Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Nutritional Deficiencies in Disadvantaged Preschool Children: Their Relationship to Mental Development

Nutritional Deficiencies in Disadvantaged Preschool Children: Their Relationship to Mental... Abstract The nutritional status of 100 preschool children from the economically depressed area of Nashville was evaluated and correlated with Stanford-Binet test scores. Findings included mild growth retardation, nonspecific physical abnormalities, and goiter (the latter in 8.7%). Laboratory studies revealed decreased body stores of vitamin A (96%), iron (35%), folic acid (17%), and thiamine (13%) in a high proportion of the children. Results of hospital oriented biochemical screening tests were normal. Significant correlations were found between initial intelligence quotient, final IQ, and IQ difference following language education, all of which related inversely to age. Biochemical indices and IQ did not correlate. Anthropometric measurements revealed correlation between height and serum vitamin A and iron, and an inverse correlation between head:chest ratio and erythrocyte transketolase activity. Relevant ecologic factors included a marginal family income, a lack of parental understanding about nutrition, and a lack of parental supervision, particularly at mealtime. References 1. McConnell R, Horton KB, Smith BR: Language development and cultural disadvantagement . Exceptional Child 569, 1969. 2. Interdepartmental Committee on Nutrition for National Defense, Manual for Nutrition Surveys , ed 2. Bethesda, Md, National Institutes of Health, 1963. 3. Neeld JB, Pearson WN: Macro- and micromethods for the determination of serum vitamin A using trifluoreacetic acid . J Nutr 79:454, 1963. 4. Copperman JM: Microbiological assay of serum and wholeblood folic acid activity . Amer J Clin Nutr 20:1015-1024, 1967. 5. Ramsey WNM: The determination of iron in blood plasma or serum . Clin Chim Acta 2:214, 1957.Crossref 6. Brin M: Transketolase and TPP Effect: Clinical application of transketolase assay . J Nutr 71:273, 1960. 7. Pearson WN: Riboflavin, methods of assay , in Gyorgy P, Pearson WN, (eds): The Vitamins , ed 2. New York, Academic Press Inc, 1967, vol 7, p 130. 8. Howells GR, Whitehead RG: A system for estimation of urinary hydroxyproline index . J Med Lab Techn 24:98, 1967. 9. Technicon Autoanalysis Method: Creatinine Method. Technicon Instruments Corp, 1963. 10. SMA 12: Sequential Multiple Analysis 12 Channel Autoanalyzer. Technicon Chemical Company, 1967. 11. Bowes A, Church CF, in Church CF, Church HN (eds): Food Values of Portions Commonly Used , ed 10. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott Co, 1966. 12. Food and Nutrition Board: Recommended Dietary Allowances , 7th rev ed. Washington DC, 1964 National Academy Science, National Research Council, 1968. 13. Tanner JM, Whitehouse RN: Standards for subcutaneous fat in British children . Brit Med J 1:466, 1962.Crossref 14. Watson EH, Lowrey GH: Normal physical measurements , in Growth and Development of Children , ed 5. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publisher Inc, 1967, p 74. 15. Dean RFA: Kwashiorkor , in Gardner (ed): Recent Advances in Pediatrics . Boston, Little Brown Co, 1965. 16. Harrell RF: Mental Response to added thiamine . J Nutr 31:283, 1946. 17. Gaitan E, Wahner HW, Cvello C, et al: Edemic goiter in the Cauca valley . J Clin Endocr 29:675, 1969.Crossref 18. Gaitan E, Island D, Liddle GW: Identification of a naturally occurring goitrogen in water . Trans Assoc Amer Physicians 82:141-152, 1969. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png American Journal of Diseases of Children American Medical Association

Nutritional Deficiencies in Disadvantaged Preschool Children: Their Relationship to Mental Development

Loading next page...
 
/lp/american-medical-association/nutritional-deficiencies-in-disadvantaged-preschool-children-their-cUHFDc7A31

References (19)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1971 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0002-922X
DOI
10.1001/archpedi.1971.02100170037001
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract The nutritional status of 100 preschool children from the economically depressed area of Nashville was evaluated and correlated with Stanford-Binet test scores. Findings included mild growth retardation, nonspecific physical abnormalities, and goiter (the latter in 8.7%). Laboratory studies revealed decreased body stores of vitamin A (96%), iron (35%), folic acid (17%), and thiamine (13%) in a high proportion of the children. Results of hospital oriented biochemical screening tests were normal. Significant correlations were found between initial intelligence quotient, final IQ, and IQ difference following language education, all of which related inversely to age. Biochemical indices and IQ did not correlate. Anthropometric measurements revealed correlation between height and serum vitamin A and iron, and an inverse correlation between head:chest ratio and erythrocyte transketolase activity. Relevant ecologic factors included a marginal family income, a lack of parental understanding about nutrition, and a lack of parental supervision, particularly at mealtime. References 1. McConnell R, Horton KB, Smith BR: Language development and cultural disadvantagement . Exceptional Child 569, 1969. 2. Interdepartmental Committee on Nutrition for National Defense, Manual for Nutrition Surveys , ed 2. Bethesda, Md, National Institutes of Health, 1963. 3. Neeld JB, Pearson WN: Macro- and micromethods for the determination of serum vitamin A using trifluoreacetic acid . J Nutr 79:454, 1963. 4. Copperman JM: Microbiological assay of serum and wholeblood folic acid activity . Amer J Clin Nutr 20:1015-1024, 1967. 5. Ramsey WNM: The determination of iron in blood plasma or serum . Clin Chim Acta 2:214, 1957.Crossref 6. Brin M: Transketolase and TPP Effect: Clinical application of transketolase assay . J Nutr 71:273, 1960. 7. Pearson WN: Riboflavin, methods of assay , in Gyorgy P, Pearson WN, (eds): The Vitamins , ed 2. New York, Academic Press Inc, 1967, vol 7, p 130. 8. Howells GR, Whitehead RG: A system for estimation of urinary hydroxyproline index . J Med Lab Techn 24:98, 1967. 9. Technicon Autoanalysis Method: Creatinine Method. Technicon Instruments Corp, 1963. 10. SMA 12: Sequential Multiple Analysis 12 Channel Autoanalyzer. Technicon Chemical Company, 1967. 11. Bowes A, Church CF, in Church CF, Church HN (eds): Food Values of Portions Commonly Used , ed 10. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott Co, 1966. 12. Food and Nutrition Board: Recommended Dietary Allowances , 7th rev ed. Washington DC, 1964 National Academy Science, National Research Council, 1968. 13. Tanner JM, Whitehouse RN: Standards for subcutaneous fat in British children . Brit Med J 1:466, 1962.Crossref 14. Watson EH, Lowrey GH: Normal physical measurements , in Growth and Development of Children , ed 5. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publisher Inc, 1967, p 74. 15. Dean RFA: Kwashiorkor , in Gardner (ed): Recent Advances in Pediatrics . Boston, Little Brown Co, 1965. 16. Harrell RF: Mental Response to added thiamine . J Nutr 31:283, 1946. 17. Gaitan E, Wahner HW, Cvello C, et al: Edemic goiter in the Cauca valley . J Clin Endocr 29:675, 1969.Crossref 18. Gaitan E, Island D, Liddle GW: Identification of a naturally occurring goitrogen in water . Trans Assoc Amer Physicians 82:141-152, 1969.

Journal

American Journal of Diseases of ChildrenAmerican Medical Association

Published: Jun 1, 1971

There are no references for this article.