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132 institutionalized measures from agreements to strikes and organizational forms (trade unions). But until recently their influence upon the state has been insignificant as the state hedges itself with administrative, ideological and political institutions. As in Hungary, economic administrative bodies are a little more receptive to opi- nions "from below" (directors of enterprises). And this Hungarian phenomenon deserves special attention. There is a rotation of managerial staff between executive and administrative bodies (enterprises and ministries). By this means, a certain feed- back which is necessary for any managerial control to be effective may be maintained. As a whole, Hungarian reforms represent a very interesting model of a socialist economy in a period of transition. It is clear that it is impossible to make this transition from a strictly regulated economy to a market one within a year or two. But Hungarian reforms are the most logical and advanced when compared to those in Yugoslavia, Poland or the Soviet Union. This book is a very significant contribution to Soviet and Eastern European studies. It makes it possible to understand the evolutionary process of socialist economies. However, the author has not given a general definition of what a socialist economy
International Journal of Comparative Sociology (in 2002 continued as Comparative Sociology) – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 1990
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