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Sociopsychologic Aspects of Psychiatric Treatment in a Voluntary Mental Hospital: Duration of Hospitalization, Discharge Ratings, and Diagnosis

Sociopsychologic Aspects of Psychiatric Treatment in a Voluntary Mental Hospital: Duration of... Abstract The increasing studies of the sociopsychological aspects of psychiatric treatment in recent years have primarily been concerned with treatment patterns in the community,12 private practice,29 and outpatient clinics.24,28 In the studies reported by Hollingshead, Redlich, and their co-workers12,27 it was found that social class was a major determinant of the type of psychiatric treatment in the New Haven community. Patients from the upper classes were more frequently treated with psychotherapy, while somatic or custodial care was commoner among the lower classes. They summarized their results by noting: “It was found that treatment does not depend on psychological and medical determinants alone, but on the status position of the patient as well.”27 Weinstock,29 reporting the results of a poll of the American Psychoanalytic Association, observed that the patients being treated by their members in private References 1. Adorno, T. W.; Frenkel-Brunswik, E.; Levinson, D. J., and Sanford, R. N.: The Authoritarian Personality , New York, Harper & Brothers, 1950. 2. Arieti, S.: The Decline of Manic-Depressive Psychosis: Its Significance in the Light of Dynamic and Social Psychiatry, paper read at 113th Annual Meeting of American Psychiatric Association, Chicago, 1957. 3. Arnot, R.: The Predepressed Personality , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 76:617-618, 1956. 4. Chodoff, P.: A Re-examination of Some Aspects of Conversion Hysteria , Psychiatry 17:75-81, 1954. 5. Cohen, M. B.; Baker, B.; Cohen, R. A.; Fromm-Reichmann, F., and Weigert, E.: An Intensive Study of 12 Cases of Manic-Depressive Psychosis , Psychiatry 17:103-137, 1954. 6. Dunham, H. W., and Meltzer, B. N.: Predicting Length of Hospitalization of Mental Patients , Am. J. Sociol. 52:123-131, 1946. 7. Freyhan, F. A.: The Impact of Somatic Therapies on Course and Clinical Profile of the Schizophrenias , J. Clin. & Exper. Psychopath. 19:195-201, 1958. 8. Frumkin, R. M.: Occupation and Major Mental Disorders , in Mental Health and Mental Disorder, prepared by a committee of the Society for Study of Social Problems , edited by A. M. Rose, New York, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1955, pp. 136-160. 9. Hamilton, D. M., and Mann, W. A.: The Hospital Treatment of Involutional Psychoses, in Depression, Proceeding 42d Annual Meeting of American Psychopathological Association, edited by P. H. Hoch and J. Zubin, New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1952, pp. 199-209. 10. Harvey, W. A.: Changing Syndrome and Culture: Recent Studies in Comparative Psychiatry , Internat. J. Soc. Psychiat. 2:165-171, 1956. 11. Hillside Hospital: Twenty-Ninth Annual Report, 1956. 12. Hollingshead, A. B., and Redlich, F. C.: Social Class and Mental Illness: A Community Study , New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1958. 13. Kahn, R. L., and Fink, M.: Personality Factors in Behavioral Response to Electroshock Therapy, J. Neuropsychiatry, to be published. 14. Kahn, R. L.; Pollack, M., and Fink, M.: Social Factors in the Selection of Therapy in a Voluntary Mental Hospital , J. Hillside Hosp. 6:216-228, 1957. 15. Kahn, R. L., and Fink, M.: Changes in Language During Electroshock Therapy, in Psychopathology of Communication, Proceedings of 46th Annual Meeting of American Psychopathological Association, edited by P. H. Hoch and J. Zubin, New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1958. 16. Kinsey, A. C.; Pomeroy, W. B., and Martin, C. E.: Sexual Behavior in the Human Male , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1948. 17. Kramer, M.; Goldstein, H.; Israel, R. H., and Johnson, N. A.: A Historical Study of the Disposition of First Admissions to a State Mental Hospital , Public Health Monograph No. 32, Government Printing Office, 1955. 18. Kramer, K.; Pollack, E. S., and Redick, R. W.: Studies of Incidence and Prevalence of Hospitalized Mental Disorders in the United States: Current Status and Future Goals, paper read at the 49th Annual Meeting of the American Psychopathological Association, New York, 1959. 19. Landis, C., and Page, J. D.: Modern Society and Mental Disease , New York, Farrar & Rinehart, Inc., 1938. 20. Gallagher, E. B.; Levinson, D. J., and Erlich, I.: Some Sociopsychological Characteristics of Patients and Their Relevance for Psychiatric Treatment , in The Patient and the Mental Hospital , edited by M. Greenblatt, D. J. Levinson, and R. H. Williams, Chicago, Free Press, 1957. 21. Malamud, W.; Sands, S. L., and Malamud, I.: The Involutional Psychoses: A Socio-Psychiatric Study , Psychosom. Med. 3:410-426, 1941. 22. Miller, D. R., and Swanson, G.: Defense Against Conflict and Social Background, paper read as part of a symposium at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, September, 1953. 23. Morgan, N. C., and Johnson, N. A.: Failures in Psychiatry: The Chronic Hospital Patient , Am. J. Psychiat. 113:824-830, 1957. 24. Myers, J. K., and Schaffer, L.: Social Stratification and Psychiatric Practice: A Study of an Out-Patient Clinic , Am. Sociol. Rev. 19:307-310, 1954. 25. Opler, M. K., and Singer, J. L.: Ethnic Differences in Behavior and Psychopathology , Internat. J. Soc. Psychiat 2:11-22, 1956. 26. Rees, J. R.: in discussion on paper by Gruenberg, E. M., in Epidemiology of Mental Disorder, New York, Milbank Memorial Fund, 1950, pp. 51-52. 27. Robinson, H. A.; Redlich, F. C., and Myers, J. K.: Social Structure and Psychiatric Treatment , Am. J. Orthopsychiat. 24:307-316, 1954. 28. Rosenthal, D., and Frank, J. D.: The Fate of Psychiatric Clinic Outpatients Assigned to Psychotherapy , J. Nerv. & Ment. Dis. 127:330-343, 1958. 29. Weinstock, H. I.: Report of the Central Fact-Gathering Committee of the American Psychoanalytic Association, paper read at the 48th Annual Meeting of the American Psychopathological Association, New York, 1958. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of General Psychiatry American Medical Association

Sociopsychologic Aspects of Psychiatric Treatment in a Voluntary Mental Hospital: Duration of Hospitalization, Discharge Ratings, and Diagnosis

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References (21)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1959 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0375-8532
DOI
10.1001/archpsyc.1959.03590060027002
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract The increasing studies of the sociopsychological aspects of psychiatric treatment in recent years have primarily been concerned with treatment patterns in the community,12 private practice,29 and outpatient clinics.24,28 In the studies reported by Hollingshead, Redlich, and their co-workers12,27 it was found that social class was a major determinant of the type of psychiatric treatment in the New Haven community. Patients from the upper classes were more frequently treated with psychotherapy, while somatic or custodial care was commoner among the lower classes. They summarized their results by noting: “It was found that treatment does not depend on psychological and medical determinants alone, but on the status position of the patient as well.”27 Weinstock,29 reporting the results of a poll of the American Psychoanalytic Association, observed that the patients being treated by their members in private References 1. Adorno, T. W.; Frenkel-Brunswik, E.; Levinson, D. J., and Sanford, R. N.: The Authoritarian Personality , New York, Harper & Brothers, 1950. 2. Arieti, S.: The Decline of Manic-Depressive Psychosis: Its Significance in the Light of Dynamic and Social Psychiatry, paper read at 113th Annual Meeting of American Psychiatric Association, Chicago, 1957. 3. Arnot, R.: The Predepressed Personality , A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 76:617-618, 1956. 4. Chodoff, P.: A Re-examination of Some Aspects of Conversion Hysteria , Psychiatry 17:75-81, 1954. 5. Cohen, M. B.; Baker, B.; Cohen, R. A.; Fromm-Reichmann, F., and Weigert, E.: An Intensive Study of 12 Cases of Manic-Depressive Psychosis , Psychiatry 17:103-137, 1954. 6. Dunham, H. W., and Meltzer, B. N.: Predicting Length of Hospitalization of Mental Patients , Am. J. Sociol. 52:123-131, 1946. 7. Freyhan, F. A.: The Impact of Somatic Therapies on Course and Clinical Profile of the Schizophrenias , J. Clin. & Exper. Psychopath. 19:195-201, 1958. 8. Frumkin, R. M.: Occupation and Major Mental Disorders , in Mental Health and Mental Disorder, prepared by a committee of the Society for Study of Social Problems , edited by A. M. Rose, New York, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1955, pp. 136-160. 9. Hamilton, D. M., and Mann, W. A.: The Hospital Treatment of Involutional Psychoses, in Depression, Proceeding 42d Annual Meeting of American Psychopathological Association, edited by P. H. Hoch and J. Zubin, New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1952, pp. 199-209. 10. Harvey, W. A.: Changing Syndrome and Culture: Recent Studies in Comparative Psychiatry , Internat. J. Soc. Psychiat. 2:165-171, 1956. 11. Hillside Hospital: Twenty-Ninth Annual Report, 1956. 12. Hollingshead, A. B., and Redlich, F. C.: Social Class and Mental Illness: A Community Study , New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1958. 13. Kahn, R. L., and Fink, M.: Personality Factors in Behavioral Response to Electroshock Therapy, J. Neuropsychiatry, to be published. 14. Kahn, R. L.; Pollack, M., and Fink, M.: Social Factors in the Selection of Therapy in a Voluntary Mental Hospital , J. Hillside Hosp. 6:216-228, 1957. 15. Kahn, R. L., and Fink, M.: Changes in Language During Electroshock Therapy, in Psychopathology of Communication, Proceedings of 46th Annual Meeting of American Psychopathological Association, edited by P. H. Hoch and J. Zubin, New York, Grune & Stratton, Inc., 1958. 16. Kinsey, A. C.; Pomeroy, W. B., and Martin, C. E.: Sexual Behavior in the Human Male , Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1948. 17. Kramer, M.; Goldstein, H.; Israel, R. H., and Johnson, N. A.: A Historical Study of the Disposition of First Admissions to a State Mental Hospital , Public Health Monograph No. 32, Government Printing Office, 1955. 18. Kramer, K.; Pollack, E. S., and Redick, R. W.: Studies of Incidence and Prevalence of Hospitalized Mental Disorders in the United States: Current Status and Future Goals, paper read at the 49th Annual Meeting of the American Psychopathological Association, New York, 1959. 19. Landis, C., and Page, J. D.: Modern Society and Mental Disease , New York, Farrar & Rinehart, Inc., 1938. 20. Gallagher, E. B.; Levinson, D. J., and Erlich, I.: Some Sociopsychological Characteristics of Patients and Their Relevance for Psychiatric Treatment , in The Patient and the Mental Hospital , edited by M. Greenblatt, D. J. Levinson, and R. H. Williams, Chicago, Free Press, 1957. 21. Malamud, W.; Sands, S. L., and Malamud, I.: The Involutional Psychoses: A Socio-Psychiatric Study , Psychosom. Med. 3:410-426, 1941. 22. Miller, D. R., and Swanson, G.: Defense Against Conflict and Social Background, paper read as part of a symposium at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, September, 1953. 23. Morgan, N. C., and Johnson, N. A.: Failures in Psychiatry: The Chronic Hospital Patient , Am. J. Psychiat. 113:824-830, 1957. 24. Myers, J. K., and Schaffer, L.: Social Stratification and Psychiatric Practice: A Study of an Out-Patient Clinic , Am. Sociol. Rev. 19:307-310, 1954. 25. Opler, M. K., and Singer, J. L.: Ethnic Differences in Behavior and Psychopathology , Internat. J. Soc. Psychiat 2:11-22, 1956. 26. Rees, J. R.: in discussion on paper by Gruenberg, E. M., in Epidemiology of Mental Disorder, New York, Milbank Memorial Fund, 1950, pp. 51-52. 27. Robinson, H. A.; Redlich, F. C., and Myers, J. K.: Social Structure and Psychiatric Treatment , Am. J. Orthopsychiat. 24:307-316, 1954. 28. Rosenthal, D., and Frank, J. D.: The Fate of Psychiatric Clinic Outpatients Assigned to Psychotherapy , J. Nerv. & Ment. Dis. 127:330-343, 1958. 29. Weinstock, H. I.: Report of the Central Fact-Gathering Committee of the American Psychoanalytic Association, paper read at the 48th Annual Meeting of the American Psychopathological Association, New York, 1958.

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A.M.A. Archives of General Psychiatry – American Medical Association

Published: Dec 1, 1959

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