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The Effect of Changes in Total Carbon and in the Condition of Carbides on the Magnetic Properties of Steel

The Effect of Changes in Total Carbon and in the Condition of Carbides on the Magnetic Properties... Variation of magnetic properties of a carbon steel and a chrome steel with per cent carbon, for annealed and quenched samples. —Two series of small steel bars were prepared with carbon varying from.01 to 1.17 per cent, one from Armco iron (total impurity.1 per cent or less), the other from chrome magnet steel with composition in per cent: Cr 2.23, Mn.24, Si.25, Ni.12, Cu.08, S.03, P.03. The carbon content was obtained and controlled by maintaining the bars along with steel of different carbide content until equilibrium was attained in hydrogen at 950°C. Magnetization curves are given for the different bars. The minimum reluctivity R (reciprocal of the maximum permeability ) is found to be a linear function of the carbon content for hardened steels, to 0.8 per cent C. For annealed carbon steels, R increases somewhat faster than the per cent C and for annealed chrome steels R shows a maximum at about.5 per cent and a minimum at about 0.8 per cent C. The magnetic intensity necessary for saturation varies in the same way as R . Magnetic potentiometer method of determining normal magnetization curves for short bars. —The bar and yoke apparatus used is arranged so that the small bar forms part of a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnetomotive force is distributed so as to be proportional to the reluctances of the bar and the yoke, respectively, by use of a magnetic potentiometer which consists of a solenoid of several thousand turns, with soft iron end plates which make contact with two points of the circuit. The magnetic flux was measured with a test coil connected to a dead beat ballistic galvanometer, by noting the deflection produced by reversing the flux. A special reversing rheostat was used to vary the current by 120 definite steps so as to give a definite magnetic cycle. Tested with samples of annealed Armco iron, this apparatus gave the same curve as the standard ring method. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Physical Review American Physical Society (APS)

The Effect of Changes in Total Carbon and in the Condition of Carbides on the Magnetic Properties of Steel

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Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Copyright
Copyright © 1924 The American Physical Society
ISSN
1536-6065
DOI
10.1103/PhysRev.23.377
Publisher site
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Abstract

Variation of magnetic properties of a carbon steel and a chrome steel with per cent carbon, for annealed and quenched samples. —Two series of small steel bars were prepared with carbon varying from.01 to 1.17 per cent, one from Armco iron (total impurity.1 per cent or less), the other from chrome magnet steel with composition in per cent: Cr 2.23, Mn.24, Si.25, Ni.12, Cu.08, S.03, P.03. The carbon content was obtained and controlled by maintaining the bars along with steel of different carbide content until equilibrium was attained in hydrogen at 950°C. Magnetization curves are given for the different bars. The minimum reluctivity R (reciprocal of the maximum permeability ) is found to be a linear function of the carbon content for hardened steels, to 0.8 per cent C. For annealed carbon steels, R increases somewhat faster than the per cent C and for annealed chrome steels R shows a maximum at about.5 per cent and a minimum at about 0.8 per cent C. The magnetic intensity necessary for saturation varies in the same way as R . Magnetic potentiometer method of determining normal magnetization curves for short bars. —The bar and yoke apparatus used is arranged so that the small bar forms part of a closed magnetic circuit, and the magnetomotive force is distributed so as to be proportional to the reluctances of the bar and the yoke, respectively, by use of a magnetic potentiometer which consists of a solenoid of several thousand turns, with soft iron end plates which make contact with two points of the circuit. The magnetic flux was measured with a test coil connected to a dead beat ballistic galvanometer, by noting the deflection produced by reversing the flux. A special reversing rheostat was used to vary the current by 120 definite steps so as to give a definite magnetic cycle. Tested with samples of annealed Armco iron, this apparatus gave the same curve as the standard ring method.

Journal

Physical Review – American Physical Society (APS)

Published: Mar 1, 1924

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