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HM Marks
The Progress of Experiment: Science and Therapeutic Reform in the United States, 1900-1990.
LW Smith, AD Walker
Penicillin Decade, 1941-1951.
H Dowling
Fighting Infection.
H. Goodman (1945)
WILL PENICILLIN BE USED INDISCRIMINATELYJAMA, 127
Emanuel Appelbaum, disease specialist, 98.
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C. Fletcher (1984)
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L. Holt
OBSERVATIONS ON THREE HUNDRED CASES OF ACUTE MENINGITIS IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDRENJAMA Pediatrics
H. Hodes, Margaret Smith, Howard Ickes (1943)
SIXTY CASES OF PNEUMOCOCCIC MENINGITIS TREATED WITH SULFONAMIDESJAMA, 121
KA Infeld (1993)
Emanuel Appelbaum., 270
Karen Infeld (1993)
Emanuel Appelbaum, MDJAMA, 270
J. Young, Charles Schlosberg, C. Gettes, S. Manconi (1943)
Pneumococcal Meningitis: Recovery Following Treatment with Sulfadiazine and Specific AntiserumThe New England Journal of Medicine, 229
H Goodman (1945)
Will penicillin be used indiscriminately [reply]?, 127
Set plans to rule penicillin supply.
J Young, C Schlosberg, CN Gettes, SA Manconi (1943)
Pneumococcal meningitis: recovery following treatment with sulfadiazine and specific antiserum?report of a case., 229
LA Falk (1945)
Will penicillin be used indiscriminately [letter]?, 127
H. Alexander (1943)
TREATMENT OF HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE INFECTIONS AND OF MENINGOCOCCIC AND PNEUMOCOCCIC MENINGITISJAMA Pediatrics, 66
G. Hobby (1985)
Penicillin : meeting the challengeThe American Historical Review, 91
A. Fleming (1929)
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John Parascandola, Harry Marks (1997)
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A. Litvak, E. Appelbaum, M. Greene (1944)
PNEUMOCOCCIC MENINGITIS: COMPLETE RECOVERY OF A SIX MONTH OLD INFANT TREATED WITH PENICILLINJAMA Pediatrics, 67
PEA di Sant’Tagnese, DH Andersen (1946)
Chemotherapy in infections of the respiratory tract associated with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas; observations with penicillin and drugs of the sulfonamide group, with special reference to penicillin aerosol., 72
COMMENTARY Complete Recovery of a 6-Month-Old Infant Treated With Penicillin BRAHAM M. LITVAK, TREATING ACCESS TO PENICILLIN director of pediat- PNEUMOCOCCAL MENINGITIS BEFORE PENICILLIN rics at Beth-El Hos- Reports that gram-positive organ- pital in Brooklyn, isms such as the pneumococcus re- New York, and his Eminent pediatrician Luther Em- sponded to penicillin excited phy- colleagues Emanuel Appelbaum and mett Holt observed in the first is- sicians, who then became anxious to Morton Greene could scarcely be- sue of AJDC in 1911 that the diag- try it in clinical practice. However, lieve their eyes in early November nosis of pneumococcal meningitis obtaining penicillin proved diffi- 4(p36) 1943 at the response of a 6-month- was “almost invariably fatal.” As cult before 1945 because the mili- old “moribund” infant to the new pediatrician and infectious disease tary controlled most of the supply drug penicillin. They character- researcher Hattie Alexander de- during World War II. By March ized the infant’s “dramatic” recov- tailed in AJDC in 1943, until the ad- 1942, only enough penicillin had ery from highly fatal “pneumococ- vent of sulfonamide therapy in the been produced by American com- cic” meningitis as “little short of late 1930s, standard treatment for panies
JAMA Pediatrics – American Medical Association
Published: May 1, 2011
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