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PERORAL ENDOSCOPY

PERORAL ENDOSCOPY Abstract ANATOMIC and physiologic studies of the tracheobronchia[ill] tree and esophagus are necessary so that information gained may later be applied clinically. By these observations the clinician is guided in his search for the correct diagnosis and proper treatment, and new thoughts and interest in new fields of endeavor are stimulated. PHYSIOLOGY OF TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREE Any addition to the knowledge of the underlying physiology of respiratory obstruction is a basic contribution to the understanding of this problem. Gray1 demonstrated that the first change resulting from respiratory obstruction was a reduction in the ventilation capacity of the pulmonary bellows, which if mild meant dyspnea on exertion and if severe meant dyspnea even at rest. The second respiratory change was hypoventilation, resulting in an increased oxygen consumption being necessary to support the extra respiratory effort. As hypoventilation became severer, it caused first a retention of carbon dioxide, second a fall in the References 1. Gray, J. S.: The Physiology of Respiratory Obstruction , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:72 ( (March) ) 1950. 2. Hilding, A. C.: The Removal of Air from the Respiratory Tract and Certain Other Body Spaces Under Normal and Abnormal Conditions , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:309 ( (June) ) 1950. 3. Ballenger, J. J.: The Producing of Negative Pressures by Respiratory Cilia , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:694 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 4. Morton, D. R.; Klassen, K. P., and Curtis, G. M.: The Clinical Physiology of the Human Bronchi , Surgery 28:699 ( (Oct.) ) 1950. 5. Neil, J. H.: Azygos Lobes of the Lung, and Terminology of the Bronchopulmonary Segments of the Bronchial Tree , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:409 ( (June) ) 1950. 6. Leiner, G. C., and Liebler, J. B.: The Technique of Bronchospirometry , Dis. Chest 17:578 ( (May) ) 1950. 7. Long, J. H.; Norris, C. M.; Burnett, W. E., and Wester, M. R.: Bronchospirometric Studies in Bronchiectasis, Before and After Lobectomy , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:477 ( (March) ) 1950. 8. Davis, D. A.: The Induction of Anesthesia for Suspension Laryngoscopy with Cocaine, Sodium Pentothal and Curare , Anesthesiology 11:245 ( (March) ) 1950. 9. Clark, J. V., and Goodwin, G. P.: Anesthesia and Surgical Procedure for Bronchoscopy , J. Laryng. & Otol. 64:570 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 10. Emerson, E. B., Jr.: A Safe and Positive Method of Tracheobronchial Aspiration in the Newborn , J. A. M. A. 144:613 ( (Oct. 21) ) 1950. 11. Samson, P. C., and Dugan, D. J.: Tracheobronchial Toilet in Infant and Adult , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:738 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 12. Buyers, R. A.: A Double Lumen Intratracheal Tube for Simultaneous Oxygen Administration and Tracheobronchial Aspiration , Surgery 27:74 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 13. Doust, A. W.: Bronchoscopy in Atelectasis in the Newborn , Laryngoscope 60:207 ( (March) ) 1950. 14. Blaisdell, I. H.: The Endoscopist and the Newborn Infant , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:907 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 15. Priest, R. E.: Unusual Conditions Simulating Pulmonary Atelectasis , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:889 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 16. Andrews, A. H., Jr., and McMahon, R. J.: Rupture of the Trachea During Bronchoscopy and Principles of Positioning for Endoscopic Procedures , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:726 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 17. Dickey, L. C.: An Unusually Large Tracheal Foreign Body , Laryngoscope 60:392 ( (April) ) 1950. 18. Holinger, P. H.; Johnston, K. C., and Basinger, C. E.: Benign Stenosis of the Trachea . Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:837 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 19. Guttman, M. R.; Simon, M. U., and Nitka, C. B.: Primary Carcinoma of the Trachea , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:172 ( (Aug.) ) 1950. 20. Holinger, P. H.; Novak, F. J., and Johnston, K. C.: Tumors of the Trachea , Laryngoscope 60:1086 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 21. Echols, D. H.; Llewellyn, R.; Kirgis, H. D.; Rehfeldt, F. C., and Garcia-Bengochea, F.: Tracheotomy in the Management of Severe Head Injuries , Surgery 28:801 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 22. Reynolds, J. T.; Holinger, P. H.; Andrews, A. H., Jr.; Young, J. P., Jr., and Marlowe, W. H.: Role of Tracheotomy in the Postoperative Care of Patients Subjected to Esophagectomy , Arch. Surg. 61:211 ( (Aug.) ) 1950.Crossref 23. Creech, O.; Woodhall, J. P., and Ochsner, A.: The Necessity for Tracheotomy in the Treatment of Tetanus to Prevent Lethal Respiratory Complications , Surgery 27:62 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 24. Jackson, C.: Bronchial Obstruction , Dis. Chest 17:125 ( (Feb.) ) 1950.Crossref 25. Gorman, J. R.: The Use of a Wetting Agent in Laryngotracheobronchitis with Report of Cases to Date , Laryngoscope 60:510 ( (May) ) 1950.Crossref 26. Heatly, C. A.: Localized Pulmonary Hodgkin's Disease: Bronchoscopic Aspects , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:705 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 27. Higginson, J. F., and Grismer, J. T.: Obstructing Intrabronchial Hodgkin's Disease , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:961 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 28. Erman, E. D.: Treatment of Endobronchial Tuberculosis with Streptomycin , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:51 ( (July) ) 1950. 29. Schmidt, H. W.; Clagett, O. T., and McDonald, J. R.: Broncholithiasis , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:226 ( (Feb.) ) 1950. 30. Coodley, E. L.: Pulmonary Abscess as Complication of Hiatal Hernia , Dis. Chest 17:102 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 31. Baylin, G. J., and Martin, T. L.: The Clinical and Roentgen Aspects of Non-Opaque Pulmonary Foreign Bodies , North Carolina M. J. 11:59 ( (Feb.) ) 1950. 32. Bannon, F. M.: Unsuspected Foreign Body of Bronchus , Connecticut M. J. 14:696 ( (Aug.) ) 1950. 33. Myerson, M. C.: Unusual Foreign Body in a Secondary Bronchus , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:760 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 34. Whalen, E. J.: Magnet Extraction of Foreign Bodies , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:717 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 35. Moersch, H. J., and McDonald, J. R.: Bronchial Adenoma , J. A. M. A. 142:299 ( (Feb. 4) ) 1950. 36. Williams, R. B., Jr., and Daniel, R. A., Jr.: Leiomyoma of the Lung , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:806 ( (May) ) 1950. 37. Whiteside, J. H.: Hamartoma of the Lung , Canad. M. A. J. 63:383 ( (Oct.) ) 1950. 38. Ford, W. B.; Thompson, C. W., and Blades, B.: Xanthoma of the Lung , Postgrad. Med. 8:48 ( (July) ) 1950. 39. Black, H.: Fibrosarcoma of the Bronchus , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:123 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 40. Carswell, J., Jr., and Kraeft, N. H.: Fibrosarcoma of the Bronchus , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:117 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 41. Curry, J. J., and Fuchs, J. E.: Expectoration of a Fibrosarcoma , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:135 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 42. O'Keefe, J. J.: The Cytologic Diagnosis of Primary Bronchogenic Carcinoma , Laryngoscope 60:931 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 43. Woolner, L. B., and McDonald, J. R.: Cytologic Diagnosis of Bronchogenic Carcinoma , Dis. Chest 17:1 ( (Jan.) ) 1950.Crossref 44. Ross, R. C.: The Value of Sputum Examination in Diagnosis of Cancer of the Lung , Canad. M. A. J. 63:11 ( (July) ) 1950. 45. Cahan, W. G., and Farr, H. W.: Tracheal Aspiration: An Additional Method for the Early Diagnosis of Carcinoma of the Lung , Cancer 3:475 ( (May) ) 1950.Crossref 46. Good, C. A.; McDonald, J. R.; Clagett, O. T., and Griffith, E. R.: Alveolar Cell Tumors of the Lung , Am. J. Roentgenol. 64:1 ( (July) ) 1950. 47. Griffith, E. R.; McDonald, J. R., and Clagett, O. T.: Alveolar Cell Tumors of the Lung , J. Thoracic Surg. 30:949 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 48. Brackett, J. G., and Lautz, H. A.: Double Malignant Tumor Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Esophagobronchial Fistula , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:225 ( (Aug.) ) 1950.Crossref 49. Coleman, F. P., and Bunch, G. H., Jr.: Acquired Nonmalignant Esophagotracheobronchial Fistula , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:542 ( (April) ) 1950. 50. Morton, D. R.; Osborne, J. F., and Klassen, K. P.: An Apparently Congenital Bronchoesophageal Fistula Persistent to Adult Life , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:811 ( (May) ) 1950. 51. Carter, M. G., and Zamcheck, N.: Esophagoscopy in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding , New England J. Med. 242:280 ( (Feb. 23) ) 1950.Crossref 52. Thomson, J. D.: Spontaneous Perforation of the Esophagus , Glasgow M. J. 31:151 ( (April) ) 1950. 53. Oppenheim, H.: Unusual Etiology of Esophageal Perforation , Dis. Chest 17:450 ( (April) ) 1950.Crossref 54. Brown, R. K., and Brown, E. C.: Congenital Esophageal Anomalies , Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 91:545 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 55. Belsey, R. H. R., and Donnison, C. P.: Congenital Atresia of the Esophagus , Brit. M. J. 2:324 ( (Aug. 5) ) 1950. 56. Ferguson, D. J.; Sanchez-Palomera, E.; Sako, Y.; Clatworthy, H. W., Jr.; Toon, R. W., and Wagensteen, O. H.: Studies on Experimental Esophagitis , Surgery 28:1022 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 57. Franklin, R. H., and Taylor, S.: Nonspecific Granulomatous (Regional) Esophagitis , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:292 ( (Feb.) ) 1950. 58. Jackson, C. L.: High Esophageal Stenosis , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:803 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 59. Strumboff, A. V.: Chemical Burns of the Oral Cavity and Esophagus , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:419 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 60. Tucker, G.; Lautz, V.; Tracy, J. B., and Fearon, B. W.: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Benign Stenosis of the Esophagus, with Special Reference to Treatment by Dilatation with the Indwelling Cannulated Bougie , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:823 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 61. Straus, G. D.: Stricture of the Esophagus Associated with Operation for Duodenal Ulcer , Arch. Otolaryng. 51:165 ( (Feb.) ) 1950.Crossref 62. Bigger, I. A., and Vinson, P. P.: Carcinoma Secondary to Burns of the Esophagus from Ingestion of Lye , Surgery 28:887 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 63. Redish, M. H.: Benign Esophageal Stricture and Carcinoma of the Esophagus , U. S. Armed Forces M. J. 1:447 ( (April) ) 1950. 64. Friedberg, S. A.: Observations on the Esophagus Following Vagotomy , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:751 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 65. Hudson, T. R., and Head, J. R.: Syphilis of the Esophagus , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:216 ( (Aug.) ) 1950. 66. Rashid, A.: Atypical Case of Foreign Body in the Esophagus , Laryngoscope 60:945 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 67. Edwards, R. W.: Accidents of Dental Origin , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:88 ( (July) ) 1950. 68. Latella, P. D., and Jones, D. H.: An Unusual Course of an Open Safety Pin in a Baby 8 Months Old , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:254 ( (March) ) 1950. 69. Laff, H. I.: Fishbone in Mediastinum Removed by Esophagoscopy , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:690 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 70. Gutteridge, E.: Roentgenograms of Mediastinal Abscess , Arch. Otolaryng. 51:272 ( (Feb.) ) 1950. 71. Bender, M. S., and Clayton, S.: Fracture of Stomach Magnet , Arch. Otolaryng. 51:616 ( (April) ) 1950. 72. Clerf, L. H.; Shallow, T. A.; Putney, F. J., and Fry, K. E.: Esophageal Hiatal Hernia , J. A. M. A. 143:169 ( (May 13) ) 1950. 73. Pickhardt, O. C.; Rafsky, H. A., and Ghiselin, F. H.: Treatment of Hiatus Hernia in Older Persons , J. A. M. A. 142:310 ( (Feb. 4) ) 1950. 74. Smithers, D. W.: The Association of Cancer of the Gastric Cardia with Partial Thoracic Stomach, Short Esophagus and Peptic Ulceration , Brit. J. Radiol. 23:261 ( (May) ) 1950. 75. Dorfman, M.: Carcinoma Associated with Diaphragmatic Herniation of the Stomach , Radiology 55:254 ( (Aug.) ) 1950. 76. Dawson, J., and Richards, H. G. H.: Carcinoma in a Herniated Gastric Cardia Associated with Short Esophagus , Brit. J. Radiol. 23:270 ( (May) ) 1950. 77. Guttman, M. R., and Simon, M. U.: The Treatment of Cardiospasm , Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Month . 29:245 ( (May) ) 1950. 78. Hoover, W. B.: Cardiospasm or Achalasia of the Cardia , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:766 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 79. Allen, R. P.: Cardio-Esophageal Relaxation , Radiology 55:214 ( (Aug.) ) 1950. 80. Gutteridge, E.: Cardiospasm with Thoracic Stomach and Congenital Shortening of the Esophagus , Arch. Otolaryng. 51:102 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 81. Asherson, N.: Achalasia of the Cricopharyngeal Sphincter , J. Laryng. & Otol. 64:747 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 82. Hubbard, T. B., and Leven, N. L.: Esophageal Dilatation: A Contraindication to the Swallowed Thread, and an Alternative Method , Surgery 27:126 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 83. O'Leary, C. M., and Burnett, H. A.: Lacerations of the Jejunum by a Taut String , Surgery 27:893 ( (June) ) 1950. 84. Frew, I. J. C.: Tuberculosis of the Esophagus , J. Laryng. & Otol. 64:774 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 85. Ireland, P. E., and Bryce, D. P.: Esophageal Tumors , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:1 ( (July) ) 1950. 86. Engelking, C. F.; Knight, M. D.; Brauns, W. H., and Hershberger, L. R.: Benign Tumors of the Esophagus , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:150 ( (Aug.) ) 1950. 87. Daniel, R. A., Jr., and Williams, R. B., Jr.: Leiomyoma of the Esophagus , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:800 ( (May) ) 1950. 88. Chi, P. S. H., and Adams, W. E.: Benign Tumors of the Esophagus , Arch. Surg. 60:92 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 89. Goldman, A., and Masters, H.: Leiomyoma of the Esophagus , Arch. Surg. 60:559 ( (March) ) 1950. 90. Cornell, N. W.; Shehadi, W. H., and Sharnoff, J. G.: Leiomyomas of the Esophagus , Surgery 28:881 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 91. Dugan, D. J., and Meagher, R.: Esophageal Leiomyomas , Arch. Surg. 61:1066 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 92. Swartz, M., and Arrag, F.: Mucus Cyst of the Esophagus , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:565 ( (June) ) 1950. 93. Gledhill, E. Y., and Morrow, A. G.: Ciliated Epithelial Cyst of the Esophagus , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:923 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 94. Thorek, P., and Neiman, B. H.: Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Esophagus , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:77 ( (July) ) 1950. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Otolaryngology American Medical Association

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References (93)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1951 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-6894
DOI
10.1001/archotol.1951.03750090083009
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract ANATOMIC and physiologic studies of the tracheobronchia[ill] tree and esophagus are necessary so that information gained may later be applied clinically. By these observations the clinician is guided in his search for the correct diagnosis and proper treatment, and new thoughts and interest in new fields of endeavor are stimulated. PHYSIOLOGY OF TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREE Any addition to the knowledge of the underlying physiology of respiratory obstruction is a basic contribution to the understanding of this problem. Gray1 demonstrated that the first change resulting from respiratory obstruction was a reduction in the ventilation capacity of the pulmonary bellows, which if mild meant dyspnea on exertion and if severe meant dyspnea even at rest. The second respiratory change was hypoventilation, resulting in an increased oxygen consumption being necessary to support the extra respiratory effort. As hypoventilation became severer, it caused first a retention of carbon dioxide, second a fall in the References 1. Gray, J. S.: The Physiology of Respiratory Obstruction , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:72 ( (March) ) 1950. 2. Hilding, A. C.: The Removal of Air from the Respiratory Tract and Certain Other Body Spaces Under Normal and Abnormal Conditions , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:309 ( (June) ) 1950. 3. Ballenger, J. J.: The Producing of Negative Pressures by Respiratory Cilia , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:694 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 4. Morton, D. R.; Klassen, K. P., and Curtis, G. M.: The Clinical Physiology of the Human Bronchi , Surgery 28:699 ( (Oct.) ) 1950. 5. Neil, J. H.: Azygos Lobes of the Lung, and Terminology of the Bronchopulmonary Segments of the Bronchial Tree , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:409 ( (June) ) 1950. 6. Leiner, G. C., and Liebler, J. B.: The Technique of Bronchospirometry , Dis. Chest 17:578 ( (May) ) 1950. 7. Long, J. H.; Norris, C. M.; Burnett, W. E., and Wester, M. R.: Bronchospirometric Studies in Bronchiectasis, Before and After Lobectomy , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:477 ( (March) ) 1950. 8. Davis, D. A.: The Induction of Anesthesia for Suspension Laryngoscopy with Cocaine, Sodium Pentothal and Curare , Anesthesiology 11:245 ( (March) ) 1950. 9. Clark, J. V., and Goodwin, G. P.: Anesthesia and Surgical Procedure for Bronchoscopy , J. Laryng. & Otol. 64:570 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 10. Emerson, E. B., Jr.: A Safe and Positive Method of Tracheobronchial Aspiration in the Newborn , J. A. M. A. 144:613 ( (Oct. 21) ) 1950. 11. Samson, P. C., and Dugan, D. J.: Tracheobronchial Toilet in Infant and Adult , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:738 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 12. Buyers, R. A.: A Double Lumen Intratracheal Tube for Simultaneous Oxygen Administration and Tracheobronchial Aspiration , Surgery 27:74 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 13. Doust, A. W.: Bronchoscopy in Atelectasis in the Newborn , Laryngoscope 60:207 ( (March) ) 1950. 14. Blaisdell, I. H.: The Endoscopist and the Newborn Infant , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:907 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 15. Priest, R. E.: Unusual Conditions Simulating Pulmonary Atelectasis , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:889 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 16. Andrews, A. H., Jr., and McMahon, R. J.: Rupture of the Trachea During Bronchoscopy and Principles of Positioning for Endoscopic Procedures , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:726 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 17. Dickey, L. C.: An Unusually Large Tracheal Foreign Body , Laryngoscope 60:392 ( (April) ) 1950. 18. Holinger, P. H.; Johnston, K. C., and Basinger, C. E.: Benign Stenosis of the Trachea . Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:837 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 19. Guttman, M. R.; Simon, M. U., and Nitka, C. B.: Primary Carcinoma of the Trachea , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:172 ( (Aug.) ) 1950. 20. Holinger, P. H.; Novak, F. J., and Johnston, K. C.: Tumors of the Trachea , Laryngoscope 60:1086 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 21. Echols, D. H.; Llewellyn, R.; Kirgis, H. D.; Rehfeldt, F. C., and Garcia-Bengochea, F.: Tracheotomy in the Management of Severe Head Injuries , Surgery 28:801 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 22. Reynolds, J. T.; Holinger, P. H.; Andrews, A. H., Jr.; Young, J. P., Jr., and Marlowe, W. H.: Role of Tracheotomy in the Postoperative Care of Patients Subjected to Esophagectomy , Arch. Surg. 61:211 ( (Aug.) ) 1950.Crossref 23. Creech, O.; Woodhall, J. P., and Ochsner, A.: The Necessity for Tracheotomy in the Treatment of Tetanus to Prevent Lethal Respiratory Complications , Surgery 27:62 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 24. Jackson, C.: Bronchial Obstruction , Dis. Chest 17:125 ( (Feb.) ) 1950.Crossref 25. Gorman, J. R.: The Use of a Wetting Agent in Laryngotracheobronchitis with Report of Cases to Date , Laryngoscope 60:510 ( (May) ) 1950.Crossref 26. Heatly, C. A.: Localized Pulmonary Hodgkin's Disease: Bronchoscopic Aspects , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:705 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 27. Higginson, J. F., and Grismer, J. T.: Obstructing Intrabronchial Hodgkin's Disease , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:961 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 28. Erman, E. D.: Treatment of Endobronchial Tuberculosis with Streptomycin , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:51 ( (July) ) 1950. 29. Schmidt, H. W.; Clagett, O. T., and McDonald, J. R.: Broncholithiasis , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:226 ( (Feb.) ) 1950. 30. Coodley, E. L.: Pulmonary Abscess as Complication of Hiatal Hernia , Dis. Chest 17:102 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 31. Baylin, G. J., and Martin, T. L.: The Clinical and Roentgen Aspects of Non-Opaque Pulmonary Foreign Bodies , North Carolina M. J. 11:59 ( (Feb.) ) 1950. 32. Bannon, F. M.: Unsuspected Foreign Body of Bronchus , Connecticut M. J. 14:696 ( (Aug.) ) 1950. 33. Myerson, M. C.: Unusual Foreign Body in a Secondary Bronchus , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:760 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 34. Whalen, E. J.: Magnet Extraction of Foreign Bodies , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:717 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 35. Moersch, H. J., and McDonald, J. R.: Bronchial Adenoma , J. A. M. A. 142:299 ( (Feb. 4) ) 1950. 36. Williams, R. B., Jr., and Daniel, R. A., Jr.: Leiomyoma of the Lung , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:806 ( (May) ) 1950. 37. Whiteside, J. H.: Hamartoma of the Lung , Canad. M. A. J. 63:383 ( (Oct.) ) 1950. 38. Ford, W. B.; Thompson, C. W., and Blades, B.: Xanthoma of the Lung , Postgrad. Med. 8:48 ( (July) ) 1950. 39. Black, H.: Fibrosarcoma of the Bronchus , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:123 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 40. Carswell, J., Jr., and Kraeft, N. H.: Fibrosarcoma of the Bronchus , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:117 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 41. Curry, J. J., and Fuchs, J. E.: Expectoration of a Fibrosarcoma , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:135 ( (Jan.) ) 1950. 42. O'Keefe, J. J.: The Cytologic Diagnosis of Primary Bronchogenic Carcinoma , Laryngoscope 60:931 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 43. Woolner, L. B., and McDonald, J. R.: Cytologic Diagnosis of Bronchogenic Carcinoma , Dis. Chest 17:1 ( (Jan.) ) 1950.Crossref 44. Ross, R. C.: The Value of Sputum Examination in Diagnosis of Cancer of the Lung , Canad. M. A. J. 63:11 ( (July) ) 1950. 45. Cahan, W. G., and Farr, H. W.: Tracheal Aspiration: An Additional Method for the Early Diagnosis of Carcinoma of the Lung , Cancer 3:475 ( (May) ) 1950.Crossref 46. Good, C. A.; McDonald, J. R.; Clagett, O. T., and Griffith, E. R.: Alveolar Cell Tumors of the Lung , Am. J. Roentgenol. 64:1 ( (July) ) 1950. 47. Griffith, E. R.; McDonald, J. R., and Clagett, O. T.: Alveolar Cell Tumors of the Lung , J. Thoracic Surg. 30:949 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 48. Brackett, J. G., and Lautz, H. A.: Double Malignant Tumor Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Esophagobronchial Fistula , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:225 ( (Aug.) ) 1950.Crossref 49. Coleman, F. P., and Bunch, G. H., Jr.: Acquired Nonmalignant Esophagotracheobronchial Fistula , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:542 ( (April) ) 1950. 50. Morton, D. R.; Osborne, J. F., and Klassen, K. P.: An Apparently Congenital Bronchoesophageal Fistula Persistent to Adult Life , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:811 ( (May) ) 1950. 51. Carter, M. G., and Zamcheck, N.: Esophagoscopy in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding , New England J. Med. 242:280 ( (Feb. 23) ) 1950.Crossref 52. Thomson, J. D.: Spontaneous Perforation of the Esophagus , Glasgow M. J. 31:151 ( (April) ) 1950. 53. Oppenheim, H.: Unusual Etiology of Esophageal Perforation , Dis. Chest 17:450 ( (April) ) 1950.Crossref 54. Brown, R. K., and Brown, E. C.: Congenital Esophageal Anomalies , Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 91:545 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 55. Belsey, R. H. R., and Donnison, C. P.: Congenital Atresia of the Esophagus , Brit. M. J. 2:324 ( (Aug. 5) ) 1950. 56. Ferguson, D. J.; Sanchez-Palomera, E.; Sako, Y.; Clatworthy, H. W., Jr.; Toon, R. W., and Wagensteen, O. H.: Studies on Experimental Esophagitis , Surgery 28:1022 ( (Dec.) ) 1950. 57. Franklin, R. H., and Taylor, S.: Nonspecific Granulomatous (Regional) Esophagitis , J. Thoracic Surg. 19:292 ( (Feb.) ) 1950. 58. Jackson, C. L.: High Esophageal Stenosis , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:803 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 59. Strumboff, A. V.: Chemical Burns of the Oral Cavity and Esophagus , Arch. Otolaryng. 52:419 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 60. Tucker, G.; Lautz, V.; Tracy, J. B., and Fearon, B. W.: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Benign Stenosis of the Esophagus, with Special Reference to Treatment by Dilatation with the Indwelling Cannulated Bougie , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:823 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 61. Straus, G. D.: Stricture of the Esophagus Associated with Operation for Duodenal Ulcer , Arch. Otolaryng. 51:165 ( (Feb.) ) 1950.Crossref 62. Bigger, I. A., and Vinson, P. P.: Carcinoma Secondary to Burns of the Esophagus from Ingestion of Lye , Surgery 28:887 ( (Nov.) ) 1950. 63. Redish, M. H.: Benign Esophageal Stricture and Carcinoma of the Esophagus , U. S. Armed Forces M. J. 1:447 ( (April) ) 1950. 64. Friedberg, S. A.: Observations on the Esophagus Following Vagotomy , Ann. Otol. Rhin. & Laryng. 59:751 ( (Sept.) ) 1950. 65. Hudson, T. R., and Head, J. R.: Syphilis of the Esophagus , J. 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Journal

A.M.A. Archives of OtolaryngologyAmerican Medical Association

Published: Sep 1, 1951

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