MONISM AND DUALISM: Editor , The American Journal of Psychiatry

AThY:DUALISM states “puttingP5YcHI-SIR : Dr. Levin’s article on Monism and Dualism in the July issue of the Journalthough theoryin the brain.” the matter presentingThis, however, is not into other words” but an entirely different,theory, thewell-knownof us whobewildered.are interestedHe triesprove Dr. Bailey’s “mistake” by discussing the views of Hughlings Jackson, whom he represents as a “monist.” He quotes the following passages:The mind) doctrine I hold is : first, (or, synonymously,that states ofidentify ism is dualisticof the mind as epiphenomenon. It is to imagine that someone could or combine these two, for Parallel; itcon-cepts-there The theoryetc.are utterly different from nervous states; second, that the two things occur together, that for every mental state there is a correlative nervous state ; third, that, although the two things occur in parallelism, there is no interference of one with the other. This may be called the doctrine of Concomitance. This view, of course, was not introduced by Jackson, but is the well-known philosophy of Leibnitz. I am sure that Jackson expected his readers to realize this because Leibnitz was well known in Jackson’s time. It is the strongest expression of dualism ever proposed. Mind and Matter (Leibnitz thought) are concomitant, but independent, like two clocks, one of which has hands to show the hour, the other a gong to ring the hour. If they are synchronous, a casual observer may believe that the fact that thewith is monistic. that there is only Mind is nothing“one-piece of the epiphenomenon the ancient atomist,are Here the;parallels.” (origiDemocrit,)as an...