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C. A. McWilliams (1917)
Actinomycosis of Phalanx of the FingerAnn. Surg., 66
C. Emmons (1951)
ISOLATION OF CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS FROM SOILJournal of Bacteriology, 62
N. A. Evans (1903)
Clinical Report of a Case of Blastomycosis of the Skin from Accidental InoculationJ. A. M. A., 40
A. C. Curtis (1947)
Histoplasmosis: A Review of the Cutaneous and Adjacent Mucous Membrane Manifestations, with a Report of 3 casesJ. A. M. A., 134
R. J. Parsons (1945)
Histoplasmosis in Man: Report of 7 Cases and Review of 71 CasesArch. Int. Med., 75
N. Barwasser (1953)
Chromoblastomycosis; thirteenth reported case in the United States.Journal of the American Medical Association, 153 6
H. Conway, W. Berkeley (1952)
Chromoblastomycosis, mycetoma form, treated by surgical excision; correction of defect by cross leg pedicled flap.A.M.A. archives of dermatology and syphilology, 66 6
A. Ghon (1930)
Handbuch der Kindertuberkulose unter Mitwirkung von Fachgenossen
V. Z. Cope (1916)
A Clinical Study of Actinomycosis: Illustrative CasesBrit. J. Surg., 3
J. Schwarz (1951)
BlastomycosisAm. J. Clin. Path., 21
R. Parsons, C. Zarafonetis (1945)
Histoplasmosis in Man: report of seven cases and a review of seventy-one cases.JAMA Internal Medicine, 75
S. T. Darling (1906)
A Protozoan General Infection Producing Pseudotubercles in the Lungs and Focal Necroses in the Liver, Spleen, and Lymph nodesJ. A. M. A., 46
W. Gandy (1950)
Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis.Archives of dermatology and syphilology, 62 1
R. Robinson (1944)
Actinomycosis of the subcutaneous tissue of the forearm secondary to a human bite.JAMA, 124
L. Weed, E. Parkhill (1948)
The diagnosis of histoplasmosis in ulcerative disease of the mouth and pharynx.American journal of clinical pathology, 18 2
C. H. Binford , G. Hess (1944)
Chromoblastomycosis: Report of a Case from Continental United States and Discussion of the Classification of the Causative FungusArch. Dermat. & Syph., 49
T. C. Gilchrist (1902)
Blastomycetic Dermatitis in the NegroBrit. M. J., 2
H. Conway (1952)
Chromoblastomycosis (Mycetoma Form) Treated by Surgical Excision: Correction of Defect by Cross Leg Pedicled FlapA. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph., 66
B. Barrack (1952)
CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS IN QUEENSLANDAustralasian Journal of Dermatology, 1
E. C. Dickson (1938)
Coccidioides Infection (Coccidioidomycosis)Arch. Int. Med., 62
A. Curtis, J. Grekin (1947)
Histoplasmosis; a review of the cutaneous and adjacent mucous membrane manifestations with a report of three cases.Journal of the American Medical Association, 134 15
B. B. Barrack (1952)
Chromoblastomycosis in QueenslandAustralian J. Dermat., 1
J. Schwarz (1931)
Aktinomykose in LymphknotenZentralbl. Bakt., 122
R. E. Powell (1952)
A Survey of Chromoblastomycosis in QueenslandAustralian J. Dermat., 1
F. A. Torrey (1947)
A Cutaneous Torulosis in a Patient with Hodgkin's DiseaseArch. Dermat. & Syph., 55
B. Gendel, M. Ende, S. Norman (1950)
Cryptococcosis; a review with special reference to apparent association with Hodgkin's disease.The American journal of medicine, 9 3
R. Azulay (1952)
Experimental Chromoblastomycosis in Man1Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 19
N. C. Barwasser (1953)
Chromoblastomycosis: 13th Reported Case in the United StatesJ. A. M. A., 153
R. E. Burns (1950)
Chromoblastomycosis in a Canadian Airman Serving in CeylonCanad. M. A. J., 63
F. D. Weidman (1941)
Chromoblastomycosis: A New and Important Blastomycosis in North America: Report of a Case in PhiladelphiaArch. Dermat. & Syph., 43
Torrey Fa (1947)
Cutaneous torulosis in a patient with Hodgkin's disease.Archives of Dermatology, 55
Wilson Jw, Smith Ce, Plunkett Oa (1953)
Primary cutaneous coccidioidomycosis; the criteria for diagnosis and a report of a case.California medicine, 79
M. Moore (1940)
Chromomycosis of the Face: Report of a Case and a Study of the Causative Organism, Phialophora verrucosaArch. Dermat. & Syph., 41
F. Weidman, L. Rosenthal (1941)
CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS: A NEW AND IMPORTANT BLASTOMYCOSIS IN NORTH AMERICA: REPORT OF A CASE IN PHILADELPHIAArchives of Dermatology, 43
N. Evans (1903)
A CLINICAL REPORT OF A CASE OF BLASTOMYCOSIS OF THE SKIN FROM ACCIDENTAL INOCULATION.JAMA
L. Berger , M. Beaudry (1945)
Chromoblastomycosis Due to a New Species of FungusCanad. M. A. J., 53
E. Dickson, M. Gifford (1938)
COCCIDIOIDES INFECTION (COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS): II. THE PRIMARY TYPE OF INFECTIONJAMA Internal Medicine, 62
C. Binford, G. Hess, C. Emmons (1944)
CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS: REPORT OF A CASE FROM CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES AND DISCUSSION OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE CAUSATIVE FUNGUSArchives of Dermatology, 49
M. Moore, P. Mapother (1940)
LXXXVII.—CHROMOMYCOSIS OF THE FACE: REPORT OF A CASE AND A STUDY OF THE CAUSATIVE ORGANISM, PHIALOPHORA VERRUCOSAArchives of Dermatology, 41
R. Greening, L. Menville (1947)
Roentgen findings in torulosis; report of four cases.Radiology, 48 4
L. B. Cox (1946)
Human Torulosis
W. Thomas, J. Mitchell (1947)
Histoplasmosis; report of diagnosis from biopsy of cutaneous nodules.The American journal of medicine, 2 5
J. K. Howles , C. B. Kennedy, W. H. Garvin, J. W. Brueck (1954)
Chromoblastomycosis: Report of 9 Cases from a Single Area in LouisianaA. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph., 69
E. Powell (1952)
A SURVEY OF CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS IN QUEENSLANDAustralasian Journal of Dermatology, 1
Symposium on Sporotrichosis: Infection in Mines of the Witwatersrand, The Transvaal Chamber of Mines, Johannesburg, December, 1944
Evans Ee, Harrell Er (1952)
Cryptococcosis (torulosis); a review of recent cases.Medical bulletin (Ann Arbor, Mich.), 18
H. Miller, F. Keddie (1947)
Histoplasmosis; cutaneous and mucomembranous lesions, mycologic and pathologic observations.Archives of dermatology and syphilology, 56
M. Furcolow, W. Guntheroth, M. Willis (1952)
The frequency of laboratory infections with Histoplasma capsulatum: their clinical and x-ray characteristics.The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 40 2
E. E. Evans (1952)
Cryptococcosis (Torulosis): A Review of Recent CasesUniv. Michigan M. Bull., 18
A. L. Carrión (1950)
ChromoblastomycosisAnn. New York Acad. Sc., 50
Furcolow Ml, Grayston Jt (1952)
Nontuberculous chest diseases: occurrence of histoplasmosis in epidemics., 48
Burns Re (1950)
Chromoblastomycosis in a Canadian airman serving in Ceylon.Canadian Medical Association Journal, 63
Abstract . . . lymph nodes reflect like a mirror the pathology of the parenchyma . . .—Parrot, 1876. INFECTIOUS granulomatous diseases follow a certain pattern which permits differentiation of primary from secondary involvement, and the skin is an organ where this behavior can be very well studied. At the point of entrance of many organisms a primary sore is formed (cutaneous American leishmaniasis, tularemia, scrub typhus, tsutsugamushi, Rickettsial pox, yaws, syphilis, tuberculosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, sporotrichosis) and the course of the disease is fairly constant. A short time later lymphangitis and regional lymphadenitis appear, and generally the disease is self-limited and comes to a standstill at the level of the regional lymph nodes. While these facts should speak for themselves, it has become a custom to confuse these clear-cut issues, and several of the fungus diseases are erroneously classified as "primary" cutaneous lesions. In the following pages References 1. References 15 and 33. 2. Personal communication to the authors. 3. References 17 and 18. 4. References 3, 4, 6, 8, 24, and 27. 5. Azulay, R. D.: Experimental Chromoblastomycosis in Man , J. Invest. Dermat. 19:307-309, 1952.Crossref 6. Barrack, B. B.: Chromoblastomycosis in Queensland , Australian J. Dermat. 1:208-213, 1952. 7. Barwasser, N. C.: Chromoblastomycosis: 13th Reported Case in the United States . J. A. M. A. 153:556, 1953.Crossref 8. Berger, L.; Beaudry, M., and Gaumond, E.: Chromoblastomycosis Due to a New Species of Fungus , Canad. M. A. J. 53:138, 1945. 9. Binford, C. H.; Hess, G., and Emmons, C. W.: Chromoblastomycosis: Report of a Case from Continental United States and Discussion of the Classification of the Causative Fungus , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 49:398-402, 1944. 10. Burns, R. E.: Chromoblastomycosis in a Canadian Airman Serving in Ceylon , Canad. M. A. J. 63:595-596, 1950. 11. Carrión, A. L.: Chromoblastomycosis , Ann. New York Acad. Sc. 50:1255-1280, 1950. 12. Conway, H., and Berkeley, W.: Chromoblastomycosis (Mycetoma Form) Treated by Surgical Excision: Correction of Defect by Cross Leg Pedicled Flap , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 66:695-702, 1952. 13. Cope, V. Z.: A Clinical Study of Actinomycosis: Illustrative Cases , Brit. J. Surg. 3:55-81, 1916-17. 14. Cox, L. B., and Tolhurst, J. C.: Human Torulosis , Melbourne, Melbourne University Press, 1946. 15. Curtis, A. C., and Grekin, J. N.: Histoplasmosis: A Review of the Cutaneous and Adjacent Mucous Membrane Manifestations, with a Report of 3 cases , J. A. M. A. 134:1217-1224, 1947. 16. Darling, S. T.: A Protozoan General Infection Producing Pseudotubercles in the Lungs and Focal Necroses in the Liver, Spleen, and Lymph nodes , J. A. M. A. 46:1283-1285, 1906. 17. Dickson, E. C., and Gifford, M. A.: Coccidioides Infection (Coccidioidomycosis) , Arch. Int. Med. 62:853, 1938. 18. Emmons, C. W.: Isolation of Cryptococcus Neoformans from Soil , J. Bact. 62:685-690, 1951. 19. Evans, N. A.: Clinical Report of a Case of Blastomycosis of the Skin from Accidental Inoculation , J. A. M. A. 40:1772-1775, 1903. 20. Evans, E. E., and Harrell, E. R., Jr.: Cryptococcosis (Torulosis): A Review of Recent Cases , Univ. Michigan M. Bull. 18:43-59, 1952. 21. Furcolow, M. L., and Grayston, J. T.: Nontuberculous Chest Diseases: Occurrence of Histoplasmosis in Epidemics , Tr. Nat. Tuberc. A. 48: 83-91, 1951. 22. Furcolow, M. L.; Guntheroth, W. G., and Willis, M. J.: The Frequency of Laboratory Infections with Histoplasma Capsulatum: Their clinical and x-ray Characteristics , J. Lab & Clin. Med. 40:182-187, 1952. 23. Gandy, W. M.: Primary Cutaneous Cryptococcosis , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 62:97-104, 1950. 24. Gendel, B. R.; Ende, M., and Norman, S. L.: Cryptococcosis: A Review with Special Reference to Apparent Association with Hodgkin's Disease , Am. J. Med. 9:343-353, 1950. 25. Ghon, A., and Kudlich, H: Die Eintrittspforte der Infektion vom Standpunkt der pathologischen Anatomie , in Engel, S., and Pirquet, C.: Handbuch der Kindertuberkulose unter Mitwirkung von Fachgenossen , Leipzig, G. Thieme, 1930. 26. Gilchrist, T. C.: Blastomycetic Dermatitis in the Negro , Brit. M. J. 2:1321-1328, 1902. 27. Greening, R. R., and Menville, L. J.: Roentgen Findings in Torulosis, Report of 4 Cases , Radiology 48:381-388, 1947. 28. Howles, J. K.; Kennedy, C. B.; Garvin, W. H.; Brueck, J. W., and Buddingh, G. J.: Chromoblastomycosis: Report of 9 Cases from a Single Area in Louisiana , A. M. A. Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 69:83-90, 1954. 29. McWilliams, C. A.: Actinomycosis of Phalanx of the Finger , Ann. Surg. 66:117-118, 1917. 30. Miller, H. E.; Keddie, F. M.; Johnstone, H. G., and Bostick, W. I.: Histoplasmosis: Cutaneous and Mucomembranous Lesions, Mycologic and Pathologic Observations , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 56:715-739, 1947. 31. Moore, M., and Mapother, P.: Chromomycosis of the Face: Report of a Case and a Study of the Causative Organism, Phialophora verrucosa , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 41:42-54, 1940. 32. Parrot, L. M. J.: Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. 28:308-309, 1876. 33. Parsons, R. J., and Zarafonetis, C. J. D.: Histoplasmosis in Man: Report of 7 Cases and Review of 71 Cases , Arch. Int. Med. 75:1-23, 1945. 34. Powell, R. E.: A Survey of Chromoblastomycosis in Queensland , Australian J. Dermat. 1:214-222, 1952. 35. Robinson, R. A.: Actinomycosis of the Subcutaneous Tissue of the Forearm Secondary to a Human Bite , J. A. M. A. 124:1049-1051, 1944. 36. Schwarz, J.: Aktinomykose in Lymphknoten , Zentralbl. Bakt. 122:373-380, 1931. 37. Schwarz, J., and Baum, G. L.: Blastomycosis , Am. J. Clin. Path. 21:999-1029, 1951. 38. Symposium on Sporotrichosis: Infection in Mines of the Witwatersrand, The Transvaal Chamber of Mines, Johannesburg, December, 1944 . 39. Thomas, W. A., and Mitchell, J. H.: Histoplasmosis: Report of Diagnosis from Biopsy of Cutaneous Nodules , Am. J. Med. 2:538-543, 1947. 40. Torrey, F. A.: A Cutaneous Torulosis in a Patient with Hodgkin's Disease , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 55:738-739, 1947. 41. Weed, L. A., and Parkhill, E. M.: The Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis in Ulcerative Disease of the Mouth and Pharynx , Am. J. Clin. Path. 18: 130-138, 1948. 42. Weidman, F. D., and Rosenthal, L. H.: Chromoblastomycosis: A New and Important Blastomycosis in North America: Report of a Case in Philadelphia , Arch. Dermat. & Syph. 43: 62-84, 1941. 43. Wilson, J. W.; Smith, C. E., and Plunkett, O. A.: Primary Cutaneous Coccidioidomycosis: the Criteria for Diagnosis and a Report of a Case , California Med. 79:233-239, 1953.
A.M.A. Archives of Dermatology – American Medical Association
Published: Feb 1, 1955
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