Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Herbivores and the Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Herbivores and the Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems Herbivores are taxonomically and ecologically diverse, ranging in size from microscopic zooplankton to the largest of land vertebrates. Aquatic grazers include zooplankton (28 , 182) , larger invertebrates such as snails, insects, and crayfish, and vertebrates such as waterfowl, tadpoles, fish, muskrats, and moose ( 1 1 , 27, 73, 1 15, 162, 1 63). Insects and mammals are the most conspicuous terrestrial herbivores (2, 46-49 , 125) , but nematodes (20), crustaceans ( 1 52), molluscs (78) , birds, and reptiles (69) can also be signifi­ cant. Marine ecosystems are grazed primarily by crustaceans (57, 79, 1 12 , 143), molluscs ( 1 5 , 126), fish (83 , 84, 92), echinoderms (24, 2 5 , 65), and a few insects ( 170) , reptiles and mammals ( 123, 185). These herbivores affect plant communities in many ways. Feeding selectiv­ ity and feeding modes are highly varied; the terrestrial insect herbivores alone include phloem and xylem feeders, root grazers, gall formers, and folivores that mine, chew, roll, rasp, or pit leaves ( 1 94). Herbivores may select among plant parts, individuals, species, patches, and portions of landscapes (7 , 5 5 , 8 3 , 95 , http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Annual Reviews

Herbivores and the Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Download PDF
27 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/annual-reviews/herbivores-and-the-dynamics-of-communities-and-ecosystems-Mbkq5azOxb

References

References for this paper are not available at this time. We will be adding them shortly, thank you for your patience.

Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright 1991 Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Subject
Review Articles
ISSN
0066-4162
DOI
10.1146/annurev.es.22.110191.002401
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Herbivores are taxonomically and ecologically diverse, ranging in size from microscopic zooplankton to the largest of land vertebrates. Aquatic grazers include zooplankton (28 , 182) , larger invertebrates such as snails, insects, and crayfish, and vertebrates such as waterfowl, tadpoles, fish, muskrats, and moose ( 1 1 , 27, 73, 1 15, 162, 1 63). Insects and mammals are the most conspicuous terrestrial herbivores (2, 46-49 , 125) , but nematodes (20), crustaceans ( 1 52), molluscs (78) , birds, and reptiles (69) can also be signifi­ cant. Marine ecosystems are grazed primarily by crustaceans (57, 79, 1 12 , 143), molluscs ( 1 5 , 126), fish (83 , 84, 92), echinoderms (24, 2 5 , 65), and a few insects ( 170) , reptiles and mammals ( 123, 185). These herbivores affect plant communities in many ways. Feeding selectiv­ ity and feeding modes are highly varied; the terrestrial insect herbivores alone include phloem and xylem feeders, root grazers, gall formers, and folivores that mine, chew, roll, rasp, or pit leaves ( 1 94). Herbivores may select among plant parts, individuals, species, patches, and portions of landscapes (7 , 5 5 , 8 3 , 95 ,

Journal

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics – Annual Reviews

Published: Nov 1, 1991

There are no references for this article.