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By JOHN W. DRAKE Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois Mutants constitute ubiquitous tools in genetic analysis, and understand ing of their origins has advanced in parallel with the many improvements in the theory of the gene which have been achieved during the past 15 years. The molecular taxonomy of mutation is now well founded in procaryotes and is currently being extended to eucaryotes. A considerable number of mutational mechanisms have also been investigated, although rigorous proofs are available for virtually none. Several aspects of procedure, taxon omy, and mechanism have been reviewed (1-4), and an historical treatment of the theory of the gene (5) provides many insights into mutation re search in earlier decades. This review therefore aims to describe certain lines of investigation profitably pursued in recent years, and also to indicate certain outstanding problems which are likely to, or should, come under vig orous experimental attack in the near future. SYSTEMS Mutation has been studied in a great variety of systems. The following few exhibit special virtues and have been exceptionally useful. The most detailed correlations between amino acid substitutions (and deletions), tertiary structure, and functional damage have employed hemo globins (6-8). Human
Annual Review of Genetics – Annual Reviews
Published: Dec 1, 1969
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