Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Predicting Melt Formation and Agglomeration in Fluidized Bed Combustors by Equilibrium Calculations

Predicting Melt Formation and Agglomeration in Fluidized Bed Combustors by Equilibrium Calculations Thermal valorization of biomass or waste in a fluidized bed combustor may result in agglomeration of the bed material, coated with ash, potentially causing defluidization. In this paper, the causes of agglomeration for various fuels are critically reviewed, based on thermodynamic grounds. It is shown that even for phosphorus rich biomass types, in most cases the largest melt phase consists of alkali silicates: Ca phosphates are formed instead of Ca silicates, leading to lower melting points in the CaO–K2O–SiO2 system. Although thermodynamic optimization of the four main ash forming elements (K, Ca, Si and P) only provides an estimate of the amount of melt phase, it is shown that for various fuels the agglomeration behavior can be explained consistent with experimental findings from literature. As a consequence, for most biomass and waste types a similar thermodynamic estimation can be made to predict agglomeration problems and incorporate countermeasures in the design and operation of the fluidized bed combustor. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Waste and Biomass Valorization Springer Journals

Predicting Melt Formation and Agglomeration in Fluidized Bed Combustors by Equilibrium Calculations

Download PDF
14 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/springer-journals/predicting-melt-formation-and-agglomeration-in-fluidized-bed-QN9wbLb9ts

References (82)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2013 by Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Subject
Engineering; Engineering, general; Environment, general; Renewable and Green Energy; Industrial Pollution Prevention; Waste Management/Waste Technology; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
ISSN
1877-2641
eISSN
1877-265X
DOI
10.1007/s12649-013-9285-0
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Thermal valorization of biomass or waste in a fluidized bed combustor may result in agglomeration of the bed material, coated with ash, potentially causing defluidization. In this paper, the causes of agglomeration for various fuels are critically reviewed, based on thermodynamic grounds. It is shown that even for phosphorus rich biomass types, in most cases the largest melt phase consists of alkali silicates: Ca phosphates are formed instead of Ca silicates, leading to lower melting points in the CaO–K2O–SiO2 system. Although thermodynamic optimization of the four main ash forming elements (K, Ca, Si and P) only provides an estimate of the amount of melt phase, it is shown that for various fuels the agglomeration behavior can be explained consistent with experimental findings from literature. As a consequence, for most biomass and waste types a similar thermodynamic estimation can be made to predict agglomeration problems and incorporate countermeasures in the design and operation of the fluidized bed combustor.

Journal

Waste and Biomass Valorization – Springer Journals

Published: Dec 14, 2013

There are no references for this article.