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Influence of Lactobacillus spp. from an Inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from Forage Crops on Silage Fermentation

Influence of Lactobacillus spp. from an Inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from... Influence of Lactobacillus spp. from an Inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from Forage Crops on Silage Fermentation Yimin Cai 1 , * , Yoshimi Benno 1 , Masuhiro Ogawa 2 , Sadahiro Ohmomo 3 , Sumio Kumai 4 , and Takashi Nakase 1 Japan Collection of Microorganisms, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, 1 Kyusyu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Nishigoshi, Kumamoto 861-1192, 2 National Institute of Animal Industry, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, 3 and College of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, 4 Japan ABSTRACT Lactobacillus spp. from an inoculant and Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from forage crops were characterized, and their influence on silage fermentation was studied. Forty-two lactic acid-producing cocci were obtained from forage crops and grasses. All isolates were gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci that produced gas from glucose, and produced more than 90% of their lactate in the d -isomer form. These isolates were divided into groups A and B by sugar fermentation patterns. Two representative strains from the two groups, FG 5 and FG 13, were assigned to the species Weissella paramesenteroides and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides , respectively, on the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness. Strains FG 5, FG 13, and SL 1 ( Lactobacillus casei ), isolated from a commercial inoculant, were used as additives to alfalfa and Italian ryegrass silage preparations. Lactic acid bacterium counts were higher in all additive-treated silages than in the control silage at an early stage of ensiling. During silage fermentation, inoculation with SL 1 more effectively inhibited the growth of aerobic bacteria and clostridia than inoculation with strain FG 5 or FG 13. SL 1-treated silages stored well. However, the control and FG 5- and FG 13-treated silages had a significantly ( P < 0.05) higher pH and butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen contents and significantly ( P < 0.05) lower lactate content than SL 1-treated silage. Compared with the control silage, SL 1 treatments reduced the proportion of d -(−)-lactic acid, gas production, and dry matter loss in two kinds of silage, but the FG 5 and FG 13 treatments gave similar values in alfalfa silages and higher values ( P < 0.05) in Italian ryegrass silage. The results confirmed that heterofermentative strains of W. paramesenteroides FG 5 and L. pseudomesenteroides FG 13 did not improve silage quality and may cause some fermentation loss. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Applied and Environmental Microbiology American Society For Microbiology

Influence of Lactobacillus spp. from an Inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from Forage Crops on Silage Fermentation

Influence of Lactobacillus spp. from an Inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from Forage Crops on Silage Fermentation

Applied and Environmental Microbiology , Volume 64 (8): 2982 – Aug 1, 1998

Abstract

Influence of Lactobacillus spp. from an Inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from Forage Crops on Silage Fermentation Yimin Cai 1 , * , Yoshimi Benno 1 , Masuhiro Ogawa 2 , Sadahiro Ohmomo 3 , Sumio Kumai 4 , and Takashi Nakase 1 Japan Collection of Microorganisms, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, 1 Kyusyu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Nishigoshi, Kumamoto 861-1192, 2 National Institute of Animal Industry, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, 3 and College of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, 4 Japan ABSTRACT Lactobacillus spp. from an inoculant and Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from forage crops were characterized, and their influence on silage fermentation was studied. Forty-two lactic acid-producing cocci were obtained from forage crops and grasses. All isolates were gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci that produced gas from glucose, and produced more than 90% of their lactate in the d -isomer form. These isolates were divided into groups A and B by sugar fermentation patterns. Two representative strains from the two groups, FG 5 and FG 13, were assigned to the species Weissella paramesenteroides and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides , respectively, on the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness. Strains FG 5, FG 13, and SL 1 ( Lactobacillus casei ), isolated from a commercial inoculant, were used as additives to alfalfa and Italian ryegrass silage preparations. Lactic acid bacterium counts were higher in all additive-treated silages than in the control silage at an early stage of ensiling. During silage fermentation, inoculation with SL 1 more effectively inhibited the growth of aerobic bacteria and clostridia than inoculation with strain FG 5 or FG 13. SL 1-treated silages stored well. However, the control and FG 5- and FG 13-treated silages had a significantly ( P < 0.05) higher pH and butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen contents and significantly ( P < 0.05) lower lactate content than SL 1-treated silage. Compared with the control silage, SL 1 treatments reduced the proportion of d -(−)-lactic acid, gas production, and dry matter loss in two kinds of silage, but the FG 5 and FG 13 treatments gave similar values in alfalfa silages and higher values ( P < 0.05) in Italian ryegrass silage. The results confirmed that heterofermentative strains of W. paramesenteroides FG 5 and L. pseudomesenteroides FG 13 did not improve silage quality and may cause some fermentation loss.

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Publisher
American Society For Microbiology
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the American society for Microbiology.
ISSN
0099-2240
eISSN
1098-5336
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Influence of Lactobacillus spp. from an Inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from Forage Crops on Silage Fermentation Yimin Cai 1 , * , Yoshimi Benno 1 , Masuhiro Ogawa 2 , Sadahiro Ohmomo 3 , Sumio Kumai 4 , and Takashi Nakase 1 Japan Collection of Microorganisms, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, 1 Kyusyu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Nishigoshi, Kumamoto 861-1192, 2 National Institute of Animal Industry, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, 3 and College of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, 4 Japan ABSTRACT Lactobacillus spp. from an inoculant and Weissella and Leuconostoc spp. from forage crops were characterized, and their influence on silage fermentation was studied. Forty-two lactic acid-producing cocci were obtained from forage crops and grasses. All isolates were gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci that produced gas from glucose, and produced more than 90% of their lactate in the d -isomer form. These isolates were divided into groups A and B by sugar fermentation patterns. Two representative strains from the two groups, FG 5 and FG 13, were assigned to the species Weissella paramesenteroides and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides , respectively, on the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness. Strains FG 5, FG 13, and SL 1 ( Lactobacillus casei ), isolated from a commercial inoculant, were used as additives to alfalfa and Italian ryegrass silage preparations. Lactic acid bacterium counts were higher in all additive-treated silages than in the control silage at an early stage of ensiling. During silage fermentation, inoculation with SL 1 more effectively inhibited the growth of aerobic bacteria and clostridia than inoculation with strain FG 5 or FG 13. SL 1-treated silages stored well. However, the control and FG 5- and FG 13-treated silages had a significantly ( P < 0.05) higher pH and butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen contents and significantly ( P < 0.05) lower lactate content than SL 1-treated silage. Compared with the control silage, SL 1 treatments reduced the proportion of d -(−)-lactic acid, gas production, and dry matter loss in two kinds of silage, but the FG 5 and FG 13 treatments gave similar values in alfalfa silages and higher values ( P < 0.05) in Italian ryegrass silage. The results confirmed that heterofermentative strains of W. paramesenteroides FG 5 and L. pseudomesenteroides FG 13 did not improve silage quality and may cause some fermentation loss.

Journal

Applied and Environmental MicrobiologyAmerican Society For Microbiology

Published: Aug 1, 1998

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