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Hepatic Reticuloendothelial Host Defense Failure Following Surgical Trauma

Hepatic Reticuloendothelial Host Defense Failure Following Surgical Trauma Abstract We evaluated potential pituitary-adrenal influences on postoperative reticuloendothelial (RE) function. Male dogs, 13 to 18 kg (28.6 to 39.6 lb), were used and the operative procedure was hemicolectomy. The RE function was evaluated by a colloid clearance technique and circulating opsonin levels were quantified by bloassay. Normal animals manifested RE depression three hours following incision (49% decline in the global phagocytic index K and an associated 30% decline in the circulating opsonic activity). Dexamethasone sodium phosphate pretreatment over a three-day preoperative period prevented the postoperative RE clearance failure (control K = 0.69; postoperative K = 0.79) however, a slight (18%) but not significant decrease in opsonic activity occurred. Cortisone acetate or adrenocorticotropic hormone over a wide-dosage range manifested no depressing effect on in vitro phagocytosis. These studies, in conjunction with our previous findings of Kupffer cell activation following adrenalectomy, as well as the demonstration of opsonin depletion and RE phagocytic depression following surgery in the absence of the adrenal glands suggest that the pituitary-adrenal system modulates postoperative RE phagocytosis. References 1. Saba TM, Scovill WA: Effect of surgical trauma on host defense. Surg Ann, to be published. 2. Alexander JW: Effect of the thermal injury upon the early resistance to infection . J Surg Res 8:128-137, 1968.Crossref 3. Saba TM: Physiology and physiopathology of the reticuloendothelial system . Arch Intern Med 126:1031-1040, 1970.Crossref 4. Gans H: Preservation of vascular patency is a function of reticuloendothelial clearance . Surgery 60:1216-1223, 1966. 5. Filkins JP, Buchanan BJ: Effects of lead acetate on sensitivity to shock, intravascular carbon and endotoxin clearances, and hepatic endotoxin detoxification . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 142:471-475, 1973.Crossref 6. Saba TM: Systemic host defense following surgery and traumatic shock. Circ Shock, to be published. 7. Saba TM: Opsonin depletion after surgery . Nature 228:781-783, 1970.Crossref 8. Scovill WA, Saba TM: Humoral recognition deficiency in the etiology of reticuloendothelial depression induced by surgery . Ann Surg 178:59-64, 1973.Crossref 9. Schildt BE, Bouveng R: Effect of burning on hepatic phagocytosis as studied in vitro . Life Sci 10:397-404, 1971.Crossref 10. Kaplan JE, Saba TM, Cho E: Mechanism mediating reticuloendothelial alterations following traumatic shock , abstracted. Fed Proc 33:529, 1974. 11. Saba TM: Mechanism mediating reticuloendothelial depression after surgery . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 133:1132-1136, 1970.Crossref 12. Scovill WA, Saba TM: Response of the opsonic and phagocytic system to trauma in adrenalectomized animals . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 143:192-197, 1973.Crossref 13. Nicol T, Vernon-Roberts B, Quantock DS: The influence of various hormones on the RES: Endocrine control of body defense . J Endocrinol 33:365-383, 1965.Crossref 14. Kendall J, Matsuda K, Duyck C, et al: Studies of the location of the receptor site for negative feedback control of ACTH release . Endocrinology 74:279-283, 1964.Crossref 15. Cornell RP, Saba TM: Vascular clearance and metabolism of lipid by the reticuloendothelial system in dogs . Am J Physiol 221:1511-1520, 1971. 16. Rittenbury MS, Hanback LD: Phagocytic depression in thermal injuries . J Trauma 7:523-530, 1967.Crossref 17. Altura BM, Hershey SG: Reticuloendothelial phagocytic function in trauma and adaptation to experimental shock . Am J Physiol 215:1414, 1968. 18. Altura BM, Hershey SG: Acute intestinal ischemia shock and RES function . J Reticuloendothel Soc 10:361-371, 1971. 19. Subramanian V, Lowman JT, Gans H: Effect of extracorporeal circulation on reticuloendothelial function . Arch Surg 97:330-335, 1968.Crossref 20. Uanue ER: The regulatory role of macrophages in antigenic stimulation . Adv Immunol 15:95-165, 1972. 21. Saba TM: Effect of surgical trauma on the clearance and localization of blood-borne particulate matter . Surgery 71:675-683, 1972. 22. Kaplan JE, Saba TM: Localization of 125I-opsonic protein in injured tissue following surgery: Its significance to host resistance to circulating malignant cells . J Reticuloendothel Soc 15:68a, 1974. 23. Allen C, Saba TM, Molnar J: Isolation, purification and characterization of opsonic protein . J Reticuloendothel Soc 13:410-423, 1973. 24. Schildt BE, Low H: Relationship between trauma, plasma corticosterone and reticuloendothelial function in anesthetized mice . Acta Endocrinol 67:141-146, 1971. 25. Reichard S, Edelman A, Gordon A: Adrenal and hypophyseal influences upon the uptake of radioactive gold (198Au) by the reticuloendothelial system . Endocrinology 59:55-68, 1956.Crossref http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Surgery American Medical Association

Hepatic Reticuloendothelial Host Defense Failure Following Surgical Trauma

Scovill, William A.; Saba, Thomas M.
Archives of Surgery , Volume 110 (8) – Aug 1, 1975
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References (26)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1975 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0004-0010
eISSN
1538-3644
DOI
10.1001/archsurg.1975.01360140098020
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract We evaluated potential pituitary-adrenal influences on postoperative reticuloendothelial (RE) function. Male dogs, 13 to 18 kg (28.6 to 39.6 lb), were used and the operative procedure was hemicolectomy. The RE function was evaluated by a colloid clearance technique and circulating opsonin levels were quantified by bloassay. Normal animals manifested RE depression three hours following incision (49% decline in the global phagocytic index K and an associated 30% decline in the circulating opsonic activity). Dexamethasone sodium phosphate pretreatment over a three-day preoperative period prevented the postoperative RE clearance failure (control K = 0.69; postoperative K = 0.79) however, a slight (18%) but not significant decrease in opsonic activity occurred. Cortisone acetate or adrenocorticotropic hormone over a wide-dosage range manifested no depressing effect on in vitro phagocytosis. These studies, in conjunction with our previous findings of Kupffer cell activation following adrenalectomy, as well as the demonstration of opsonin depletion and RE phagocytic depression following surgery in the absence of the adrenal glands suggest that the pituitary-adrenal system modulates postoperative RE phagocytosis. References 1. Saba TM, Scovill WA: Effect of surgical trauma on host defense. Surg Ann, to be published. 2. Alexander JW: Effect of the thermal injury upon the early resistance to infection . J Surg Res 8:128-137, 1968.Crossref 3. Saba TM: Physiology and physiopathology of the reticuloendothelial system . Arch Intern Med 126:1031-1040, 1970.Crossref 4. Gans H: Preservation of vascular patency is a function of reticuloendothelial clearance . Surgery 60:1216-1223, 1966. 5. Filkins JP, Buchanan BJ: Effects of lead acetate on sensitivity to shock, intravascular carbon and endotoxin clearances, and hepatic endotoxin detoxification . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 142:471-475, 1973.Crossref 6. Saba TM: Systemic host defense following surgery and traumatic shock. Circ Shock, to be published. 7. Saba TM: Opsonin depletion after surgery . Nature 228:781-783, 1970.Crossref 8. Scovill WA, Saba TM: Humoral recognition deficiency in the etiology of reticuloendothelial depression induced by surgery . Ann Surg 178:59-64, 1973.Crossref 9. Schildt BE, Bouveng R: Effect of burning on hepatic phagocytosis as studied in vitro . Life Sci 10:397-404, 1971.Crossref 10. Kaplan JE, Saba TM, Cho E: Mechanism mediating reticuloendothelial alterations following traumatic shock , abstracted. Fed Proc 33:529, 1974. 11. Saba TM: Mechanism mediating reticuloendothelial depression after surgery . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 133:1132-1136, 1970.Crossref 12. Scovill WA, Saba TM: Response of the opsonic and phagocytic system to trauma in adrenalectomized animals . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 143:192-197, 1973.Crossref 13. Nicol T, Vernon-Roberts B, Quantock DS: The influence of various hormones on the RES: Endocrine control of body defense . J Endocrinol 33:365-383, 1965.Crossref 14. Kendall J, Matsuda K, Duyck C, et al: Studies of the location of the receptor site for negative feedback control of ACTH release . Endocrinology 74:279-283, 1964.Crossref 15. Cornell RP, Saba TM: Vascular clearance and metabolism of lipid by the reticuloendothelial system in dogs . Am J Physiol 221:1511-1520, 1971. 16. Rittenbury MS, Hanback LD: Phagocytic depression in thermal injuries . J Trauma 7:523-530, 1967.Crossref 17. Altura BM, Hershey SG: Reticuloendothelial phagocytic function in trauma and adaptation to experimental shock . Am J Physiol 215:1414, 1968. 18. Altura BM, Hershey SG: Acute intestinal ischemia shock and RES function . J Reticuloendothel Soc 10:361-371, 1971. 19. Subramanian V, Lowman JT, Gans H: Effect of extracorporeal circulation on reticuloendothelial function . Arch Surg 97:330-335, 1968.Crossref 20. Uanue ER: The regulatory role of macrophages in antigenic stimulation . Adv Immunol 15:95-165, 1972. 21. Saba TM: Effect of surgical trauma on the clearance and localization of blood-borne particulate matter . Surgery 71:675-683, 1972. 22. Kaplan JE, Saba TM: Localization of 125I-opsonic protein in injured tissue following surgery: Its significance to host resistance to circulating malignant cells . J Reticuloendothel Soc 15:68a, 1974. 23. Allen C, Saba TM, Molnar J: Isolation, purification and characterization of opsonic protein . J Reticuloendothel Soc 13:410-423, 1973. 24. Schildt BE, Low H: Relationship between trauma, plasma corticosterone and reticuloendothelial function in anesthetized mice . Acta Endocrinol 67:141-146, 1971. 25. Reichard S, Edelman A, Gordon A: Adrenal and hypophyseal influences upon the uptake of radioactive gold (198Au) by the reticuloendothelial system . Endocrinology 59:55-68, 1956.Crossref

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Archives of Surgery – American Medical Association

Published: Aug 1, 1975

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