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Henrik Andrén, Per Anglestam (1988)
Elevated Predation Rates as an Edge Effect in Habitat Islands: Experimental evidenceEcology
R. Fuller (1987)
The changing extent and conservation interest of lowland grasslands in England and Wales: A review of grassland surveys 1930–1984Biological Conservation, 40
S. Parr (1994)
Population changes of breeding Hobbies Falco subbuteo in BritainBird Study, 41
M. Shrubb, P. Lack, J. Greenwood (1991)
The numbers and distribution of Lapwings V. vanellus nesting in England and Wales in 1987Bird Study, 38
P. Geissler, B. Noon (1981)
Estimates of avian population trends from the North American Breeding Bird Survey
L. Taylor, R. O’Connor, M. Shrubb (1987)
Farming and Birds
David Parker, T. Legg, C. Folland (1992)
A NEW DAILY CENTRAL ENGLAND TEMPERATURE SERIES
G. Busche (1989)
Drastic decrease in the population of the skylark alauda arvensis in pastures and meadows in schleswig holstein west germany, 110
A. Sugden, G. Rands (1990)
The ecology of temperate cereal fieldsTrends in Ecology and Evolution, 5
M. Scott (1988)
The Impact of Infection and Disease on Animal Populations: Implications for Conservation BiologyConservation Biology, 2
T. Stowe, A. Newton, R. Green, E. Mayes (1993)
The Decline of the Corncrake Crex crex in Britain and Ireland in Relation to Habitat ChangeJournal of Applied Ecology, 30
F. Knopf (1994)
Avian assemblages on altered grasslandsStudies in avian biology, 15
D. Parker, T. Legg, C. Folland (1992)
A new daily central England temperature series, 1772–1991International Journal of Climatology, 12
H. Crick, C. Dudley, A. Evans, Ken Smith (1994)
Causes of nest failure among buntings in the UKBird Study, 41
M. Rands (1985)
Pesticide use on cereals and the survival of grey partridge chicks: a field experimentJournal of Applied Ecology, 22
M. O’Brien, Ken Smith (1992)
Changes in the status of waders breeding on wet lowland grasslands in England and Wales between 1982 and 1989Bird Study, 39
J. Chapman, D. Grigg (1990)
English Agriculture: An Historical PerspectiveThe Geographical Journal, 156
S. Moreby, N. Aebischer, S. Southway, N. Sotherton (1994)
A comparison of the flora and arthropod fauna of organically and conventionally grown winter wheat in southern EnglandAnnals of Applied Biology, 125
P. Donald, A. Evans (1994)
Habitat selection by Corn Buntings Miliaria calandra in winterBird Study, 41
A. Evans, Ken Smith (1994)
Habitat selection of Cirl Buntings Emberiza cirlus wintering in BritainBird Study, 41
W. Wingerden, A. Kreveld, W. Bongers (1992)
Analysis of species composition and abundance of grasshoppers (Orth., Acrididae) in natural and fertilized grasslandsJournal of Applied Entomology, 113
J. Suhonen, K. Norrdahl, E. Korpimäki (1994)
AVIAN PREDATION RISK MODIFIES BREEDING BIRD COMMUNITY ON A FARMLAND AREAEcology, 75
J. Sharrock (1980)
The Atlas of Breeding Birds in Britain and Ireland
G. Tucker (1992)
Effects of agricultural practices on field use by invertebrate-feeding birds in winterJournal of Applied Ecology, 29
G. Jones (1993)
The new atlas of breeding birds in Britain and Ireland 1988-1991
We used extensive atlas and census data to assess trends in the distribution and population levels of birds on lowland farmland in Britain between the late 1960s and early 1990s. Many species of farmland birds have become less widespread or have declined in numbers, or both, but few have become more wide‐spread or have increased. Of the 28 species classified as farmland birds the distributions of 24 contracted between 1970 and 1990. Of the 18 farmland species for which it was possible to assess population change, 15 were less abundant in 1990 than in 1970. Seven of the species were estimated to have undergone population decreases of at least 50%. Farmland species showing the largest population declines tended also to show substantial range contractions. Farmland species underwent an appreciably larger contraction of distribution than species associated with any other habitat. Furthermore, farmland species tended to decrease in abundance, whereas woodland species tended to increase. Population declines among farmland birds became evident in the mid‐ to late 1970s, a period when several fundamental changes were taking place in British agricultural practices. These included a great reduction in the spring sowing of cereals, a simplification of crop rotations, increased use of chemical pesticides and inorganic fertilizers, and more‐intensive grassland management. We suggest that the declines of farmland bird species have been caused or aggravated by this pervasive intensification of agriculture. Existing research on declining farmland birds, however, indicates that there is no single mechanism underlying the population changes. We identify priorities for research, focusing mainly on relationships between bird populations and agricultural practices, but we also recognize a need for a better understanding of the role of predation.
Conservation Biology – Wiley
Published: Dec 1, 1995
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