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Bose–Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Gas: The First 70 Years and some Recent Experiments (Nobel Lecture)

Bose–Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Gas: The First 70 Years and some Recent Experiments (Nobel... Bose–Einstein condensates of dilute gases offer a rich field to study fundamental quantum‐mechanical processes, manipulation of the speed at which light propagates, observation of atomic pair‐formation and superfluidity, or even simulating white dwarf stars. Still more radical applications are on the horizon. However, their initial creation was a masterpiece of experimental physics. After an initial process of laser cooling (which itself won its developers the 1997 Nobel Prize), atoms in a magnetic–optical trap must be safely transfered into a purely magnetic trap, where the condensation process begins at 170 nK and by 20 nK a pure condensate of 2000 atoms could be created. More astonishingly, Wieman and Cornell showed these low temperatures could be achieved in “bench scale” equipment rather than the massive pieces normally demanded by cryoscience. For their 1995 discovery of this new state of matter, they were awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png ChemPhysChem Wiley

Bose–Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Gas: The First 70 Years and some Recent Experiments (Nobel Lecture)

Cornell, Eric A.; Wieman, Carl E.
ChemPhysChem , Volume 3 (6) – Jun 17, 2002
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References (89)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2002 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, Fed. Rep. of Germany
ISSN
1439-4235
eISSN
1439-7641
DOI
10.1002/1439-7641(20020617)3:6<476::AID-CPHC476>3.0.CO;2-V
pmid
12465486
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Bose–Einstein condensates of dilute gases offer a rich field to study fundamental quantum‐mechanical processes, manipulation of the speed at which light propagates, observation of atomic pair‐formation and superfluidity, or even simulating white dwarf stars. Still more radical applications are on the horizon. However, their initial creation was a masterpiece of experimental physics. After an initial process of laser cooling (which itself won its developers the 1997 Nobel Prize), atoms in a magnetic–optical trap must be safely transfered into a purely magnetic trap, where the condensation process begins at 170 nK and by 20 nK a pure condensate of 2000 atoms could be created. More astonishingly, Wieman and Cornell showed these low temperatures could be achieved in “bench scale” equipment rather than the massive pieces normally demanded by cryoscience. For their 1995 discovery of this new state of matter, they were awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Journal

ChemPhysChem – Wiley

Published: Jun 17, 2002

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