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Gender and Leadership Style: A Meta-Analysis

Gender and Leadership Style: A Meta-Analysis Research comparing the leadership styles of women and men is reviewed, and evidence is foundfor both the presence and the absence of differences between the sexes. In contrast to thegender-stereotypic expectation that women lead in an interpersonally orientedstyle and men in a task-oriented style, female and male leaders did not differin these two styles in organizational studies. However, these aspects ofleadership style were somewhat gender stereotypic in the two other classes of leadershipstudies investigated, namely (a) laboratory experiments and (b)assessment studies, which were defined as research that assessed theleadership styles of people not selected for occupancy of leadership roles. Consistent withstereotypic expectations about a different aspect of leadership style, the tendency to leaddemocratically or autocratically, women tended to adopt a more democratic orparticipative style and a less autocratic or directive style than did men. This sex differenceappeared in all three classes of leadership studies, including those conductedin organizations. These and other findings are interpreted in terms of a social role theory ofsex differences in social behavior. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Psychological Bulletin American Psychological Association

Gender and Leadership Style: A Meta-Analysis

Eagly, Alice H.; Johnson, Blair T.
Psychological Bulletin , Volume 108 (2): 24 – Sep 1, 1990
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Publisher
American Psychological Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 American Psychological Association
ISSN
0033-2909
eISSN
1939-1455
DOI
10.1037/0033-2909.108.2.233
Publisher site
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Abstract

Research comparing the leadership styles of women and men is reviewed, and evidence is foundfor both the presence and the absence of differences between the sexes. In contrast to thegender-stereotypic expectation that women lead in an interpersonally orientedstyle and men in a task-oriented style, female and male leaders did not differin these two styles in organizational studies. However, these aspects ofleadership style were somewhat gender stereotypic in the two other classes of leadershipstudies investigated, namely (a) laboratory experiments and (b)assessment studies, which were defined as research that assessed theleadership styles of people not selected for occupancy of leadership roles. Consistent withstereotypic expectations about a different aspect of leadership style, the tendency to leaddemocratically or autocratically, women tended to adopt a more democratic orparticipative style and a less autocratic or directive style than did men. This sex differenceappeared in all three classes of leadership studies, including those conductedin organizations. These and other findings are interpreted in terms of a social role theory ofsex differences in social behavior.

Journal

Psychological Bulletin – American Psychological Association

Published: Sep 1, 1990

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