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Electronic Monitoring in Europe European Journal of Crime, 2004 – 1 Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 36 European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, Vol. 12/1, 36–45, 2004 © Koninklijke Brill NV. Printed in the Netherlands. Rita Haverkamp, Markus Mayer, René Lévy Electronic Monitoring in Europe During the last decade most industrial societies in Western Europe have found them- selves burdened with overcrowded prisons and limited financial resources. More repressive crime policies led to the sentencing of longer prison sentences for violent, drug and sexual offenders. Restrictive reforms concerning parole, aggravations in sentencing and categorization caused increases in the time actually spent in prison for many inmates. Nearly all countries opting to use electronic monitoring have these conditions in common. Within this context, electronic monitoring can be seen as one of the most promising alternatives to incarceration specifically adopted for the relief of the problem of overcrowding. Electronic monitoring was already in use in many Western European countries at the beginning of the new century. Projects using electronic monitoring are well-es- tablished in the penal and correctional systems in England, Sweden and the Netherlands. Pilot projects can be observed in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Por- tugal,
European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2004
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