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Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Virus of Influenza A (Asian Strain): Report of Two Fatal Cases During the 1957 Epidemic in Wales

Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Virus of Influenza A (Asian Strain): Report of Two Fatal Cases During... Abstract Although the major complication of the 1957 pandemic of influenza was pneumonia, cases of neurological disorder were reported to accompany or to follow the initial respiratory infection. The brunt of the insult was borne at any level of the nervous system, giving rise to a varying combination of clinical symptoms and signs. One of these was the Guillain-Barré syndrome. Despite the occurrence of fatal cases and the opportunity for pathological study, this syndrome remains a clinical concept, although, since its first description in 1916,16 the ambit of its diagnostic use has been greatly extended, particularly in the literature of Scandinavia, America, and the British Commonwealth. By the outbreak of World War II, Guillain14 himself had accepted several varieties of the syndrome, and in his most recent communication15 (1953) he allotted 3 of his series of 19 cases to a sixth variety, which had been described nearly 20 References 1. Baker, A. B.: Guillain-Barré Disease (Encephalo-Myelo-Radiculitis): Review of 33 Cases , Journal-Lancet 63:384-398, 1943. 2. Bell, W. E.; McKee, A. P., and Utterback. R. A.: Asian Influenza Virus as the Cause of Acute Encephalitis , Neurology 8:500-502, 1958.Crossref 3. Bradford, J. R.; Bashford, E. F., and Wilson, J. A.: Acute Infective Polyneuritis , Quart. J. Med. 12:88-126, 1918-1919.Crossref 4. Brain, W. R.: Diseases of the Nervous System , Ed. 5, London, Oxford University Press, 1955. 5. Campbell, A. M. G.: The Aetiology of Polyneuritis , Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. 51:157-159, 1958. 6. Casals, J., in Fields, W. S., and Blattner, R. J.: Viral Encephalitis , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1958. 7. Compton Smith, R. N.: Influenzal Encephalitis, Letters to the Editor , Lancet 1:217-218, 1958.Crossref 8. Dubois, R., and van Bogaert, L.: Sur un syndrome d'ataxie cérébelleuse aiguë curable avec dissociation albumino-cytologique du liquide céphalo-rachidien , Rev. franç. de pediat. 12:668-676, 1936. 9. Dubowitz, V: Influenzal Encephalitis , Lancet 1:140-141, 1958.Crossref 10. Dunbar, J. M.; Jamieson, W. M.; Langlands, J. H. M., and Smith, G. H.: Encephalitis and Influenza , Brit. M. J. 1:913-915, 1958.Crossref 11. Edmundson, P., and Hodgkin, K.: Protean Symptomatology, in Reports from General Practitioners on Influenza Epidemic, Vital Statistics , Brit. M. J. 2:1058, 1957. 12. Flewett, T. H., and Hoult, J. G.: Influenzal Encephalopathy and Postinfluenzal Encephalitis , Lancet 2:11-15, 1958.Crossref 13. Greenfield, J. G.: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis as a Sequel to "Influenza," J. Path. & Bact. 33:453-462, 1930. 14. Guillain, G.: Radiculoneuritis with Acellular Hyperalbuminosis of Cerebrospinal Fluid , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 36:975-990, 1936. 15. Guillain, G.: Considérations sur le syndrome de Guillain et Barré , Ann. méd. 54:81-149, 1953. 16. Guillain, G.; Barré, J-A., and Strohl, A.: Sur un syndrome de radiculo-névrite avec hyperalbuminose du liquide céphalo-rachidien sans réaction céllulaire: Remarques sur les caractères cliniques et graphiques des réflexes tendineux , Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. hôp. Paris 40:1462-1470, 1916. 17. Guthrie, J.; Forsyth, D. M., and Montgomery, H.: Asiatic Influenza in the Middle East: An Outbreak in a Small Community , Lancet 2:590-592, 1957. 18. Haymaker, W., and Kernohan, J. W.: The Landry-Guillain-Barré Syndrome , Medicine 28:59-141, 1949. 19. Holland, W. W.: A Clinical Study of Influenza in the Royal Air Force , Lancet 2:840-841, 1957. 20. Hollander, E.: Sensory Polyneuritis: Common Postgrippal Syndrome , New York J. Med. 47:1378-1379, 1947. 21. Holmes, J. MacD.: Neurological Complications in Atypical Pneumonia , Brit. M. J. 1:218-220, 1947. 22. Horner, F. A.: Neurologic Disorders After Asian Influenza , New England J. Med. 258:983-985, 1958. 23. Jennings, G. H.: Clinical Features of Pneumonias Undergoing Virus Tests , Brit. M. J. 1:123-129, 1952.Crossref 24. Laha, P. N., and Mitter, S. R.: Influenzal Polyneuritis , Indian M. Rec. 65:119-120, 1945. 25. Leigh, A. D.: Infections of the Nervous System Occurring During an Epidemic of Influenza B , Brit. M. J. 2:936-938, 1946.Crossref 26. Lim, K. A.; Smith, A.; Hale, J. H., and Glass, J.: Influenza Outbreak in Singapore , Lancet 2:791-796, 1957.Crossref 27. Martin, W. J.: The Autumn Influenza Outbreak in England and Wales , Brit. M. J. 1:419-420, 1958.Crossref 28. McConkey, B., and Daws, R. A.: Neurological Disorders Associated with Asian Influenza , Lancet 2:15-17, 1958.Crossref 29. McGill, R. J., and Goodbody, R. A.: Influenzal Encephalitis, Letters to the Editor , Lancet 1:320, 1958.Crossref 30. Meldrum, W. J.; Watts, C. A. H., and Cantwell, H. F.: Fatal Case, in Reports from General Practitioners on Influenza Epidemic, Vital Statistics , Brit. M. J. 2:1059, 1957. 31. Miller, H. G., and Stanton, J. B.: Neurological Sequelae of Prophylactic Inoculation , Quart. J. Med. 23:1-27, 1954. 32. Mogabgab, W. J.: Influenza, Editorial , A.M. A. Arch. Int. Med. 101:681-684, 1958.Crossref 33. Morgan, D. M., and Pickup, J. D.: Thirteen Cases of Influenzal Bronchopneumonia in Children , Brit. M. J. 1:263-265, 1958.Crossref 34. Peters, C. H.; Widerman, A.; Blumberg, A., and Ricker, W. A., Jr.: Neurologic Manifestations of Infectious Mononucleosis, with Special Reference to Guillain-Barré Syndrome , Arch. Int. Med. 80:366-373, 1947.Crossref 35. Pullen, R. L., and Sodeman, W. A.: Infectious Polyneuritis (Guillain-Barré Syndrome) , Am. J. M. Sc. 211:110-122, 1946.Crossref 36. Ricker, W. A.; Blumberg, A.; Peters, C. H., and Widerman, A.: Association of Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Infectious Mononucleosis, with Report of 2 Fatal Cases , Blood 2:217-226, 1947. 37. Roseman, E., and Aring, C. D.: Infectious Polyneuritis , Medicine 20:463-494, 1941.Crossref 38. Schreiber, H.: Observations and Report of Influenza Epidemic Aboard Military Sea Transport , J.A.M.A. 165:1683-1686, 1957.Crossref 39. Swee, Y. O., and Dourado, H.: Influenza Epidemic in Singapore Children , Brit. M. J. 2: 1523-1525, 1957.Crossref 40. Smith, W.; Andrewes, C. H., and Laidlaw, P. P.: A Virus Obtained from Influenza Patients , Lancet 2:66-68, 1933.Crossref 41. Stephens, J. H., and Cappell, D. F.: Influenzal Encephalitis, Letters to the Editor , Lancet 1:381, 1958.Crossref 42. Waksman, B. H., and Adams, R. D.: Allergic Neuritis: Experimental Disease of Rabbits Induced by Injection of Peripheral Nervous Tissue and Adjuvants , J. Exper. Med. 102:213-236, 1955.Crossref 43. Watson. G. I.: Sign of Recovery, in Reports from General Practitioners on Influenza Epidemic, Vital Statistics , Brit. M. J. 2:1059, 1957.Crossref 44. Expert Committee on Influenza: Haemagglutination-Inhibition Test , World Health Organization Technical Report Series No. 64. Geneva, April. 1953, p. 28. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png A.M.A. Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry American Medical Association

Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Virus of Influenza A (Asian Strain): Report of Two Fatal Cases During the 1957 Epidemic in Wales

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References (50)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1959 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0096-6886
DOI
10.1001/archneurpsyc.1959.02340180033005
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract Although the major complication of the 1957 pandemic of influenza was pneumonia, cases of neurological disorder were reported to accompany or to follow the initial respiratory infection. The brunt of the insult was borne at any level of the nervous system, giving rise to a varying combination of clinical symptoms and signs. One of these was the Guillain-Barré syndrome. Despite the occurrence of fatal cases and the opportunity for pathological study, this syndrome remains a clinical concept, although, since its first description in 1916,16 the ambit of its diagnostic use has been greatly extended, particularly in the literature of Scandinavia, America, and the British Commonwealth. By the outbreak of World War II, Guillain14 himself had accepted several varieties of the syndrome, and in his most recent communication15 (1953) he allotted 3 of his series of 19 cases to a sixth variety, which had been described nearly 20 References 1. Baker, A. B.: Guillain-Barré Disease (Encephalo-Myelo-Radiculitis): Review of 33 Cases , Journal-Lancet 63:384-398, 1943. 2. Bell, W. E.; McKee, A. P., and Utterback. R. A.: Asian Influenza Virus as the Cause of Acute Encephalitis , Neurology 8:500-502, 1958.Crossref 3. Bradford, J. R.; Bashford, E. F., and Wilson, J. A.: Acute Infective Polyneuritis , Quart. J. Med. 12:88-126, 1918-1919.Crossref 4. Brain, W. R.: Diseases of the Nervous System , Ed. 5, London, Oxford University Press, 1955. 5. Campbell, A. M. G.: The Aetiology of Polyneuritis , Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. 51:157-159, 1958. 6. Casals, J., in Fields, W. S., and Blattner, R. J.: Viral Encephalitis , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1958. 7. Compton Smith, R. N.: Influenzal Encephalitis, Letters to the Editor , Lancet 1:217-218, 1958.Crossref 8. Dubois, R., and van Bogaert, L.: Sur un syndrome d'ataxie cérébelleuse aiguë curable avec dissociation albumino-cytologique du liquide céphalo-rachidien , Rev. franç. de pediat. 12:668-676, 1936. 9. Dubowitz, V: Influenzal Encephalitis , Lancet 1:140-141, 1958.Crossref 10. Dunbar, J. M.; Jamieson, W. M.; Langlands, J. H. M., and Smith, G. H.: Encephalitis and Influenza , Brit. M. J. 1:913-915, 1958.Crossref 11. Edmundson, P., and Hodgkin, K.: Protean Symptomatology, in Reports from General Practitioners on Influenza Epidemic, Vital Statistics , Brit. M. J. 2:1058, 1957. 12. Flewett, T. H., and Hoult, J. G.: Influenzal Encephalopathy and Postinfluenzal Encephalitis , Lancet 2:11-15, 1958.Crossref 13. Greenfield, J. G.: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis as a Sequel to "Influenza," J. Path. & Bact. 33:453-462, 1930. 14. Guillain, G.: Radiculoneuritis with Acellular Hyperalbuminosis of Cerebrospinal Fluid , Arch. Neurol. & Psychiat. 36:975-990, 1936. 15. Guillain, G.: Considérations sur le syndrome de Guillain et Barré , Ann. méd. 54:81-149, 1953. 16. Guillain, G.; Barré, J-A., and Strohl, A.: Sur un syndrome de radiculo-névrite avec hyperalbuminose du liquide céphalo-rachidien sans réaction céllulaire: Remarques sur les caractères cliniques et graphiques des réflexes tendineux , Bull. et mém. Soc. méd. hôp. Paris 40:1462-1470, 1916. 17. Guthrie, J.; Forsyth, D. M., and Montgomery, H.: Asiatic Influenza in the Middle East: An Outbreak in a Small Community , Lancet 2:590-592, 1957. 18. Haymaker, W., and Kernohan, J. W.: The Landry-Guillain-Barré Syndrome , Medicine 28:59-141, 1949. 19. Holland, W. W.: A Clinical Study of Influenza in the Royal Air Force , Lancet 2:840-841, 1957. 20. Hollander, E.: Sensory Polyneuritis: Common Postgrippal Syndrome , New York J. Med. 47:1378-1379, 1947. 21. Holmes, J. MacD.: Neurological Complications in Atypical Pneumonia , Brit. M. J. 1:218-220, 1947. 22. Horner, F. A.: Neurologic Disorders After Asian Influenza , New England J. Med. 258:983-985, 1958. 23. Jennings, G. H.: Clinical Features of Pneumonias Undergoing Virus Tests , Brit. M. J. 1:123-129, 1952.Crossref 24. Laha, P. N., and Mitter, S. R.: Influenzal Polyneuritis , Indian M. Rec. 65:119-120, 1945. 25. Leigh, A. D.: Infections of the Nervous System Occurring During an Epidemic of Influenza B , Brit. M. J. 2:936-938, 1946.Crossref 26. Lim, K. A.; Smith, A.; Hale, J. H., and Glass, J.: Influenza Outbreak in Singapore , Lancet 2:791-796, 1957.Crossref 27. Martin, W. J.: The Autumn Influenza Outbreak in England and Wales , Brit. M. J. 1:419-420, 1958.Crossref 28. McConkey, B., and Daws, R. A.: Neurological Disorders Associated with Asian Influenza , Lancet 2:15-17, 1958.Crossref 29. McGill, R. J., and Goodbody, R. A.: Influenzal Encephalitis, Letters to the Editor , Lancet 1:320, 1958.Crossref 30. Meldrum, W. J.; Watts, C. A. H., and Cantwell, H. F.: Fatal Case, in Reports from General Practitioners on Influenza Epidemic, Vital Statistics , Brit. M. J. 2:1059, 1957. 31. Miller, H. G., and Stanton, J. B.: Neurological Sequelae of Prophylactic Inoculation , Quart. J. Med. 23:1-27, 1954. 32. Mogabgab, W. J.: Influenza, Editorial , A.M. A. Arch. Int. Med. 101:681-684, 1958.Crossref 33. Morgan, D. M., and Pickup, J. D.: Thirteen Cases of Influenzal Bronchopneumonia in Children , Brit. M. J. 1:263-265, 1958.Crossref 34. Peters, C. H.; Widerman, A.; Blumberg, A., and Ricker, W. A., Jr.: Neurologic Manifestations of Infectious Mononucleosis, with Special Reference to Guillain-Barré Syndrome , Arch. Int. Med. 80:366-373, 1947.Crossref 35. Pullen, R. L., and Sodeman, W. A.: Infectious Polyneuritis (Guillain-Barré Syndrome) , Am. J. M. Sc. 211:110-122, 1946.Crossref 36. Ricker, W. A.; Blumberg, A.; Peters, C. H., and Widerman, A.: Association of Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Infectious Mononucleosis, with Report of 2 Fatal Cases , Blood 2:217-226, 1947. 37. Roseman, E., and Aring, C. D.: Infectious Polyneuritis , Medicine 20:463-494, 1941.Crossref 38. Schreiber, H.: Observations and Report of Influenza Epidemic Aboard Military Sea Transport , J.A.M.A. 165:1683-1686, 1957.Crossref 39. Swee, Y. O., and Dourado, H.: Influenza Epidemic in Singapore Children , Brit. M. J. 2: 1523-1525, 1957.Crossref 40. Smith, W.; Andrewes, C. H., and Laidlaw, P. P.: A Virus Obtained from Influenza Patients , Lancet 2:66-68, 1933.Crossref 41. Stephens, J. H., and Cappell, D. F.: Influenzal Encephalitis, Letters to the Editor , Lancet 1:381, 1958.Crossref 42. Waksman, B. H., and Adams, R. D.: Allergic Neuritis: Experimental Disease of Rabbits Induced by Injection of Peripheral Nervous Tissue and Adjuvants , J. Exper. Med. 102:213-236, 1955.Crossref 43. Watson. G. I.: Sign of Recovery, in Reports from General Practitioners on Influenza Epidemic, Vital Statistics , Brit. M. J. 2:1059, 1957.Crossref 44. Expert Committee on Influenza: Haemagglutination-Inhibition Test , World Health Organization Technical Report Series No. 64. Geneva, April. 1953, p. 28.

Journal

A.M.A. Archives of Neurology & PsychiatryAmerican Medical Association

Published: Jun 1, 1959

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