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I. INTRODUCTION On 9 December 2001, the engineer Igor' N. Smirnov was reelected for a third time as 'President' of the 'Transdniestrian Moldovan Republic' (Pridnestrovskaja Moldavskaja Respublika, TMR).' Smimov, an ethnic Russian from the Kamcatka Peninsula, i.e. from the opposite end of the former Soviet Union, received his education in Celjabinsk in the Southern Ural. For his career, he then moved to a plant for electric motors near Cherson in South Ukraine,2 and in November 1987, took up the position of executive director of the industrial plant Elektromas in Tiraspol' (Tiraspol)3 - then the second largest city of the Moldovan Socialist Soviet Republic (MSSR) and today the `capital' of the TMR. Most of the members of the TMR leadership have `all-union' biographies similar to Smimov's.They made their careers in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the Soviet Intelligence Service (KGB), the army, state bureaucracy or the planned economy in the empire between the Pacific Ocean and the Black Sea, and were taken by surprise by the implosion of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) while being positioned in Tiraspol' or one of the other industrial and russophone cities in the Dniester Valley such as Bendery (Tighina)
European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2002
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