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/lp/american-medical-association/eye-movements-during-sleep-ii-the-pattern-with-upward-gaze-paralysis-CKrOCaen0w
- Publisher
- American Medical Association
- Copyright
- Copyright © 1971 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
- ISSN
- 0003-9942
- eISSN
- 1538-3687
- DOI
- 10.1001/archneur.1971.00490030038003
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Abstract During the night of sleep there is a recurrent cycle of brain wave changes and physiologic events punctuated by the dream periods. When the electroencephalogram changes from a high voltage slow to a low voltage rapid pattern the eyes begin to move in bursts of rapid movement and the dream period begins. The dream periods (stage REM) may be considered as a distinct physiologic state from the rest of the night (non-REM sleep). In patients with paralysis of upward eye movement during waking, during non-REM sleep the eyes moved upward as if no paralysis were present. However, during REM sleep upward eye movement was severely restricted. The results suggest that the functional organization for eye movements during REM sleep is similar to that of waking whereas this organization is dissolved during the remainder of sleep. References 1. Bender MB, Shanzer S: Oculomotor pathways defined by electric stimulation and lesions in the brainstem of monkey , in Bender MB (ed): The Oculomotor System . New York, Paul B Hoeber Inc, 1964, pp 81-140. 2. Bender MB: Disorders of eye movements , in Vinken PJ, Bruyn WG (eds): Handbook of Clinical Neurology . Amsterdam, North Holland Publishing Co, 1969, vol 1, pp 574-630. 3. Jacobs L, Feldman M, Bender MB: Eye movements during sleep: I. The pattern in the normal human . Arch Neurol 25:151-159, 1971.Crossref 4. Bender MB: Eyelid closure reaction . Arch Ophthal 29:435-440, 1943.Crossref 5. Burford GE: Involuntary eyeball motions during anesthesia and sleep: Relationship to cortical rhythmic potentials . Anesth Analg 20:191-199, 1941.Crossref 6. Breinin GM: The position of rest during anesthesia and sleep: Electromyographic observations . Arch Ophthal 57:323-326, 1957.Crossref 7. Plum F, Posner JB: The diagnosis of stupor and coma , in Plum F, McDowell FH (eds): Contemporary Neurology Series . Philadelphia, FA Davis Co, 1966, vol 1, p 29. 8. Adler FH: Physiology of the Eye , ed 2. St. Louis, CV Mosby Co, 1953, p 404. 9. Appenzeller O, Fischer AP: Disturbances of REM's during sleep in patients with lesions of the nervous system . Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 25:29-35, 1968.Crossref 10. Epstein AE, Hill W: Ictal phenomena during sleep of a temporal epileptic . Arch Neurol 15:367-375, 1966.Crossref
Journal
Archives of Neurology – American Medical Association
Published: Sep 1, 1971
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