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Measles-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity and Serum Antibody in Subjects With Different Measles Histories

Measles-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity and Serum Antibody in Subjects With Different Measles... Abstract • Measles hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) antibody titers and measles-specific lymphocyte reactivity were studied in subjects who had previously received killed measles vaccine and had been recently reimmunized with live vaccine—persons who previously had atypical measles, subjects with multiple immunizations with live vaccine, adults with a history of measles, and persons with primary measles immunization. Twelve to 18 months after revaccination of former recipients of killed vaccine, all 31 subjects had measles HAI antibody titers ≥10 and only three had lymphocyte stimulation indices (LSI) >2.8. The mean LSI and geometric mean titer of antibody were similar to those of persons who had had natural measles many years ago. One subject who previously had atypical measles had an HAI titer of <5 and an LSI of 0.5; another had an LSI of 6.0 and an HAI titer of 80. Only one of seven subjects who were immunized more than once with live vaccine had an LSI of >2.8 one year later. The finding of measles-specific lymphocyte reactivity and antibody levels in revaccinated former recipients of killed vaccine that are similar to those in persons who had natural measles suggests that the risk of future atypical measles in this group is slight. (Am J Dis Child 134:567-571, 1980) References 1. Fulginiti VA, Eller JJ, Downie AW, et al: Altered reactivity to measles virus: Atypical measles in children previously immunized with inactivated measles virus vaccines . JAMA 202:1075-1080, 1967.Crossref 2. Nader PP, Horwitz MS, Rousseau J: Atypical exanthem following exposure to natural measles: Eleven cases in children previously inoculated with killed vaccine . J Pediatr 72:22-28, 1968.Crossref 3. Welliver RC, Cherry JD, Holtzman AE: Typical, modified, and atypical measles: An emerging problem in the adolescent and adult . Arch Intern Med 137:39-41, 1977.Crossref 4. Nichols EM: Atypical measles syndrome: A continuing problem . Am J Public Health 69:160-162, 1979.Crossref 5. Zahradnik JM, Cherry JD, Rachelefsky G: Atypical measles acquired abroad: Foreign travel and pseudoexotic disease . JAMA 241:1711-1712, 1979.Crossref 6. Chatterji M, Mankad V: Failure of attenuated viral vaccine in prevention of atypical measles . JAMA 238:2635, 1977.Crossref 7. Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases . Evanston, Ill, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1977, p 136. 8. Center for Disease Control: Measles prevention . Morbid Mortal Week Rep 27:427-437, 1978. 9. Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Naiditch MJ, et al: Revaccination of previous recipients of killed measles vaccine: Clinical and immunologic studies . J Pediatr 93:565-571, 1978.Crossref 10. Scott TFM, Bonanno DE: Reactions to live-measles-virus vaccine in children previously inoculated with killed-virus vaccine . N Engl J Med 277:248-250, 1967.Crossref 11. Buser F: Side reaction to measles vaccination suggesting the Arthus phenomenon . N Engl J Med 277:250-251, 1967.Crossref 12. Fulginiti VA, Arthur JH, Pearlman DS, et al: Altered reactivity to measles virus, local reactions following attenuated measles virus immunization in children who previously received a combination of inactivated and attenuated vaccines . Am J Dis Child 116:671-676, 1968.Crossref 13. Fulginiti VA, Arthur JH: Altered reactivity to measles virus: Skin test reactivity and antibody response to measles virus antigens in recipients of killed measles virus vaccine . J Pediatr 75:609-616, 1969.Crossref 14. Cherry JD, Feigin RD, Lobes LA Jr, et al: Atypical measles in children previously immunized with attenuated measles virus vaccines . Pediatrics 50:712-717, 1972. 15. Deseda-tous J, Cherry JD, Spencer MJ, et al: Measles revaccination: Persistence and degree of antibody titer by type of immune response . Am J Dis Child 132:287-290, 1978.Crossref 16. Marks JS, Halpin TJ, Orenstein WA: Measles vaccine efficacy in children previously vaccinated at 12 months of age . Pediatrics 62:955-960, 1978. 17. Geme J, George BL, Bush BM: Exaggerated natural measles following attenuated virus immunization . Pediatrics 57:148-150, 1976. 18. Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Deseda-tous J, et al: Epidemic measles in young adults: Clinical, epidemiologic and serologic studies . Ann Intern Med 90:873-876, 1979.Crossref 19. Hierholzer JC, Suggs MT, Hall EC: Standardized viral hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests: II. Description and statistical evaluation . Appl Microbiol 18:824-833, 1969. 20. Cherry JD, Feigin RD, Shackelford PG, et al: A clinical and serologic study of 103 children with measles vaccine failure . J Pediatr 82:802-808, 1973.Crossref 21. Cherry JD, Feigin RD, Lobes LA Jr, et al: Urban measles in the vaccine era: A clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic study . J Pediatr 81:217-230, 1972.Crossref 22. Cherry JD, Rolfe UT, Dudley JP, et al: Clinical and immunological study of percutaneous revaccination in children who originally received smallpox vaccine subcutaneously . J Clin Microbiol 7:158-164, 1978. 23. Graziano KD, Ruckdeschel JC, Mardiney MR: Cell-associated immunity to measles (rubeola), the demonstration of in vitro lymphocyte tritiated thymidine incorporation in response to measles complement fixation antigen . Cell Immunol 15:347-359, 1975.Crossref 24. Juels C, Walz S, Maples J, et al: Measles and rubella at a military recruit training center—Illinois . Morbid Mortal Month Rep 28:147-148, 1979. 25. Rand KH, Reuman PD: Measles: Ready for eradication? Ann Intern Med 90:978-980, 1979.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png American Journal of Diseases of Children American Medical Association

Measles-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity and Serum Antibody in Subjects With Different Measles Histories

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References (26)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1980 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0002-922X
DOI
10.1001/archpedi.1980.02130180025008
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Abstract

Abstract • Measles hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) antibody titers and measles-specific lymphocyte reactivity were studied in subjects who had previously received killed measles vaccine and had been recently reimmunized with live vaccine—persons who previously had atypical measles, subjects with multiple immunizations with live vaccine, adults with a history of measles, and persons with primary measles immunization. Twelve to 18 months after revaccination of former recipients of killed vaccine, all 31 subjects had measles HAI antibody titers ≥10 and only three had lymphocyte stimulation indices (LSI) >2.8. The mean LSI and geometric mean titer of antibody were similar to those of persons who had had natural measles many years ago. One subject who previously had atypical measles had an HAI titer of <5 and an LSI of 0.5; another had an LSI of 6.0 and an HAI titer of 80. Only one of seven subjects who were immunized more than once with live vaccine had an LSI of >2.8 one year later. The finding of measles-specific lymphocyte reactivity and antibody levels in revaccinated former recipients of killed vaccine that are similar to those in persons who had natural measles suggests that the risk of future atypical measles in this group is slight. (Am J Dis Child 134:567-571, 1980) References 1. Fulginiti VA, Eller JJ, Downie AW, et al: Altered reactivity to measles virus: Atypical measles in children previously immunized with inactivated measles virus vaccines . JAMA 202:1075-1080, 1967.Crossref 2. Nader PP, Horwitz MS, Rousseau J: Atypical exanthem following exposure to natural measles: Eleven cases in children previously inoculated with killed vaccine . J Pediatr 72:22-28, 1968.Crossref 3. Welliver RC, Cherry JD, Holtzman AE: Typical, modified, and atypical measles: An emerging problem in the adolescent and adult . Arch Intern Med 137:39-41, 1977.Crossref 4. Nichols EM: Atypical measles syndrome: A continuing problem . Am J Public Health 69:160-162, 1979.Crossref 5. Zahradnik JM, Cherry JD, Rachelefsky G: Atypical measles acquired abroad: Foreign travel and pseudoexotic disease . JAMA 241:1711-1712, 1979.Crossref 6. Chatterji M, Mankad V: Failure of attenuated viral vaccine in prevention of atypical measles . JAMA 238:2635, 1977.Crossref 7. Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases . Evanston, Ill, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1977, p 136. 8. Center for Disease Control: Measles prevention . Morbid Mortal Week Rep 27:427-437, 1978. 9. Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Naiditch MJ, et al: Revaccination of previous recipients of killed measles vaccine: Clinical and immunologic studies . J Pediatr 93:565-571, 1978.Crossref 10. Scott TFM, Bonanno DE: Reactions to live-measles-virus vaccine in children previously inoculated with killed-virus vaccine . N Engl J Med 277:248-250, 1967.Crossref 11. Buser F: Side reaction to measles vaccination suggesting the Arthus phenomenon . N Engl J Med 277:250-251, 1967.Crossref 12. Fulginiti VA, Arthur JH, Pearlman DS, et al: Altered reactivity to measles virus, local reactions following attenuated measles virus immunization in children who previously received a combination of inactivated and attenuated vaccines . Am J Dis Child 116:671-676, 1968.Crossref 13. Fulginiti VA, Arthur JH: Altered reactivity to measles virus: Skin test reactivity and antibody response to measles virus antigens in recipients of killed measles virus vaccine . J Pediatr 75:609-616, 1969.Crossref 14. Cherry JD, Feigin RD, Lobes LA Jr, et al: Atypical measles in children previously immunized with attenuated measles virus vaccines . Pediatrics 50:712-717, 1972. 15. Deseda-tous J, Cherry JD, Spencer MJ, et al: Measles revaccination: Persistence and degree of antibody titer by type of immune response . Am J Dis Child 132:287-290, 1978.Crossref 16. Marks JS, Halpin TJ, Orenstein WA: Measles vaccine efficacy in children previously vaccinated at 12 months of age . Pediatrics 62:955-960, 1978. 17. Geme J, George BL, Bush BM: Exaggerated natural measles following attenuated virus immunization . Pediatrics 57:148-150, 1976. 18. Krause PJ, Cherry JD, Deseda-tous J, et al: Epidemic measles in young adults: Clinical, epidemiologic and serologic studies . Ann Intern Med 90:873-876, 1979.Crossref 19. Hierholzer JC, Suggs MT, Hall EC: Standardized viral hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests: II. Description and statistical evaluation . Appl Microbiol 18:824-833, 1969. 20. Cherry JD, Feigin RD, Shackelford PG, et al: A clinical and serologic study of 103 children with measles vaccine failure . J Pediatr 82:802-808, 1973.Crossref 21. Cherry JD, Feigin RD, Lobes LA Jr, et al: Urban measles in the vaccine era: A clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic study . J Pediatr 81:217-230, 1972.Crossref 22. Cherry JD, Rolfe UT, Dudley JP, et al: Clinical and immunological study of percutaneous revaccination in children who originally received smallpox vaccine subcutaneously . J Clin Microbiol 7:158-164, 1978. 23. Graziano KD, Ruckdeschel JC, Mardiney MR: Cell-associated immunity to measles (rubeola), the demonstration of in vitro lymphocyte tritiated thymidine incorporation in response to measles complement fixation antigen . Cell Immunol 15:347-359, 1975.Crossref 24. Juels C, Walz S, Maples J, et al: Measles and rubella at a military recruit training center—Illinois . Morbid Mortal Month Rep 28:147-148, 1979. 25. Rand KH, Reuman PD: Measles: Ready for eradication? Ann Intern Med 90:978-980, 1979.Crossref

Journal

American Journal of Diseases of Children – American Medical Association

Published: Jun 1, 1980

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