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/lp/american-medical-association/photorefraction-a-technique-for-preschool-visual-screening-dGXm0zXKxc
- Publisher
- American Medical Association
- Copyright
- Copyright © 1987 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
- ISSN
- 0003-9950
- eISSN
- 1538-3687
- DOI
- 10.1001/archopht.1987.01060110043027
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Abstract Although precise prevalence figures regarding amblyopia and strabismus are not easily obtained, most studies suggest that at least 5% of the population is affected by these disorders.1,2 In a large percentage of patients, they go undetected and untreated. A survey of 6768 youths 12 to 17 years old showed that more than 5% had strabismus, yet only 1.4% had ever received treatment.3 The need for early detection and treatment of these disorders has been emphasized by both clinicians and basic scientists interested in the plasticity of developing visual systems.4 Although some authorities have questioned the efficacy of preschool screening programs,5 a policy statement by the American Academy of Ophthalmology, Infant and Children's Eye Care, in part asserts that "The American Academy of Ophthalmology strongly endorses the concept of early screening and treatment of eye and visual problems of infants and children." See also p 1528. It References 1. Reinecke R: Current concepts in ophthalmology: Strabismus . N Engl J Med 1979;300:1139-1141.Crossref 2. Simons K, Reinecke R: Amblyopia screening and stereopsis , in Boswell F (ed): Symposium on Strabismus: Transactions of the New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology . St Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1978, pp 15-51. 3. US National Center for Health Statistics: Eye Examination Findings Among Youths 12-17 Years, US Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare publication 76-1637. Vital and Health Statistics, series II, No. 155, 1976. 4. Ehrlich MI, Reinecke RD, Simons K: Preschool vision screening for amblyopia and strabismus: Programs, methods, guidelines . Surv Ophthalmol 1983;28:145-163.Crossref 5. Ingram WW, Holland C, Walker JM, et al: Screening for visual defects in preschool children . Br J Ophthalmol 1986;70:1621. 6. Reinecke R, Simons K: A new stereoscopic test for amblyopia screening . Am J Ophthalmol 1974;78:714-721. 7. Avilla C, von Noorden GK: Limitations of the TNO random dot stereo test for visual screening . Am Orthoptic J 1981;31:87-90. 8. Kaakinen K: Photographic screening for strabismus and high refractive errors of children aged 1-4 years . Acta Ophthalmol 1981;59:38-44.Crossref 9. Hay SH, Kerr JH, Jayroe RR, et al: Retinal reflex photometry as a screening device for amblyopia and preamblyopic states in children . South Med J 1983;76:309-312.Crossref 10. Dav SH, Norcia AM: Photographic detection of amblyogenic factors . Ophthalmology 1986;93:25-28.Crossref 11. Morgan KS, Johnson WD: Clinical evaluation of a commercial photorefractor . Arch Ophthalmol 1987;105:1528-1531.Crossref 12. US Bureau of the Census: School of enrollment: Social and economic characteristics of students, October 1980. Population Characteristics Series, No. 362, 1981, p 20, Table 6.
Journal
Archives of Ophthalmology – American Medical Association
Published: Nov 1, 1987