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Chemotaxis of skeletal muscle satellite cells

Chemotaxis of skeletal muscle satellite cells Migration of myogenic cells occurs extensively during both embryogenesis and regeneration of skeletal muscle and is important in myoblast gene therapy, but little is known about factors that promote chemotaxis of these cells. We have used satellite cells from adult rats purified by Percoll density gradient centrifugation to test growth factors and wound fluids for chemotactic activity in blind‐well Boyden chambers. Of a variety of growth factors tested only hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) exhibited significant chemotactic activity. The dose‐response curves for both of these factors was bell‐shaped with maximum activity in the 1–10 ng/ml range. Checkerboard analysis of TGF‐β showed that chemotaxis occurred only in response to a positive concentration gradient. An extract of rat platelets also exhibited chemotactic activity for satellite cells. Half‐maximal activity of this material was about 3 μg/ml, and there was no evidence of inhibition of migration at high concentrations. Checkerboard analysis of platelet extract exhibited evidence of both chemotaxis and chemokinesis, or increase in random motility of cells. Inhibition experiments showed that most, but not all, of the chemotactic activity in platelet extract could be blocked with a neutralizing antibody to TGF‐β. A saline extract of crushed muscle was found to contain both mitogenic and motogenic factors for satellite cells. The two activities were present in different fractions after heparin affinity chromatography. We propose that the proliferation and migration of satellite cells during regeneration is regulated by overlapping gradients of several effector molecules released at the site of muscle injury. These molecules may also be useful for enhancing the dispersion of injected myoblasts during gene therapy. Dev. Dyn. 208:505–515, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Developmental Dynamics Wiley

Chemotaxis of skeletal muscle satellite cells

Bischoff, Richard
Developmental Dynamics , Volume 208 (4) – Apr 1, 1997
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References (82)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ISSN
1058-8388
eISSN
1097-0177
DOI
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0177(199704)208:4<505::AID-AJA6>3.0.CO;2-M
pmid
9097022
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Migration of myogenic cells occurs extensively during both embryogenesis and regeneration of skeletal muscle and is important in myoblast gene therapy, but little is known about factors that promote chemotaxis of these cells. We have used satellite cells from adult rats purified by Percoll density gradient centrifugation to test growth factors and wound fluids for chemotactic activity in blind‐well Boyden chambers. Of a variety of growth factors tested only hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) exhibited significant chemotactic activity. The dose‐response curves for both of these factors was bell‐shaped with maximum activity in the 1–10 ng/ml range. Checkerboard analysis of TGF‐β showed that chemotaxis occurred only in response to a positive concentration gradient. An extract of rat platelets also exhibited chemotactic activity for satellite cells. Half‐maximal activity of this material was about 3 μg/ml, and there was no evidence of inhibition of migration at high concentrations. Checkerboard analysis of platelet extract exhibited evidence of both chemotaxis and chemokinesis, or increase in random motility of cells. Inhibition experiments showed that most, but not all, of the chemotactic activity in platelet extract could be blocked with a neutralizing antibody to TGF‐β. A saline extract of crushed muscle was found to contain both mitogenic and motogenic factors for satellite cells. The two activities were present in different fractions after heparin affinity chromatography. We propose that the proliferation and migration of satellite cells during regeneration is regulated by overlapping gradients of several effector molecules released at the site of muscle injury. These molecules may also be useful for enhancing the dispersion of injected myoblasts during gene therapy. Dev. Dyn. 208:505–515, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Journal

Developmental Dynamics – Wiley

Published: Apr 1, 1997

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