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Loafer's Heart

Loafer's Heart Abstract R. Price's ironical phrase, "Man's first mistake—the wheel," 1 characterizes a basic trend in human endeavor that has been directed throughout the ages toward a steadily increasing replacement of personal effort by mechanical devices. Modern Western civilization represents the climax of these tendencies by combining maximum technical perfection of labor-saving gadgets with their maximal mass distribution. Ostensibly, the United States of America are leading in these respects. What the general lack of exercise, such as walking, running, and carrying, has done to the muscular fitness of the motorized and TV-sitting young generation of this country has been drastically demonstrated by the extensive statistical studies of Hans Kraus and associates.2 They revealed an alarming physical inferiority of American children, as compared with their counterparts in Austria, Switzerland, and Italy, and prompted the President to initiate the planning of nationwide corrective measures. Interested advocates of more gadget manufacturing and of resulting References 1. With a Fulbright Research Scholarship and Public Health Service (National Heart Institute) Grant H-2169. 2. Price, R.: In One Head and Out the Other , New York, Ballantine Books, Inc., 1956. 3. Kraus, H.; Prudden (Hirschland), B., and Hirschhorn, K.: Role of Inactivity in Production of Disease—Hypokinetic Disease , J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 4:463, 1956. 4. Morris, J. N., and Heady, J. A.: Mortality in Relation to the Physical Activity of Work: Preliminary Note on Experience in Middle Age , Brit. J. Indust. Med. 10:245, 1953. 5. Morris, J. N.; Raffle, P. A.; Roberts, C. G., and Parks, J. W.: Coronary Heart-Disease and Physical Activity of Work , Lancet 2:1053, 1953.Crossref 6. Benton, J. G., and Rusk, H. A.: The Relation of Physical Activity and Occupation to Coronary Artery Heart Disease , Ann. Int. Med. 41:910, 1954.Crossref 7. Luongo, E. P.: Health Habits and Heart Disease—Challenge in Preventive Medicine , J. A. M. A. 162:1021, 1956.Crossref 8. Kutschera-Aichbergen, H.: Die Arteriosklerose und ihre Bekampfung , Ars med. , 46:758, 1956. 9. Dairy Council Digest, Vol. 28, No. 1, September, 1956. 10. Raab, W.: Hormonal and Neurogenic Cardiovascular Disorders: Endocrine and Neuro-Endocrine Factors in Pathogenesis and Treatment , Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Company, 1953. 11. Raab, W.: The Adrenergic-Cholinergic Control of Cardiac Metabolism and Function , Advances Cardiol. 1:65, 1956. 12. Reindell, H.; Klepzig, H.; Musshoff, K., and Schildge, E.: Das Sportherz , Ergebn. inn. Med. u. Kinderh. 5:306, 1954. 13. Beckner, G. L., and Winsor, T.: Cardiovascular Adaptations to Prolonged Physical Effort , Circulation 9:835, 1954.Crossref 14. Wolffe, J. B.: A Critical Evaluation of Cardiovascular, Biochemical and Other Findings in Marathon Runners, and Their Clinical Implications, Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Sports Medicine, Belgrade, May, 1954, p. 363. 15. Bruce, R. A.: Evaluation of Functional Capacity and Exercise Tolerance of Cardiac Patients , Mod. Concepts Cardiovas. Dis. 25:321, 1956. 16. Bing, R. J.: Disturbances in Myocardial Metabolism , Advances Cardiol. 1:52, 1956. 17. Raab, W., and Gigee, W.: Norepinephrine and Epinephrine Content of Normal and Diseased Human Hearts , Circulation 11:593, 1955.Crossref 18. Taylor, H. L.; Henschel, A.; Brozek, J., and Keys, A.: Effects of Bed Rest on Cardiovascular Function and Work Performance , J. Appl. Physiol. 2:223, 1949. 19. Schumann, H.: Die Verminderung des Glycogens, des Phosphagens und der Adenylpyrophos- phorsäure im Herzmuskel bei Sauerstoffmangel und nach ermüdender Arbeit normaler und trainierter Tiere , Ztschr. ges. exper. Med. 106:59, 1939.Crossref 20. Petrén, T.; Sjöstrand, T., and Sylvén, B.: Der Einfluss des Trainings auf die Häufigkeit der Capillaren in Herz- und Skeletmuskulatur , Arbeitsphysiologie 9:376, 1936. 21. Eckstein, R. W.: Effect of Exercise and Coronary Arterial Narrowing on Growth of Interarterial Coronary Anastomoses , Fed. Proc. 15:34, 1956. 22. Danisch, F.: Die sympathischen Ganglien in ihrer Bedeutung für die Cholesterinsklerose des Kaninchens: Experimentelle Untersuchungen , Beitr. path. Anat. 79:333, 1928. 23. Raab, W.: Arterioskleroseentstehung und Nebennierenlipoid-Adrenalin ("NLA"-) Komplex , Ztschr. ges. exper. Med. 105:657, 1939.Crossref 24. Raab, W.: Neurohormonal Atherogenesis , Am. J. Cardiol. , to be published. 25. Raab, W.: Alimentäre Faktoren in der Entstehung von Arteriosklerose und Hypertonie , Med. Klin. 28:487 and 521, 1932. 26. Raab, W.: Möglichkeiten der Arteriosklerosverhütung , München. med. Wchnschr. 86:689, 1939. 27. Raab, W., and Friedmann, R.: Ernährung und Gefäss-System , Klin. Wchnschr. 33:1159, 1936.Crossref 28. White, P. D.: Get Back on Your Bike , Chicago, Arnold Schwinn & Co., 1956. 29. Cureton, T. K.: Preservation of the Middle Aged Man , J. Phys. Educ. 52:27, 1954. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Internal Medicine American Medical Association

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References (30)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1958 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0888-2479
DOI
10.1001/archinte.1958.00260140026005
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract R. Price's ironical phrase, "Man's first mistake—the wheel," 1 characterizes a basic trend in human endeavor that has been directed throughout the ages toward a steadily increasing replacement of personal effort by mechanical devices. Modern Western civilization represents the climax of these tendencies by combining maximum technical perfection of labor-saving gadgets with their maximal mass distribution. Ostensibly, the United States of America are leading in these respects. What the general lack of exercise, such as walking, running, and carrying, has done to the muscular fitness of the motorized and TV-sitting young generation of this country has been drastically demonstrated by the extensive statistical studies of Hans Kraus and associates.2 They revealed an alarming physical inferiority of American children, as compared with their counterparts in Austria, Switzerland, and Italy, and prompted the President to initiate the planning of nationwide corrective measures. Interested advocates of more gadget manufacturing and of resulting References 1. With a Fulbright Research Scholarship and Public Health Service (National Heart Institute) Grant H-2169. 2. Price, R.: In One Head and Out the Other , New York, Ballantine Books, Inc., 1956. 3. Kraus, H.; Prudden (Hirschland), B., and Hirschhorn, K.: Role of Inactivity in Production of Disease—Hypokinetic Disease , J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 4:463, 1956. 4. Morris, J. N., and Heady, J. A.: Mortality in Relation to the Physical Activity of Work: Preliminary Note on Experience in Middle Age , Brit. J. Indust. Med. 10:245, 1953. 5. Morris, J. N.; Raffle, P. A.; Roberts, C. G., and Parks, J. W.: Coronary Heart-Disease and Physical Activity of Work , Lancet 2:1053, 1953.Crossref 6. Benton, J. G., and Rusk, H. A.: The Relation of Physical Activity and Occupation to Coronary Artery Heart Disease , Ann. Int. Med. 41:910, 1954.Crossref 7. Luongo, E. P.: Health Habits and Heart Disease—Challenge in Preventive Medicine , J. A. M. A. 162:1021, 1956.Crossref 8. Kutschera-Aichbergen, H.: Die Arteriosklerose und ihre Bekampfung , Ars med. , 46:758, 1956. 9. Dairy Council Digest, Vol. 28, No. 1, September, 1956. 10. Raab, W.: Hormonal and Neurogenic Cardiovascular Disorders: Endocrine and Neuro-Endocrine Factors in Pathogenesis and Treatment , Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Company, 1953. 11. Raab, W.: The Adrenergic-Cholinergic Control of Cardiac Metabolism and Function , Advances Cardiol. 1:65, 1956. 12. Reindell, H.; Klepzig, H.; Musshoff, K., and Schildge, E.: Das Sportherz , Ergebn. inn. Med. u. Kinderh. 5:306, 1954. 13. Beckner, G. L., and Winsor, T.: Cardiovascular Adaptations to Prolonged Physical Effort , Circulation 9:835, 1954.Crossref 14. Wolffe, J. B.: A Critical Evaluation of Cardiovascular, Biochemical and Other Findings in Marathon Runners, and Their Clinical Implications, Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Sports Medicine, Belgrade, May, 1954, p. 363. 15. Bruce, R. A.: Evaluation of Functional Capacity and Exercise Tolerance of Cardiac Patients , Mod. Concepts Cardiovas. Dis. 25:321, 1956. 16. Bing, R. J.: Disturbances in Myocardial Metabolism , Advances Cardiol. 1:52, 1956. 17. Raab, W., and Gigee, W.: Norepinephrine and Epinephrine Content of Normal and Diseased Human Hearts , Circulation 11:593, 1955.Crossref 18. Taylor, H. L.; Henschel, A.; Brozek, J., and Keys, A.: Effects of Bed Rest on Cardiovascular Function and Work Performance , J. Appl. Physiol. 2:223, 1949. 19. Schumann, H.: Die Verminderung des Glycogens, des Phosphagens und der Adenylpyrophos- phorsäure im Herzmuskel bei Sauerstoffmangel und nach ermüdender Arbeit normaler und trainierter Tiere , Ztschr. ges. exper. Med. 106:59, 1939.Crossref 20. Petrén, T.; Sjöstrand, T., and Sylvén, B.: Der Einfluss des Trainings auf die Häufigkeit der Capillaren in Herz- und Skeletmuskulatur , Arbeitsphysiologie 9:376, 1936. 21. Eckstein, R. W.: Effect of Exercise and Coronary Arterial Narrowing on Growth of Interarterial Coronary Anastomoses , Fed. Proc. 15:34, 1956. 22. Danisch, F.: Die sympathischen Ganglien in ihrer Bedeutung für die Cholesterinsklerose des Kaninchens: Experimentelle Untersuchungen , Beitr. path. Anat. 79:333, 1928. 23. Raab, W.: Arterioskleroseentstehung und Nebennierenlipoid-Adrenalin ("NLA"-) Komplex , Ztschr. ges. exper. Med. 105:657, 1939.Crossref 24. Raab, W.: Neurohormonal Atherogenesis , Am. J. Cardiol. , to be published. 25. Raab, W.: Alimentäre Faktoren in der Entstehung von Arteriosklerose und Hypertonie , Med. Klin. 28:487 and 521, 1932. 26. Raab, W.: Möglichkeiten der Arteriosklerosverhütung , München. med. Wchnschr. 86:689, 1939. 27. Raab, W., and Friedmann, R.: Ernährung und Gefäss-System , Klin. Wchnschr. 33:1159, 1936.Crossref 28. White, P. D.: Get Back on Your Bike , Chicago, Arnold Schwinn & Co., 1956. 29. Cureton, T. K.: Preservation of the Middle Aged Man , J. Phys. Educ. 52:27, 1954.

Journal

A.M.A. Archives of Internal MedicineAmerican Medical Association

Published: Feb 1, 1958

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