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Urine C-peptide, β-Cell Function, and Insulin Requirement

Urine C-peptide, β-Cell Function, and Insulin Requirement Abstract • Urinary C-peptide excretion was investigated as a method for monitoring β-cell function in diabetic patients and for studying the contribution of endogenous insulin production to diabetic control. Control subjects had variations in serum and urine C-peptide immunoreactivity that correlated with basal and meal-related insulin secretion. In a group of well-controlled juvenile diabetic patients, those receiving high doses of insulin had low or negligible C-peptide excretion, whereas most patients with low exogenous insulin requirements had near-normal urinary C-peptide excretion. Patients treated for diabetic ketoacidosis had recovery of β-cell function as measured by C-peptide immunoreactivity in serial urine specimens. Thus, measurement of urinary C-peptide excretion is a simple technique that may be useful in assessing endogenous insulin production in juvenile diabetic patients. (Am J Dis Child 134:1129-1133, 1980) References 1. Block MB, Rosenfield RL, Mako ME, et al: Sequential changes in β-cell function in insulin-treated diabetic patients assessed by C-peptide immunoreactivity . N Engl J Med 288:1144-1148, 1973.Crossref 2. Faber OK, Binder C: β-Cell function and blood glucose control in insulin-dependent diabetics within the first month of insulin treatment . Diabetologia 13:263-268, 1977.Crossref 3. Grajwer LA, Pildes RS, Horwitz DL, et al: Control of juvenile diabetes mellitus and its relationship to endogenous insulin secretion as measured by C-peptide immunoreactivity . J Pediatr 90:42-48, 1977.Crossref 4. Heding LG, Rasmussen SM: Human C-peptide in normal and diabetic subjects . Diabetologia 11:201-206, 1975.Crossref 5. Ludvigsson J, Heding LG: C-peptide in children with juvenile diabetes: A preliminary report . Diabetologia 12:627-630, 1976.Crossref 6. Ludvigsson J, Heding LG, Larsson Y, et al: C-peptide in juvenile diabetics beyond the postinitial remission period . Acta Paediatr Scand 66:177-184, 1977.Crossref 7. Madsbad S, Faber OK, Binder C, et al: Prevalence of residual β-cell function in insulin-dependent diabetics in relation to age at onset and duration of diabetes . Diabetes 27:262-264, 1978.Crossref 8. Horwitz DL, Rubenstein AH, Katz AI: Quantitation of human pancreatic β-cell function by immunoassay of C-peptide in urine . Diabetes 26:30-35, 1977.Crossref 9. Horwitz DL, Rubenstein AH, Mako ME, et al: C-peptide in conditions other than diabetes mellitus . Diabetes 27:267-271, 1978.Crossref 10. Fabiny DL, Ertingshausen G: Automated reaction rate method for determination of creatinine with the centrifichem . Clin Chem 17:696-700, 1971. 11. Trivelli LA, Ranney HM, Lai HT: Hemoglobin components in patients with diabetes mellitus . N Engl J Med 284:353-357, 1971.Crossref 12. Gabbay KG, Hasty K, Breslow JL, et al: Glycosylated hemoglobins and long-term blood glucose control in diabetes mellitus . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 44:859-864, 1977.Crossref 13. Nakagawa S, Nakayama H, Saski T, et al: A simple method for the determination of serum free insulin levels in insulin treated patients . Diabetes 22:590-600, 1973. 14. Belmonte MM, Sarkozy E, Harpur ER: Urine sugar determination by the two-drop Clinitest method . Diabetes 16:557-559, 1967. 15. Morgan CR, Lazarow A: Immunoassay of insulin: Two antibody system . Diabetes 12:115-126, 1963. 16. Papadopoulou ZL, Tina LU, Sandler P, et al: Size and function of the kidneys , in Johnson TR, Moore WM, Jeffries JE (eds): Children Are Different: Developmental Physiology . Columbus, Ohio, Ross Laboratories, 1978, p 99. 17. Jackson RL, Guthrie RA: The child with diabetes . Mo Med 69:351-358, 1972. 18. Kuzuya H, Horwitz DL, Stelling M, et al: Blood sugar control in insulin requiring diabetics: Relationship of exogenous and endogenous insulin, abstracted . Clin Res 22:618A, 1974. 19. Jackson RL, Hewett JE, Hess RL, et al: Objective criteria for classifying degree of control in children with insulin dependent diabetes , abstract No. 54. Diabetes 27:444, 1978. 20. Turner RC, McCarthy ST, Holman RR, et al: β-Cell function improved by supplementing basal insulin secretion in mild diabetes . Br Med J 1:1252-1254, 1976.Crossref 21. Mirouze J, Selam JL, Pham TC, et al: Sustained insulin-induced remissions of juvenile diabetes by means of an external artificial pancreas . Diabetologia 14:223-227, 1978.Crossref 22. Genuth SM: Insulin secretion in obesity and diabetes: An illustrative case . Ann Intern Med 87:714-716, 1977.Crossref 23. Jackson RL, Murthy DYN: Importance of early insulin treatment and good regulation of children with diabetes . Mo Med 71:173-176, 1974. 24. New insulin-delivery systems for diabetics , editorial. Lancet 1:1275-1277, 1979. 25. Pickup JC, Keen H, Parsons JA, et al: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: Improved blood-glucose and intermediary-metabolite control in diabetics . Lancet 1:1255-1257, 1979.Crossref 26. Tamborlane WV, Sherwin RS, Genel M, et al: Restoration of normal lipid and aminoacid metabolism in diabetic patients treated with a portable insulin-infusion pump . Lancet 1:1258-1261, 1979.Crossref 27. Deckert T, Lørup B: Regulation of brittle diabetics by a preplanned insulin infusion programme . Diabetologia 12:573-579, 1976.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png American Journal of Diseases of Children American Medical Association

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References (30)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1980 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0002-922X
DOI
10.1001/archpedi.1980.02130240013006
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract • Urinary C-peptide excretion was investigated as a method for monitoring β-cell function in diabetic patients and for studying the contribution of endogenous insulin production to diabetic control. Control subjects had variations in serum and urine C-peptide immunoreactivity that correlated with basal and meal-related insulin secretion. In a group of well-controlled juvenile diabetic patients, those receiving high doses of insulin had low or negligible C-peptide excretion, whereas most patients with low exogenous insulin requirements had near-normal urinary C-peptide excretion. Patients treated for diabetic ketoacidosis had recovery of β-cell function as measured by C-peptide immunoreactivity in serial urine specimens. Thus, measurement of urinary C-peptide excretion is a simple technique that may be useful in assessing endogenous insulin production in juvenile diabetic patients. (Am J Dis Child 134:1129-1133, 1980) References 1. Block MB, Rosenfield RL, Mako ME, et al: Sequential changes in β-cell function in insulin-treated diabetic patients assessed by C-peptide immunoreactivity . N Engl J Med 288:1144-1148, 1973.Crossref 2. Faber OK, Binder C: β-Cell function and blood glucose control in insulin-dependent diabetics within the first month of insulin treatment . Diabetologia 13:263-268, 1977.Crossref 3. Grajwer LA, Pildes RS, Horwitz DL, et al: Control of juvenile diabetes mellitus and its relationship to endogenous insulin secretion as measured by C-peptide immunoreactivity . J Pediatr 90:42-48, 1977.Crossref 4. Heding LG, Rasmussen SM: Human C-peptide in normal and diabetic subjects . Diabetologia 11:201-206, 1975.Crossref 5. Ludvigsson J, Heding LG: C-peptide in children with juvenile diabetes: A preliminary report . Diabetologia 12:627-630, 1976.Crossref 6. Ludvigsson J, Heding LG, Larsson Y, et al: C-peptide in juvenile diabetics beyond the postinitial remission period . Acta Paediatr Scand 66:177-184, 1977.Crossref 7. Madsbad S, Faber OK, Binder C, et al: Prevalence of residual β-cell function in insulin-dependent diabetics in relation to age at onset and duration of diabetes . Diabetes 27:262-264, 1978.Crossref 8. Horwitz DL, Rubenstein AH, Katz AI: Quantitation of human pancreatic β-cell function by immunoassay of C-peptide in urine . Diabetes 26:30-35, 1977.Crossref 9. Horwitz DL, Rubenstein AH, Mako ME, et al: C-peptide in conditions other than diabetes mellitus . Diabetes 27:267-271, 1978.Crossref 10. Fabiny DL, Ertingshausen G: Automated reaction rate method for determination of creatinine with the centrifichem . Clin Chem 17:696-700, 1971. 11. Trivelli LA, Ranney HM, Lai HT: Hemoglobin components in patients with diabetes mellitus . N Engl J Med 284:353-357, 1971.Crossref 12. Gabbay KG, Hasty K, Breslow JL, et al: Glycosylated hemoglobins and long-term blood glucose control in diabetes mellitus . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 44:859-864, 1977.Crossref 13. Nakagawa S, Nakayama H, Saski T, et al: A simple method for the determination of serum free insulin levels in insulin treated patients . Diabetes 22:590-600, 1973. 14. Belmonte MM, Sarkozy E, Harpur ER: Urine sugar determination by the two-drop Clinitest method . Diabetes 16:557-559, 1967. 15. Morgan CR, Lazarow A: Immunoassay of insulin: Two antibody system . Diabetes 12:115-126, 1963. 16. Papadopoulou ZL, Tina LU, Sandler P, et al: Size and function of the kidneys , in Johnson TR, Moore WM, Jeffries JE (eds): Children Are Different: Developmental Physiology . Columbus, Ohio, Ross Laboratories, 1978, p 99. 17. Jackson RL, Guthrie RA: The child with diabetes . Mo Med 69:351-358, 1972. 18. Kuzuya H, Horwitz DL, Stelling M, et al: Blood sugar control in insulin requiring diabetics: Relationship of exogenous and endogenous insulin, abstracted . Clin Res 22:618A, 1974. 19. Jackson RL, Hewett JE, Hess RL, et al: Objective criteria for classifying degree of control in children with insulin dependent diabetes , abstract No. 54. Diabetes 27:444, 1978. 20. Turner RC, McCarthy ST, Holman RR, et al: β-Cell function improved by supplementing basal insulin secretion in mild diabetes . Br Med J 1:1252-1254, 1976.Crossref 21. Mirouze J, Selam JL, Pham TC, et al: Sustained insulin-induced remissions of juvenile diabetes by means of an external artificial pancreas . Diabetologia 14:223-227, 1978.Crossref 22. Genuth SM: Insulin secretion in obesity and diabetes: An illustrative case . Ann Intern Med 87:714-716, 1977.Crossref 23. Jackson RL, Murthy DYN: Importance of early insulin treatment and good regulation of children with diabetes . Mo Med 71:173-176, 1974. 24. New insulin-delivery systems for diabetics , editorial. Lancet 1:1275-1277, 1979. 25. Pickup JC, Keen H, Parsons JA, et al: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: Improved blood-glucose and intermediary-metabolite control in diabetics . Lancet 1:1255-1257, 1979.Crossref 26. Tamborlane WV, Sherwin RS, Genel M, et al: Restoration of normal lipid and aminoacid metabolism in diabetic patients treated with a portable insulin-infusion pump . Lancet 1:1258-1261, 1979.Crossref 27. Deckert T, Lørup B: Regulation of brittle diabetics by a preplanned insulin infusion programme . Diabetologia 12:573-579, 1976.Crossref

Journal

American Journal of Diseases of ChildrenAmerican Medical Association

Published: Dec 1, 1980

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