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Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Merkel Cell Carcinoma Abstract • Merkel cell carcinoma is an unusual primary cutaneous tumor with an aggressive biologic nature. Following surgical treatment, 40% of patients have local recurrences develop, 55% have regional lymph node metastases develop, and 49% have distant metastases develop. We have treated four patients with Merkel cell carcinoma; only one of the four patients was alive and well after 2 years. Two patients died of metastatic disease, one at 11 months following initial treatment and one at 39 months. The fourth patient had a rapid recurrence following initial treatment and is currently in remission following chemotherapy for regional metastases. Recent reports indicate that chemotherapy may be helpful in treating patients with recurrent or metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. (Arch Dermatol. 1989;125:1096-1100) References 1. References 1,9,12-15,17,18,20,23-28. 2. References 1,2,4,12,15-18,20,23,25,27,28,30,31. 3. Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin . Arch Dermatol. 1972;105:107-110.Crossref 4. Sibley RK, Rosai J, Foucar E, Dehner LP, Bosi G. Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin: a histologic and ultrastructural study of two cases . Am J Surg Pathol. 1980;4:211-221.Crossref 5. Hitchcock CL, Bland KI, Laney RG, Franzini D, Harris B, Copeland EM. Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin: its natural history, diagnosis, and treatment . Ann Surg. 1988;207:201-207.Crossref 6. Taxy JB, Ettinger DS, Wharam MD. Primary small cell carcinoma of the skin . Cancer. 1980;46:2308-2311.Crossref 7. Silva EG, Mackay B, Geopfert H, Burgess MA, Fields RS. Endocrine carcinoma of the skin (Merkel cell carcinoma) . Pathol Annu. 1984;19:1-30. 8. Stern JB. `Merky cell' carcinoma (formerly trabecular carcinoma) . Am J Dermatopathol. 1982;4:517-519.Crossref 9. Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: a question of title . Am J Dermatopathol. 1982;4:497-500.Crossref 10. Govoni E, Bragini G, Viale G, et al. Merkel cell tumor: a histological, ultrastructural and immunohistological study . J Cutan Pathol. 1983;10:419 Abstract. 11. George TK, DiSant'Agnese PA, Bennett JM. Chemotherapy for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma . Cancer. 1985;56:1034-1038.Crossref 12. Haneke E. Electron microscopy of Merkel cell carcinoma from formalin-fixed tissue . J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;12:487-492.Crossref 13. Gu J, Polak JM, VanNoorden S, Pearse AGE, Marangos PJ, Azzopardi JG. Immunostaining of neuron-specific enolase as a diagnostic tool for Merkel cell tumors . Cancer. 1983;52:1039-1043.Crossref 14. Wick MR, Goellner JR, Scheithauer BW, Thomas JR, Sanchez NP, Schroeter AL. Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (Merkel cell tumors) . Am J Clin Pathol. 1983;79:6-13. 15. Firgeric B, Capella C, Eusebi V, Tenti P, Azzopardi JG. Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin: the structure and origin of normal Merkel cells . Histopathology. 1983;7:229-249.Crossref 16. Warner TFCS, Uno H, Hafez GR, et al. Merkel cells and Merkel cell tumors: ultrastructure, immunocytochemistry and review of the literature . Cancer. 1983;52:238-245.Crossref 17. Kirkham N, Isaacson P. Merkel cell carcinoma: a report of three cases with neuron-specific enolase activity . Histopathology. 1983;7:251-259.Crossref 18. Kroll MH, Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: further clinicopathologic and morphologic study . Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1982;106:404-408. 19. Pilotti S, Rilke F, Lombardi L. Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin . Am J Surg Pathol. 1982;6:243-254.Crossref 20. Pollack SV, Goslen JB. Small-cell neuroepithelial tumor of skin: a Merkel cell neoplasm? J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1982;8:116-122.Crossref 21. Winkelmann RK, Breathnach AS. The Merkel cell . J Invest Dermatol. 1973;60:2-15.Crossref 22. Geopfert H, Remmler D, Silva E, Wheeler B. Merkel cell carcinoma (endocrine carcinoma of the skin) of the head and neck . Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1984;110:707-712.Crossref 23. Gomez LG, DiMaio S, Silva EG, Mackay B. Association between neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma and squamous carcinomas of the skin . Am J Surg Pathol. 1983;7:171-177.Crossref 24. Roenigk RK, Goltz RW. Merkel cell carcinoma—a problem with microscopically controlled surgery . J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1986;12:332-336.Crossref 25. Sidhu GS, Feiner H, Flotte TJ, Mullins JD, Schaefler K, Schultenover SJ. Merkel cell neoplasms: histology, electron microscopy, biology, and histogenesis . Am J Dermatopathol. 1980; 2:101-119.Crossref 26. Tang CK, Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: an ultrastructural study . Cancer. 1978;42:2311-2321.Crossref 27. Iwaski H, Mitsui T, Kikuchi M, Imai T, Fukushima K. Neuroendocrine carcinoma (trabecular carcinoma) of the skin with ectopic ACTH production . Cancer. 1981;48:753-756.Crossref 28. Gould VE, Dardi LE, Memoli VA. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin: light microscopic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analysis . Ultrastruct Pathol. 1980;1:499-509.Crossref 29. Johannessen JV, Gould VE. Neuroendocrine skin carcinoma associated with calcitonin production: a Merkel cell carcinoma? Hum Pathol. 1980;11:586-589. 30. Moya LE, Guarda LA, Dyer GA, Silva EG, Shah S. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin in a young adult . Am J Clin Pathol. 1982;78:783-785. 31. Solcia E, Capella C, Buffa R, Usellini L, Fiocca R. Cytology and biology of gut endocrine tumors . In: Bloom SR, Polak JM, eds. Gut Hormones . New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone Inc; 1981:541-546. 32. Tang CK, Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: further clinicopathologic and ultrastructural study . Mt Sinai J Med (NY) . 1979;46:516-523. 33. Lindae ML, Nickoloff BJ, Greene I. Merkel cell tumor of the thigh . J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1988;14:413-417.Crossref 34. Stawowy LM, Krull EA, Maeda K. Merkel cell carcinoma: a challenge . J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1986;12:443-447.Crossref 35. Wynne CJ, Kearsley JH. Merkel cell tumor: a chemosensitive skin cancer . Cancer. 1988;62:28-31.Crossref 36. Grosh WW, Giannone L, Hande KR, Johnson DH. Disseminated Merkel cell tumor . Am J Clin Oncol. 1987;10:227-230.Crossref 37. Feun LG, Sararaj N, Legha SS, Silva EG, Benjamin RS, Burgess MA. Chemotherapy for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma . Cancer. 1988;62:683-685.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Dermatology American Medical Association

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

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Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-987X
eISSN
1538-3652
DOI
10.1001/archderm.1989.01670200072012
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract • Merkel cell carcinoma is an unusual primary cutaneous tumor with an aggressive biologic nature. Following surgical treatment, 40% of patients have local recurrences develop, 55% have regional lymph node metastases develop, and 49% have distant metastases develop. We have treated four patients with Merkel cell carcinoma; only one of the four patients was alive and well after 2 years. Two patients died of metastatic disease, one at 11 months following initial treatment and one at 39 months. The fourth patient had a rapid recurrence following initial treatment and is currently in remission following chemotherapy for regional metastases. Recent reports indicate that chemotherapy may be helpful in treating patients with recurrent or metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. (Arch Dermatol. 1989;125:1096-1100) References 1. References 1,9,12-15,17,18,20,23-28. 2. References 1,2,4,12,15-18,20,23,25,27,28,30,31. 3. Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin . Arch Dermatol. 1972;105:107-110.Crossref 4. Sibley RK, Rosai J, Foucar E, Dehner LP, Bosi G. Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin: a histologic and ultrastructural study of two cases . Am J Surg Pathol. 1980;4:211-221.Crossref 5. Hitchcock CL, Bland KI, Laney RG, Franzini D, Harris B, Copeland EM. Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin: its natural history, diagnosis, and treatment . Ann Surg. 1988;207:201-207.Crossref 6. Taxy JB, Ettinger DS, Wharam MD. Primary small cell carcinoma of the skin . Cancer. 1980;46:2308-2311.Crossref 7. Silva EG, Mackay B, Geopfert H, Burgess MA, Fields RS. Endocrine carcinoma of the skin (Merkel cell carcinoma) . Pathol Annu. 1984;19:1-30. 8. Stern JB. `Merky cell' carcinoma (formerly trabecular carcinoma) . Am J Dermatopathol. 1982;4:517-519.Crossref 9. Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: a question of title . Am J Dermatopathol. 1982;4:497-500.Crossref 10. Govoni E, Bragini G, Viale G, et al. Merkel cell tumor: a histological, ultrastructural and immunohistological study . J Cutan Pathol. 1983;10:419 Abstract. 11. George TK, DiSant'Agnese PA, Bennett JM. Chemotherapy for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma . Cancer. 1985;56:1034-1038.Crossref 12. Haneke E. Electron microscopy of Merkel cell carcinoma from formalin-fixed tissue . J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985;12:487-492.Crossref 13. Gu J, Polak JM, VanNoorden S, Pearse AGE, Marangos PJ, Azzopardi JG. Immunostaining of neuron-specific enolase as a diagnostic tool for Merkel cell tumors . Cancer. 1983;52:1039-1043.Crossref 14. Wick MR, Goellner JR, Scheithauer BW, Thomas JR, Sanchez NP, Schroeter AL. Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (Merkel cell tumors) . Am J Clin Pathol. 1983;79:6-13. 15. Firgeric B, Capella C, Eusebi V, Tenti P, Azzopardi JG. Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin: the structure and origin of normal Merkel cells . Histopathology. 1983;7:229-249.Crossref 16. Warner TFCS, Uno H, Hafez GR, et al. Merkel cells and Merkel cell tumors: ultrastructure, immunocytochemistry and review of the literature . Cancer. 1983;52:238-245.Crossref 17. Kirkham N, Isaacson P. Merkel cell carcinoma: a report of three cases with neuron-specific enolase activity . Histopathology. 1983;7:251-259.Crossref 18. Kroll MH, Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: further clinicopathologic and morphologic study . Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1982;106:404-408. 19. Pilotti S, Rilke F, Lombardi L. Neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin . Am J Surg Pathol. 1982;6:243-254.Crossref 20. Pollack SV, Goslen JB. Small-cell neuroepithelial tumor of skin: a Merkel cell neoplasm? J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1982;8:116-122.Crossref 21. Winkelmann RK, Breathnach AS. The Merkel cell . J Invest Dermatol. 1973;60:2-15.Crossref 22. Geopfert H, Remmler D, Silva E, Wheeler B. Merkel cell carcinoma (endocrine carcinoma of the skin) of the head and neck . Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1984;110:707-712.Crossref 23. Gomez LG, DiMaio S, Silva EG, Mackay B. Association between neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma and squamous carcinomas of the skin . Am J Surg Pathol. 1983;7:171-177.Crossref 24. Roenigk RK, Goltz RW. Merkel cell carcinoma—a problem with microscopically controlled surgery . J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1986;12:332-336.Crossref 25. Sidhu GS, Feiner H, Flotte TJ, Mullins JD, Schaefler K, Schultenover SJ. Merkel cell neoplasms: histology, electron microscopy, biology, and histogenesis . Am J Dermatopathol. 1980; 2:101-119.Crossref 26. Tang CK, Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: an ultrastructural study . Cancer. 1978;42:2311-2321.Crossref 27. Iwaski H, Mitsui T, Kikuchi M, Imai T, Fukushima K. Neuroendocrine carcinoma (trabecular carcinoma) of the skin with ectopic ACTH production . Cancer. 1981;48:753-756.Crossref 28. Gould VE, Dardi LE, Memoli VA. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin: light microscopic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analysis . Ultrastruct Pathol. 1980;1:499-509.Crossref 29. Johannessen JV, Gould VE. Neuroendocrine skin carcinoma associated with calcitonin production: a Merkel cell carcinoma? Hum Pathol. 1980;11:586-589. 30. Moya LE, Guarda LA, Dyer GA, Silva EG, Shah S. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin in a young adult . Am J Clin Pathol. 1982;78:783-785. 31. Solcia E, Capella C, Buffa R, Usellini L, Fiocca R. Cytology and biology of gut endocrine tumors . In: Bloom SR, Polak JM, eds. Gut Hormones . New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone Inc; 1981:541-546. 32. Tang CK, Toker C. Trabecular carcinoma of the skin: further clinicopathologic and ultrastructural study . Mt Sinai J Med (NY) . 1979;46:516-523. 33. Lindae ML, Nickoloff BJ, Greene I. Merkel cell tumor of the thigh . J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1988;14:413-417.Crossref 34. Stawowy LM, Krull EA, Maeda K. Merkel cell carcinoma: a challenge . J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1986;12:443-447.Crossref 35. Wynne CJ, Kearsley JH. Merkel cell tumor: a chemosensitive skin cancer . Cancer. 1988;62:28-31.Crossref 36. Grosh WW, Giannone L, Hande KR, Johnson DH. Disseminated Merkel cell tumor . Am J Clin Oncol. 1987;10:227-230.Crossref 37. Feun LG, Sararaj N, Legha SS, Silva EG, Benjamin RS, Burgess MA. Chemotherapy for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma . Cancer. 1988;62:683-685.Crossref

Journal

Archives of Dermatology – American Medical Association

Published: Aug 1, 1989

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