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PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM-MODULATED PROTEINS The principal targets of calcium signals in eukaryotes are members of a calcium-binding protein family known as the calcium-modulated proteins. As recently reviewed by Moncrief et al ( l 1 8) , over different calcium modulated proteins have been characterized. This diversity of calcium recep tors reflects the specialized structural and functional features required to carry out the myriad of calcium-dependent cellular responses. The common feature present in all of these proteins are calcium-binding domain known as the EF hand (reviewed in 2-8 copies of a specialized helix-loop-helix 1 1 8 and 175). The structural properties of the EF-hand domain allow calcium-modulated proteins to bind calcium reversibly with dissociation constants in the micro molar to submicromolar range. Additionally, calcium binding to these pro teins stimulates a change in conformation resulting in a change in activity. These features allow the calcium-modulated proteins to sense and respond to the small, transient changes in intracellular calcium concentration (e.g. cations such as Mg2+ and K I ⢠1 0-7 -6 M in plant cells; 1 97) against a high background concentration of other to 10 Most of the calcium-modulated proteins described to date have been iso lated from
Annual Review of Plant Biology – Annual Reviews
Published: Jun 1, 1992
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