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Regulation of cellular glutathione

Regulation of cellular glutathione SUSAN M. DENEKE New England Medical AND BARRY L. FANBURG Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 DENEKE, SUSANM., AND BARRY L. FANBURG.Regulation of cellular glutathione. Am. J. Physiol. 257 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 1): Ll63-L173, 1989.-In addition to its participation in a variety of other biochemical reactions, glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant. It is regularly generated intracellularly from its oxidized form by glutathione reductase activity that is coupled with a series of interrelated reactions. Synthesis of GSH also takes place intracellularly by a two-step reaction, the first of which is catalyzed by rate-limiting y-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity. Intracellular substrates for GSH are provided both by direct amino acid transport and by a y-glutamyl transpeptidase reaction that salvages circulating GSH by coupling the y-glutamyl moiety to a suitable amino acid acceptor for transport into the cell. Although the liver is a net synthesizer of circulating GSH, organs such as the kidney salvage GSH through the y-glutamyl transpeptidase reaction. Intracellular GSH may be consumed by GSH transferase reactions that conjugate GSH with certain xenobiotics. Elevation of cellular GSH levels in cultured cells in response to hyperoxia or electrophilic agents such as diethylmaleate is coupled with an http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png AJP - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology The American Physiological Society

Regulation of cellular glutathione

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Publisher
The American Physiological Society
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 the American Physiological Society
ISSN
1040-0605
eISSN
1522-1504
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Abstract

SUSAN M. DENEKE New England Medical AND BARRY L. FANBURG Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 DENEKE, SUSANM., AND BARRY L. FANBURG.Regulation of cellular glutathione. Am. J. Physiol. 257 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 1): Ll63-L173, 1989.-In addition to its participation in a variety of other biochemical reactions, glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant. It is regularly generated intracellularly from its oxidized form by glutathione reductase activity that is coupled with a series of interrelated reactions. Synthesis of GSH also takes place intracellularly by a two-step reaction, the first of which is catalyzed by rate-limiting y-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity. Intracellular substrates for GSH are provided both by direct amino acid transport and by a y-glutamyl transpeptidase reaction that salvages circulating GSH by coupling the y-glutamyl moiety to a suitable amino acid acceptor for transport into the cell. Although the liver is a net synthesizer of circulating GSH, organs such as the kidney salvage GSH through the y-glutamyl transpeptidase reaction. Intracellular GSH may be consumed by GSH transferase reactions that conjugate GSH with certain xenobiotics. Elevation of cellular GSH levels in cultured cells in response to hyperoxia or electrophilic agents such as diethylmaleate is coupled with an

Journal

AJP - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology – The American Physiological Society

Published: Oct 1, 1989

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