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Drugs and Nerve Conduction

Drugs and Nerve Conduction Bv A. M. SHANES Department of Pharmacology, Schools of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 4, Pennsylvania Propagation of the action potential in nerve fibers is dependent on two related processes-the electrical excitability of the membrane ahead of the actively depolarized region, and the magnitude and temporal characteristics of the transitory depolarization that constitutes the action potential. The now classical work of Hodgkin (45, 46) on vertebrate nerve trunks demon­ strated the dependence of conduction on the electronic spread of depolariza­ tion induced by " l ocal current" from the region of the action potential to that ahead of it to cause enhanced excitability and excitation. The subsequent studies of Tasaki and associates, and others on large, single my elinat ed fibers, summarized in Tasaki's monograph (97), were of special importance in demonstrating sa ltatory conduction (i . e ., conduction by activa tion of successive nodes of Ranvier) and a safe ty factor of 5 to 7 (i . e. , that the action potential is 5 to 7 times larger in maximum amplitude than that just needed to excite the adjacent node of Ranvier); moreover, Tasaki & Takeuchi (103) showed that the threshold of excitability and the http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology Annual Reviews

Drugs and Nerve Conduction

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Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright 1963 Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Subject
Review Articles
ISSN
0362-1642
eISSN
1545-4304
DOI
10.1146/annurev.pa.03.040163.001153
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Bv A. M. SHANES Department of Pharmacology, Schools of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 4, Pennsylvania Propagation of the action potential in nerve fibers is dependent on two related processes-the electrical excitability of the membrane ahead of the actively depolarized region, and the magnitude and temporal characteristics of the transitory depolarization that constitutes the action potential. The now classical work of Hodgkin (45, 46) on vertebrate nerve trunks demon­ strated the dependence of conduction on the electronic spread of depolariza­ tion induced by " l ocal current" from the region of the action potential to that ahead of it to cause enhanced excitability and excitation. The subsequent studies of Tasaki and associates, and others on large, single my elinat ed fibers, summarized in Tasaki's monograph (97), were of special importance in demonstrating sa ltatory conduction (i . e ., conduction by activa tion of successive nodes of Ranvier) and a safe ty factor of 5 to 7 (i . e. , that the action potential is 5 to 7 times larger in maximum amplitude than that just needed to excite the adjacent node of Ranvier); moreover, Tasaki & Takeuchi (103) showed that the threshold of excitability and the

Journal

Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology – Annual Reviews

Published: Apr 1, 1963

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