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Oil of chenopodrem, or American wormseed oil, a part of the physician's armamentarium for the treatment of intestinal parasites, can give rise to alarming toxic symptoms and death, even when given in therapeutic doses. Wormseed oil, extracted by steam distillation, is the volatile oil of the fruit of Chenopodium ambrosioides, var. anthelminticum. This oil is a pale yellow liquid with an unpleasant odor and a bitter, burning taste. The chemical constituents are ascaridole, p-cymene, d-camphor, 1-limonene and saponins. Its anthelmintic property is ascribed to the ascaridole content and the toxicity to either the active ingredient or cymene. Newer therapeutic agents have largely replaced oil of chenopodium, but it still finds use in the treatment of hookworm, roundworm and pinworm infections. It acts by paralyzing the worm rather than by causing its immediate death. The mode of action explains the rationale of following administration of the drug by purgation. Toxic reactions
JAMA – American Medical Association
Published: Oct 12, 1946
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