual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 13
C. Chapman, L. Fedigan, L. Fedigan (1988)
A comparison of transect methods of estimating population densities of costa rican primates
E. Schupp (1988)
Factors affecting post-dispersal seed survival in a tropical forestOecologia, 76
P. Rey, J. Alcántara (2000)
Recruitment dynamics of a fleshy‐fruited plant (Olea europaea): connecting patterns of seed dispersal to seedling establishmentJournal of Ecology, 88
P. Forget, T. Milleron, F. Feer (1998)
Patterns in post-dispersal seed removal by neotropical rodents and seed fate in relation to seed size
L. Chapman, C. Chapman, R. Wrangham (1992)
Balanites wilsoniana: elephant dependent dispersal?Journal of Tropical Ecology, 8
C. Chapman, L. Chapman, R. Wrangham, G. Isabirye-Basuta, K. Ben-David (1997)
Spatial and temporal variability in the structure of a tropical forestAfrican Journal of Ecology, 35
N. Seavy, C. Apodaca, Sophia Balcomb (2001)
Associations of Crested Guineafowl Guttera pucherani and monkeys in Kibale National Park, UgandaIbis, 143
George Whitesides, J. Oates, S. Green, R. Kluberdanz (1988)
Estimating Primate Densities from Transects in a West African Rain Forest: A Comparison of TechniquesJournal of Animal Ecology, 57
T. Struhsaker (1999)
Ecology of an African Rain Forest: Logging in Kibale and the Conflict Between Conservation and Exploitation
G. Houle (1998)
SEED DISPERSAL AND SEEDLING RECRUITMENT OF BETULA ALLEGHANIENSIS: SPATIAL INCONSISTENCY IN TIMEEcology, 79
E. Schupp, Marcelino Fuentes (1995)
Spatial patterns of seed dispersal and the unification of plant population ecologyEcoscience, 2
G. Dubost (1984)
Comparison of the Diets of Frugivorous Forest Ruminants of GabonJournal of Mammalogy, 65
Joanna Lambert, Joanna Lambert (1999)
Seed handling in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and redtail monkeys (Cercopithecus ascanius): implications for understanding hominoid and cercopithecine fruit-processing strategies and seed dispersal.American journal of physical anthropology, 109 3
M. Crawley (2000)
Seed predators and plant population dynamics.
J. Connell, P. Green (2000)
SEEDLING DYNAMICS OVER THIRTY-TWO YEARS IN A TROPICAL RAIN FOREST TREEEcology, 81
J. Clark, B. Beckage, P. Camill, B. Cleveland, J. HilleRisLambers, J. Lichter, J. McLachlan, J. Mohan, P. Wyckoff (1999)
Interpreting recruitment limitation in forests.American journal of botany, 86 1
S. Barot, J. Gignoux, J. Menaut (1999)
DEMOGRAPHY OF A SAVANNA PALM TREE: PREDICTIONS FROM COMPREHENSIVE SPATIAL PATTERN ANALYSESEcology, 80
R. Wrangham, C. Chapman, L. Chapman (1994)
Seed dispersal by forest chimpanzees in UgandaJournal of Tropical Ecology, 10
Frugivores are thought to influence plant recruitment by creating initial seed deposition templates. However, post-deposition processes (e.g., predation) may obscure these initial patterns. Few studies have examined successive life-history stages of animal-dispersed plants to evaluate how initial frugivore seed deposition influences early life stages of plant recruitment. We addressed this issue by quantifying seed removal and seedling recruitment of Monodora myristica (Annonaceae), a tropical, low-fecundity, forest tree in Kibale National Park, Uganda. Fruit morphology suggests that this species is dispersed by only the largest arboreal frugivores. We determined which frugivores removed fruit during focal tree watches and quantified seed fate in experiments designed to mimic natural deposition. We estimated stage-specific transition probabilities of survivorship to seedling establishment and determined expected seedling recruitment from each deposition condition. To evaluate spatial and temporal variation, these methods were conducted at two sites, 15 km apart, over two years. Finally, we compared frugivore abundance between sites to expected seedling and standing seedling, sapling, and pole abundances. We found that large-bodied primates were critical for seed dispersal. They were the only frugivores that opened the hard-husked fruits and were estimated to disperse >85%% of mature seeds. Seeds placed away from parents had higher germination and establishment probabilities than those under parents, indicating that seed dispersal is advantageous. Single seeds away from parents (mimicking small-bodied primate seed spitting) had the highest cumulative seedling recruitment probability. However, in three of four site-by-year combinations, 86––94%% of estimated recruits came from seeds placed in clumps in dung (mimicking large-bodied primates). High recruitment in the latter condition is due to the large number of seeds estimated to be deposited by large-bodied primates. Despite this concordance, germination and establishment probabilities were highly variable between sites and years. Germination was a limiting step in recruitment, and high seed mortality from beetles and rodents indicates the importance of predation. The site with higher frugivorous primate abundance had higher standing seedling abundance, but lower expected seedling recruitment and lower sapling and pole abundances. Thus, even in a system where frugivores are critical for dispersal, spatial and temporal variation in post-deposition processes reduces predictability of frugivore actions on seedling recruitment. Corresponding Editor: E. S. Menges
Ecological Monographs – Ecological Society of America
Published: Nov 1, 2003
Keywords: frugivory ; Kibale National Park ; primates ; seed dispersal ; seed predation ; seedling recruitment ; tropical forest dynamics ; Uganda
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.