Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
Eugene Stone, Hal Gueutal (1985)
An Empirical Derivation of the Dimensions Along Which Characteristics of Jobs are PerceivedAcademy of Management Journal, 28
D. Hall, B. Schneider, Harold Nygren (1970)
Personal factors in organizational identification.Administrative Science Quarterly, 15
H. Arnold, D. Feldman, Mary Purbhoo (1985)
The Role of Social-Desirability Response Bias in Turnover ResearchAcademy of Management Journal, 28
Allen Bluedorn (1982)
A Unified Model of Turnover from OrganizationsHuman Relations, 35
N. Bruning, Robert Snyder (1983)
Sex and Position as Predictors of Organizational CommitmentAcademy of Management Journal, 26
M. Fishbein, I. Ajzen (1977)
Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and ResearchContemporary Sociology, 6
R. Rosenthal (1984)
Meta-analytic procedures for social research
D. Campbell, D. Fiske (1959)
Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.Psychological bulletin, 56 2
J. Cook, T. Wall (1980)
New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non‐fulfilmentJournal of occupational psychology, 53
T. Cook, D. Campbell (1979)
Quasi-experimentation: Design & analysis issues for field settings
Thomas Dougherty, Allen Bluedorn, Thomas Keon (1985)
Precursors of employee turnover: A multiple‐sample causal analysisJournal of Organizational Behavior, 6
J. Pierce, R. Dunham (1987)
Organizational Commitment: Pre-Employment Propensity and Initial Work ExperiencesJournal of Management, 13
C. O'Reilly, Gene Bretton, K. Roberts (1974)
Professional employees' preference for upward mobility: An extension.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 5
L. Porter, William Crampon, F. Smith (1976)
Organizational commitment and managerial turnover: A longitudinal studyOrganizational Behavior and Human Performance, 15
James Morris, Richard Steers (1980)
Structural influences on organizational commitmentJournal of Vocational Behavior, 17
J. Howell, P. Dorfman (1981)
Substitutes for leadership: test of a construct.Academy of Management journal. Academy of Management, 24 4
R. Mowday, Richard Steers, L. Porter (1979)
The Measurement of Organizational Commitment.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14
D. Ganster, H. Hennessey, F. Luthans (1983)
Social Desirability Response Effects: Three Alternative ModelsAcademy of Management Journal, 26
A. Kidron (1978)
Work values and organizational commitment.Academy of Management journal. Academy of Management, 21 2
C. Schriesheim, S. Kerr (1974)
Psychometric properties of the Ohio State leadership scales.Psychological bulletin, 81 11
J. Koch, Richard Steers (1978)
Job attachment, satisfaction, and turnover among public sector employeesJournal of Vocational Behavior, 12
J. Ivancevich, J. McMahon (1982)
The effects of goal setting, external feedback, and self-generated feedback on outcome variables: A field experiment.Academy of Management Journal, 25
Kenneth Pearlman, F. Schmidt, J. Hunter (1980)
Validity generalization results for tests used to predict job proficiency and training success in clerical occupations.Journal of Applied Psychology, 65
M. Chassie, R. Bhagat (1980)
Role Stress in Working Women: Differential Effect on Selected Organizational OutcomesGroup & Organization Management, 5
Harry Levinson, Robert Kahn, Donald Wolfe, Robert Quinn, J. Snoek, Robert Rosenthal (1965)
Organizational Stress: Studies in Role Conflict and Ambiguity.Administrative Science Quarterly, 10
C. O'Reilly, Jennifer Chatman (1986)
Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior.Journal of Applied Psychology, 71
T. Lodahl, Mathilde Kejnar (1965)
THE DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT OF JOB INVOLVEMENT.The Journal of applied psychology, 49
N. Kemp, T. Wall, C. Clegg, J. Cordery (1983)
Autonomous work groups in a greenfield site: A comparative studyJournal of occupational psychology, 56
J. Mathieu (1988)
A causal model of organizational commitment in a military training environmentJournal of Vocational Behavior, 32
P. Morrow (1983)
Concept Redundancy in Organizational Research: The Case of Work CommitmentAcademy of Management Review, 8
L. Williams, John Hazer (1986)
Antecedents and consequences of satisfaction and commitment in turnover models: A reanalysis using latent variable structural equation methods.Journal of Applied Psychology, 71
M. Petty, Gail McGee, Jerry Cavender (1984)
A Meta-Analysis of the Relationships Between Individual Job Satisfaction and Individual PerformanceAcademy of Management Review, 9
J., Richard, Hackman (1976)
Motivation through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16
P. Green, B. Winer, Donald Brown, K. Michels (1963)
Statistical Principles in Experimental Design
Y. Wiener (1982)
Commitment in Organizations: A Normative ViewAcademy of Management Review, 7
A. Korman, A. Glickman, Robert Frey (1981)
More is not better: Two failures of incentive theory.Journal of Applied Psychology, 66
J. French, J. Rosenstein (1984)
Employee Ownership Work Attitudes, and Power RelationshipsAcademy of Management Journal, 27
Gail McGee, R. Ford (1987)
Two (or more?) dimensions of organizational commitment: Reexamination of the affective and continuance commitment scales.Journal of Applied Psychology, 72
Susan Rhodes, Richard Steers (1981)
Conventional vs. Worker-Owned OrganizationsHuman Relations, 34
C. Fisher, R. Gitelson (1983)
A Meta-Analysis of the Correlates of Role Conflict and AmbiguityJournal of Applied Psychology, 68
N. Aranya, K. Ferris (1983)
Organizational-Professional Conflict among U.S. and Israeli Professional AccountantsJournal of Social Psychology, 119
R. Lachman, N. Aranya (1986)
Evaluation of alternative models of commitments and job attitudes of professionalsJournal of Organizational Behavior, 7
K. Ferris, N. Aranya (1983)
A Comparison of Two Organizational Commitment Scales.Personnel Psychology, 36
P. Morrow, James McElroy (1986)
On assessing measures of work commitmentJournal of Organizational Behavior, 7
John Jermier, L. Berkes (1979)
Leader Behavior in a Police Command Bureaucracy: A Closer Look at the Quasi-Military Model.Administrative Science Quarterly, 24
Leonie Still (1983)
Part-time versus full-time salespeople: Individual attributes, organizational commitment, and work attitudes.Journal of Retailing
A. Rafaeli (1986)
Employee attitudes toward working with computersJournal of Organizational Behavior, 7
Eugene Stone, L. Porter (1975)
Job Characteristics and Job Attitudes: A Multivariate Study.Journal of Applied Psychology, 60
J. Mathieu, Karin Hamel (1989)
A causal model of the antecedents of organizational commitment among professionals and nonprofessionals.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 34
G. Blau (1987)
Using a person-environment fit model to predict job involvement and organizational commitmentJournal of Vocational Behavior, 30
Y. Wiener, Yoav Vardi (1980)
Relationships between job, organization, and career commitments and work outcomes—An integrative approachOrganizational Behavior and Human Performance, 26
H. Welsch, Helen LaVan (1981)
Inter-Relationships Between Organizational Commitment and Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, Professional Behavior, and Organizational ClimateHuman Relations, 34
Arnon Reichers (1985)
A review and reconceptualization of organizational commitment.Academy of management review. Academy of Management, 10 3
Arnon Reichers (1986)
Conflict and organizational commitments.Journal of Applied Psychology, 71
Richard Steers, D. Spencer (1977)
The Role of Achievement Motivation in Job Design.Journal of Applied Psychology, 62
Stephen Stumpf, Karen Hartman (1984)
Individual Exploration to Organizational Commitment or WithdrawalAcademy of Management Journal, 27
G. Glass, B. Mcgaw, M. Smith (1981)
Meta-analysis in social research
D. Randall (1987)
Commitment and the Organization: The Organization Man RevisitedAcademy of Management Review, 12
Y. Fried, G. Ferris (1987)
THE VALIDITY OF THE JOB CHARACTERISTICS MODEL: A REVIEW AND META‐ANALYSISPersonnel Psychology, 40
Paul Spector (1985)
Higher order need strength as a moderator of the job scope employee outcome relationship: A meta-analysisJournal of occupational psychology, 58
L. Hrebiniak (1974)
Effects of Job Level and Participation on Employee Attitudes and Perceptions of InfluenceAcademy of Management Journal, 17
G. Blau (1985)
The measurement and prediction of career commitmentJournal of occupational psychology, 58
E. Larson, C. Fukami (1984)
Relationships Between Worker Behavior and Commitment to the Organization and Union., 1984
J. Stevens, J. Beyer, H. Trice (1978)
Assessing personal, role, and organizational predictors of managerial commitment.Academy of Management journal. Academy of Management, 21 3
D. Katz, R. Kahn (1966)
The Social Psychology of Organizations
W. Mobley, R. Griffeth, H. Hand, B. Meglino (1979)
Review and Conceptual Analysis of the Employee Turnover ProcessPsychological Bulletin, 86
Brian Loher, R. Noe, Nancy Moeller, Michael Fitzgerald (1985)
A Meta-Analysis of the Relation of Job Characteristics to Job SatisfactionJournal of Applied Psychology, 70
S. Jackson, R. Schuler (1985)
A meta-analysis and conceptual critique of research on role ambiguity and role conflict in work settingsOrganizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 36
Robert Steel, A. Mento, Benjamin Dilla, Nestor Ovalle, R. Lloyd (1985)
Factors Influencing the Success and Failure of Two Quality Circle ProgramsJournal of Management, 11
S. Parasuraman, J. Alutto (1984)
Sources and Outcomes of Stress in Organizational Settings: Toward the Development of a Structural ModelAcademy of Management Journal, 27
C. Clegg (1983)
Psychology of employee lateness, absence, and turnover: A methodological critique and an empirical study.Journal of Applied Psychology, 68
S. Parasuraman (1982)
Predicting Turnover Intentions and Turnover Behavior: A Multivariate Analysis.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 21
L. Porter, Richard Steers, R. Mowday, Paul Boulian (1974)
Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians.Journal of Applied Psychology, 59
P. Sackett, Michael Harris, J. Orr (1986)
On seeking moderator variables in the meta-analysis of correlational data: A Monte Carlo investigation of statistical power and resistance to Type I error.Journal of Applied Psychology, 71
R. Baron, D. Kenny (1986)
The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations.Journal of personality and social psychology, 51 6
K. Ferris (1981)
Organizational commitment and performance in a professional accounting firmAccounting Organizations and Society, 6
T. Bateman, S. Strasser (1984)
A longitudinal analysis of the antecedents of organizational commitment.Academy of Management journal. Academy of Management, 27 1
J. Werbel, S. Gould (1984)
A comparison of the relationship of commitment to turnover in recent hires and tenured employees.Journal of Applied Psychology, 69
T. DeCotiis, T. Summers (1987)
A Path Analysis of a Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Organizational CommitmentHuman Relations, 40
Richard Steers, Susan Rhodes (1978)
Major influences on employee attendance: A process model.Journal of Applied Psychology, 63
R. Mowday, C. Koberg, Angeline McArthur (1984)
The psychology of the withdrawal process: a cross-validational test of Mobley's intermediate linkages model of turnover in two samples.Academy of Management journal. Academy of Management, 27 1
C. Michaels, Paul Spector (1982)
Causes of employee turnover: A test of the Mobley, Griffeth, Hand, and Meglino model.Journal of Applied Psychology, 67
James Morris, J. Sherman (1981)
Generalizability of an Organizational Commitment ModelAcademy of Management Journal, 24
J. Ogilvie (1986)
The Role of Human Resource Management Practices in Predicting Organizational CommitmentGroup & Organization Management, 11
H. Angle, J. Perry (1986)
Dual Commitment and Labor-Management Relationship ClimatesAcademy of Management Journal, 29
J. Ivancevich (1980)
A longitudinal study of behavioral expectation scales: Attitudes and performance.Journal of Applied Psychology, 65
D. Fiske (1987)
Construct Invalidity Comes from Method EffectsEducational and Psychological Measurement, 47
H. Becker (1960)
Notes on the Concept of CommitmentAmerican Journal of Sociology, 66
C. Fisher (1985)
Social Support and Adjustment to Work: A Longitudinal StudyJournal of Management, 11
Richard Steers (1977)
Antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment.Administrative science quarterly, 22 1
O. Grusky (1966)
Career mobility and organizational commitment.Administrative Science Quarterly, 10
Robert Steel, Nestor Ovalle (1984)
A review and meta-analysis of research on the relationship between behavioral intentions and employee turnover.Journal of Applied Psychology, 69
N. Aranya, D. Jacobson (1975)
An Empirical Study of Theories of Organizational and Occupational CommitmentJournal of Social Psychology, 97
Barry Staw, G. Salancik (1976)
New Directions in Organizational Behavior
G. Blau (1986)
Job Involvement and Organizational Commitment as Interactive Predictors of Tardiness and AbsenteeismJournal of Management, 12
L. Hrebiniak, J. Alutto (1972)
Personal and Role-Related Factors in the Development of Organizational Commitment.Administrative Science Quarterly, 17
C. Fukami, E. Larson (1984)
Commitment to company and union: Parallel models.Journal of Applied Psychology, 69
H. Arnold, D. Feldman (1982)
A multivariate analysis of the determinants of job turnover.Journal of Applied Psychology, 67
J. Maanen (1975)
Police organization: A longitudinal examination of job attitudes in an urban police department.Administrative Science Quarterly, 20
F. Luthans, D. Baack, Louis Taylor (1987)
Organizational Commitment: Analysis of AntecedentsHuman Relations, 40
Steven Premack, J. Wanous (1985)
A meta-analysis of realistic job preview experiments.Journal of Applied Psychology, 70
L. James, L. Tetrick (1986)
Confirmatory Analytic Tests of Three Causal Models Relating Job Perceptions to Job Satisfaction.Journal of Applied Psychology, 71
P. Wright (1979)
The Social Psychology of Organizations, (2nd Ed): Daniel Katz and Robert L. Kahn New York: Wiley, 1978, 838 pp.Applied Ergonomics, 10
J. Boudreau, C. Berger (1985)
Decision-theoretic utility analysis applied to employee separations and acquisitions.Journal of Applied Psychology, 70
D. Rousseau (1985)
Issues of level in organizational research: Multi-level and cross-level perspectives.Research in Organizational Behavior
R. Scholl (1981)
Differentiating Organizational Commitment From Expectancy as a Motivating ForceAcademy of Management Review, 6
G. Ritzer, H. Trice (1969)
An Empirical Study of Howard Becker's Side-Bet TheorySocial Forces, 47
John Meyer, Natalie Allen (1984)
Testing the "Side-Bet Theory" of Organizational Commitment: Some Methodological ConsiderationsJournal of Applied Psychology, 69
J. Hunter, F. Schmidt, G. Jackson (1982)
Meta-Analysis: Cumulating Research Findings Across Studies
P. Podsakoff, L. Williams, W. Todor (1986)
Effects of Organizational Formalization on Alienation Among Professionals and NonprofessionalsAcademy of Management Journal, 29
In this article, we summarize previous empirical studies that examined antecedents, correlates, and/or consequences of organizational commitment using meta-analysis. In total, 48 meta-analyses were conducted, including 26 variables classified as antecedents, 8 as consequences, and 14 as correlates. Statistical artifacts were found to account for the variance between studies in only one meta-analysis that used attendance. Type of organizational commitment (attitudinal vs. calculative) was proposed as a moderator variable and was found to account for significant between-study variance in 9 of 18 comparisons. Theoretical and methodological issues pertaining to the measurement of various forms of organizational commitment, its interrelations with other forms of attachments, and its role in causal models of behavior in organizations are reviewed. Directions for future research are highlighted.
Psychological Bulletin – American Psychological Association
Published: Sep 1, 1990
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.